Leptin aggravates house dust mite-induced airway inflammation by accelerating macrophage necroptosis.

Background: Leptin is a proinflammatory adipokine asthmatic biomarker and macrophage necroptosis are previously reported to be involved in asthmatic airway inflammation. However, whether leptin worsen airway inflammation via mediating macrophage necroptosis remains elusive. We investigated the role of the leptin on regulating macrophage necroptosis in the development of asthma.

Multilevel white matter degeneration associated cognitive dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the prodromal stage of dementia, is characterized by cognitive dysfunction and white matter (WM) disruption. To investigate the WM microstructure degeneration at different scales in MCI, the orientation-sensitive fixel-based analysis was performed with fixelwise, fiberwise fiber-specific measures in 50 patients with MCI compared to 75 healthy controls. Moreover, to clarify the patterns of the organization operating at different scales in MCI, the potential mediated effects of structural connectome in networkwise on the associations between microstructure alterations of 24 anatomical tracts and cognitive dysfunction were analyzed.

Latent profile analysis of loneliness among elderly people in the community and its relationship with cognitive function.

Objectives: To explore the latent profiles of loneliness in community-dwelling older adults and to explore the relationship between categories and cognitive functioning to inform targeted interventions.

Methods: A survey was conducted on 658 elderly individuals from 9 communities in Henan Province using the Simplified Loneliness Scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. Mplus8.

Exploring SERS methods for rapid determination of ofloxacin residues in egg white.

In this investigation, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with multivariate analysis was investigated for detection and characterization of ofloxacin residues in egg white. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were meticulously synthesized to serve as the substrate for enhancing Raman signals, its average particle size was approximates 50 nm, and a significant absorption peak appears at 536 nm. The SERS characteristic peaks of ofloxacin were conducted using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Combined Flt3L and CD40 agonism restores dendritic cell-driven T cell immunity in pancreatic cancer.

T cell-directed immunotherapies have largely failed to slow progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) because of poor tumor antigenicity and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We hypothesized that conventional dendritic cell (cDC) suppression in PDAC may further impair tumor immunity. We found that low tissue expression of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) partially underlies cDC deficits.

Assessing the Global Burden of Rotavirus-Induced Diarrheal Diseases: Trends From 1990 to 2021 and Projections for 2050.

This study utilizes Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2021 data to analyze trends and predictions related to rotavirus-induced diarrheal diseases. We extracted data from GBD 2021 to assess overall and regional trends in rotavirus-induced diarrheal diseases. We calculated relative risks associated with age, period, and birth cohort, and fitted curves relating disease burden to the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) for various countries, with predictions extending to 2050.

Improving Medication Adherence and Lifestyle Changes: An Image-Based Educational Tool for Patients with Heart Failure.

Background: A lack of disease-specific knowledge in heart failure (HF) patients is associated with poor adherence to complex medication regimens and non-pharmacological recommendations, especially among individuals with low health literacy. Existing educational tools have been shown to be inadequate, highlighting the need for more accessible and effective alternatives.

Purpose: To develop an educational tool that improves HF knowledge in a more accessible and effective way.

Academic stress and irregular menstruation influence the dysmenorrhea, school absenteeism and healthcare seeking among adolescent girls in junior high school in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a cramping pain during menstrual period and the leading cause for recurrent short-term school absenteeism among adolescent girls. However, evidence on the factors associated with the occurrence of dysmenorrhea, school absenteeism and health care seeking behavior among adolescent girls is still limited, especially in China. This study aim to understand the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and to explore factors associated with the school absenteeism and healthcare seeking habit among adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea.

Highly active and reversible NiPSe anode for sodium-ion batteries: enabling ultrafast sodium storage with exceptional cycling stability.

NiPSe exhibits considerable potential as an electrode material for ion batteries due to its low spin-polarization effect, large interlayer spacing, and high intrinsic conductivity, although its ion storage capabilities have not been previously investigated. In this study, two-dimensional NiPSe synthesized via chemical vapor transport is demonstrated to possess exceptional rate capability and ultralong cycling stability, delivering reversible capacities of 277.3 mA h g after 5000 cycles at 20 A g and 249.

