HCN2 promotes neurodevelopmental and synaptic function repair through the CaMKII/CREB pathway to alleviate general anesthesia-induced cognitive impairment.

Repeated exposure to gestational general anesthesia during pregnancy has been associated with neurodevelopmental damage and cognitive and social dysfunction in offspring. This study investigates the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for mitigating these effects. Behavioral tests revealed significant impairments in cognitive, social, and spatial learning abilities in the offspring of general anesthesia-treated mice, alongside delayed eye-opening, reduced body weight, and neuronal damage.

Coalescing single-cell genomes and transcriptomes to decode breast cancer progression.

Understanding epithelial lineages of breast cancer and genotype-phenotype relationships requires direct measurements of the genome and transcriptome of the same single cells at scale. To achieve this, we developed wellDR-seq, a high-genomic-resolution, high-throughput method to simultaneously profile the genome and transcriptome of thousands of single cells. We profiled 33,646 single cells from 12 estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers and identified ancestral subclones in multiple patients that showed a luminal hormone-responsive lineage, indicating a potential cell of origin.

Super-Resolution Imaging Captures Mitophagy Dynamics: Tricolor Fluorescence Labels Mitochondria, Autophagosomes, and Lysosomes.

Mitophagy is a vital lysosome-dependent process in which damaged mitochondria exhibiting elevated HO production are selectively engulfed by autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes for degradation, thereby maintaining intracellular homeostasis. Consequently, monitoring mitophagy holds significant potential for disease diagnosis and therapeutic development. In this study, HO-activated lysosome-targeted fluorescent probe, , was developed for the super-resolution imaging of the mitophagic process.

Iminoboronate chemistry enables multifunctional and reprocessable polyphenol-derived vitrimers.

Polyphenol-derived vitrimers offer compelling prospects for sustainable materials owing to their intrinsic recyclability, reprocessability and biodegradability. However, practical development remains constrained by structure degradation under harsh reprocessing conditions and the need for sophisticated modifications of the bio-sourced precursors. Herein, we reported a strategy that integrates commercially available polyphenols and low-molecular-weight PDMS through adaptable iminoboronate chemistry, obviating the need for structural modifications.

Efficient Formaldehyde Degradation in Electro-Fenton Systems: Modulating HER/ORR Competition on Carbon Cathodes via Hydrophobic Modification.

Electro-Fenton (EF) has been proven to be an efficient method for formaldehyde degradation. Notably, the cathode in the EF system inevitably undergoes the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during operation. The excessive accumulation of H not only creates safety hazards but also, during its generation process, occupies oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) active sites and competes with ORR for electrons, thereby severely restricting both HO synthesis efficiency and formaldehyde degradation performance.

Pesticide-fertilizer interactions: nutrient effects on wheat detoxification of prothioconazole.

Background: Prothioconazole (PTC), a triazole fungicide, and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio (dPTC) present potential phytotoxic risks in crops. However, the mechanisms governing their uptake and detoxification in wheat remain unknown. This study aimed to determine how macronutrients and endogenous signaling compounds regulate PTC absorption and metabolism in wheat seedlings.

Epigenetic Clocks Identify Harmful Epigenetic Aging Linked to Depression Severity and Cognitive Deficits in Major Depressive Disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental illness characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Cognitive impairment is a common feature of MDD, closely related to the aging process. Epigenetic aging calculated using DNA methylation is an important marker of biological aging.

A-to-I edited SNHG3 promotes non-small cell lung cancer metastasis by promoting fatty acid oxidation and resisting ferroptosis.

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a critical post-transcriptional modification that enhances tumor genome diversity and contributes to cancer progression. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while specific A-to-I editing events have been identified, their functional mechanisms and clinical relevance remain poorly understood. Here, through whole-transcriptome analysis of NSCLC specimens, we discovered a hyper-editing event at position c.

Dissecting cross-lineage tumourigenesis under p53 inactivation through single-cell multi-omics and spatial transcriptomics.

Background: Tumour suppressor genes, exemplified by TP53 (encoding the human p53), function as critical guardians against tumourigenesis. Germline TP53-inactivating mutations underlie Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a hereditary cancer predisposition disorder characterised by early-onset pan-tissue malignancies. However, the context-dependent tumour-suppressive mechanisms of p53 remain incompletely elucidated.

Enhanced nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands by low-temperature tolerant heterotrophic nitrification bacteria Pseudomonas umsongensis YL-1: Pollutant removal, rhizosphere effects, and bacterial interactions.

Poor microbial and plant activities in constructed wetlands (CWs) in winter reduced nitrogen removal substantially. A novel low-temperature tolerant heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) strain of Pseudomonas umsongensis YL-1, isolated from the rhizosphere of wetland plants, was periodically inoculated into CWs to improve the efficiency of winter nitrogen removal. The removal rates of NH-N and TN in CWs planted with Iris japonica and Lolium perenne L.

Intelligent Detection and Description of Foreign Object Debris on Airport Pavements via Enhanced YOLOv7 and GPT-Based Prompt Engineering.

Foreign Object Debris (FOD) on airport pavements poses a serious threat to aviation safety, making accurate detection and interpretable scene understanding crucial for operational risk management. This paper presents an integrated multi-modal framework that combines an enhanced YOLOv7-X detector, a cascaded YOLO-SAM segmentation module, and a structured prompt engineering mechanism to generate detailed semantic descriptions of detected FOD. Detection performance is improved through the integration of Coordinate Attention, Spatial-Depth Conversion (SPD-Conv), and a Gaussian Similarity IoU (GSIoU) loss, leading to a 3.

Research on Trajectory Tracking Control Method for Wheeled Robots Based on Seabed Soft Slopes on GPSO-MPC.

With advances in underwater exploration and intelligent ocean technologies, wheeled underwater mobile robots are increasingly used for seabed surveying, engineering, and environmental monitoring. However, complex terrains centered on seabed soft slopes-characterized by wheel slippage due to soil deformability and force imbalance arising from slope variations-pose challenges to the accuracy and robustness of trajectory tracking control systems. Model predictive control (MPC), known for predictive optimization and constraint handling, is commonly used in such tasks.

The Effects of Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement Preparation Parameters on Injectability and Compressive Strength for Minimally Invasive Surgery.

Compared with biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and mechanical properties, the poor injectability of calcium phosphate bone cements (CPCs) is always ignored, which actually hinders the development of CPC clinical transfer in minimally invasive orthopedic surgeries. Moreover, currently, CPC preparation in the clinic is labor-intensive and requires well-trained technicists, which might also result in the unstable quality of CPCs. In this work, we focused on three research objectives: (i) introducing a standardized preparation method for CPCs; (ii) studying the effects of preparation parameters on CPC injectability and compressive strength; and (iii) studying the injecting condition effects on CPC injectability, aiming to overcome CPCs' disadvantages in minimally invasive surgeries.

Sputum Microbiota Compositions Correlate With Metabolome and Clinical Outcomes of COPD-Bronchiectasis Association: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Bronchiectasis frequently co-exists with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD-bronchiectasis association [CBA]). We compared the microbiota and metabolome of bronchiectasis with (BO) and without airflow obstruction (BNO), COPD, and CBA. We determined how microbiota compositions correlated with clinical characteristics and exacerbations of CBA.

Efficient Conversion of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid by the Magnetic Laccase Nanoflowers-2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-Oxyl System.

Aiming to address the key challenges of poor enzyme stability, difficult recovery, and difficult synergistic optimization of catalytic efficiency in high-value conversion of biomass, this study utilizes mineralization self-assembly technology to combine laccase with FeO@SiO-PMIDA-Cu composite, constructing magnetic laccase nanoflower (MLac-NFs) materials with a porous structure and superparamagnetism. This synthetic material can efficiently catalyze the selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The characterization results indicated that MLac-NFs exhibit optimal catalytic activity (63.

Molecular characterisation of the genes in and analysis of their expression patterns to temperature and ultraviolet stress.

(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), commonly known as the fall armyworm (FAW), is an invasive pest known for its rapid migration, strong adaptability, and wide host range. Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are a specific class of Hsps associated with the molecular mechanisms of insect growth and development and the response to abiotic stresses, such as extreme temperatures, ultraviolet (UV) rays, and pesticides. Herein, six , and , were successfully cloned and identified from FAW.

Fungal laccase-guided copper nanoflower assembly enables complete conversion of HMF to FDCA.

The growing demand for sustainable biomanufacturing has driven significant interest in 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), a bio-based platform chemical for producing renewable polymers. The eco-friendly oxidoreductase laccase exhibits promising FDCA biosynthesis capacity yet is hampered by pH-dependent activity decay and susceptibility to proteolytic degradation. Herein, we developed a bio-enabled synthesis approach to fabricate three-dimensional laccase-integrated copper hybrid nanoflowers (Lac-NFs) through enzyme-metal coordination-driven self-assembly.

Quercetin promotes angiogenesis and protects the blood-spinal cord barrier structure after spinal cord injury by targeting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Background: Revascularization and reconstruction of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) following spinal cord injury (SCI) play crucial roles in supplying essential nutrients and fostering a supportive microenvironment for neural network reconstruction. Thus, facilitating vascular regeneration and maintaining BSCB integrity are key therapeutic targets for functional recovery post-SCI.

Methods: Ischemia-induced pathological alterations in spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells were modeled in vitro using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-exposed bEnd.

Hierarchical Hydrogen Bond-Metal Coordination for High-Strength, High-Dissipation Elastomers over a Broad Temperature Range.

Developing high-performance elastomers that simultaneously exhibit high strength, excellent elasticity, broad temperature-range damping, and multifunctionality remains a significant challenge in materials science. In this study, a supramolecular polyurethane elastomer (PUTAZn) is successfully synthesized by constructing a hierarchical hydrogen-bonding network via tartaric acid (TA) chain extension and incorporating dynamic zinc ion coordination crosslinking. The hierarchical hydrogen bonds display an ordered, temperature-dependent dissociation behavior and maintain a dynamic balance between dissociation and reformation, leading to a broad damping peak in the Damping factor (tan δ) profile.

The ethnomedicinal, pharmacological, and phytochemical potential of Ferula sinkiangensis K.M.Shen: An updated and comprehensive review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ferula sinkiangensis, commonly known as "Chinese Awei" or "Chinese Ferula", has attracted considerable attention due to its diverse ethnobotanical uses and phytochemical complexity. However, lacking an updated and comprehensive review addressing ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and threats facing this critically endangered medicinal plant of Xinjiang, China.

Aim: This comprehensive review aims to provide an updated, meticulous study of F.

Latent profile analysis of loneliness among elderly people in the community and its relationship with cognitive function.

Objectives: To explore the latent profiles of loneliness in community-dwelling older adults and to explore the relationship between categories and cognitive functioning to inform targeted interventions.

Methods: A survey was conducted on 658 elderly individuals from 9 communities in Henan Province using the Simplified Loneliness Scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. Mplus8.

Knowledge-based trade-off prediction for NSCLC treatment planning using multi-output regression.

Background: Knowledge-based planning (KBP) is a data-driven approach that utilizes the knowledge from previous high-quality treatment plans to predict dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters for organs-at-risk (OARs) in new cases. Research has demonstrated that KBP enhances plan quality, minimizes inter-patient and inter-institution variability, and significantly boosts time efficiency. However, current state-of-the-art KBP approaches only generate one set of planning goals for one point on the Pareto optimal surface without considering potential planning trade-offs.

Current status and influencing factors of blue carbon in seagrass beds: An extensive survey and comprehensive analysis in the Yellow and Bohai Seas, China.

Seagrass beds constitute a unique blue carbon ecosystem that mitigates climate change by capturing and sequestering CO over extended periods. Despite being recognized as potent carbon sinks, there is still limited information on the quantification, regional variability, and drivers influencing their blue carbon stocks. In this study, we established 108 sampling sites to estimate organic carbon (C), sediment accumulation rates (SARs), and carbon accumulation rates (CARs) across 13 seagrass beds located in the Yellow and Bohai Seas of China.

A multifunctional hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing by remodeling iron balance and energy metabolism.

Patients with diabetes often exhibit delayed wound healing, which is characterized by the endothelial cells dysfunction and excessive accumulation of free tissue iron. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, though its role in angiogenesis under hyperglycemia remains unknown. In this study, we revealed a distinct ferroptosis-associated metabolic phenotype in endothelial cells derived from unhealed diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and under high glucose exposure in vitro, marked by elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and impaired mitochondrial function.

Coupling electrooxidation-coagulation with membrane distillation using recycled Al can cathodes for sustainable landfill leachate treatment: Fouling control and mechanism insights.

Landfill leachate (LFL) is a complex wastewater with high concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants, posing significant environmental challenges. While membrane distillation (MD) is an effective method for LFL treatment, membrane fouling remains a major issue, leading to reduced permeate flux and performance. This study introduces an integrated in-situ hybrid electrochemical pretreatment system, combining anodic electrooxidation (EO) and cathodic Al coagulation (EOC), where the generation of OH⁻ ions at the cathode drives the dissolution of aluminum, forming Al(OH)₃ coagulants that facilitate coagulation, to enhance LFL treatment in MD.