Spatial proteomics reveals multiple mechanisms of mitochondrial damage in renal tubules during sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a common critical illness in clinical practice with a high mortality rate and is closely related to the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients. The microstructure of the kidney is highly complex, and targeted proteomic analysis of renal tubules can help us study the pathological process of SA-AKI. In the present study, we accurately separated, collected, and compared the proximal tubular structures of mice with SA-AKI and healthy mice using spatial proteomics and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques.

Recovery and Resource Utilization of Spent Hydrogenation Catalysts A Review.

In consequence of the escalating utilization of hydrogenation catalysts in petroleum, one of the world's three primary energy sources, there has been a concomitant increase in the quantity of deactivated spent catalysts. As a hazardous waste material that poses a threat to human health and environmental safety, the recovery of valuable metals from these catalysts presents an environmentally friendly approach that aligns with the principles of a circular economy. The present study focuses on the efficient utilization of spent hydrogenation catalysts.

Activating HS into Polysulfide by Citric Acid-Induced Surface-Active Oxygen in Cu-OMS-2 for Enhanced Oxidation of Hg at Ambient Temperature.

Capturing mercury (Hg) in raw natural gas is crucial for the stable operation of natural gas purification systems. However, achieving direct oxidation removal of Hg in a reducing atmosphere at ambient temperature presents a significant challenge. In this study, we designed a Cu-doped OMS-2 sorbent, synthesized with citric acid (CA) assistance, which demonstrated exceptional Hg removal performance in simulated natural gas at ambient temperature.

Heterogeneity of Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Pneumonitis: A Multicenter Study on Inflammatory Subtypes and Clinical Outcomes.

Introduction: Checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis (CIP) is a serious manifestation following tumor immunotherapy, typically mediated by T lymphocytes. However, the heterogeneity in blood inflammatory profiles and its implications on clinical characteristics and outcomes for CIP remain underexplored.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 113 CIP patients without pathogen infection, aiming to classify CIP based on peripheral blood immune cell percentages.

Synergistic platinum nanoparticles and iron-nitrogen sites in nitrogen-doped iron phosphate for enhanced chemoselective hydrogenation.

Nitrogen (N)-doped catalysts have garnered widespread attention in hydrogenation reactions. Nevertheless, N incorporation within phosphate-based supports remains largely unexplored. Herein, N-doped iron phosphate-supported platinum (Pt) catalysts were synthesized via ammonia gas treatment.

Evaluation of PCV2 vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy using ELISpot to detect virus-specific memory B cells.

Background: Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). Nevertheless, pig farms face significant challenges in evaluating vaccination efficacy due to the inability of PCV2 vaccines to achieve sterilizing immunity and the variability among vaccine manufacturers. These challenges are further compounded by the limitations of conventional antibody detection methods, which fail to distinguish between maternally-derived antibodies (MDAs) and vaccine-induced antibodies.

Prediction of postoperative complications in patients undergoing head and neck surgery with free-flap reconstruction.

Head and neck surgery with free-flap reconstruction (FFR) is associated with postoperative complications (PCs), which may affect the short and long-term prognosis of patients. This study aimed to propose a new model to predict the risk of PCs after head and neck surgery with FFR. A retrospective analysis was performed on 528 patients undergoing head and neck surgery with FFR between March 2020 and June 2022 in a tertiary head and neck centre.

Electronic Effect of Self-Assembled Molecules on Buried Interface Recombination in n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells.

Interfacial recombination at the defective buried interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has long been a persistent and formidable challenge. Introducing molecular bridge via self-assembled molecules (SAMs) offers an effective strategy to mitigate this issue, primarily by chemically passivating interfacial defects that cause nonradiative recombination. However, the influence of SAMs on radiative recombination is often overlooked.

Development and Validation of a Predictive Nomogram for Intraoperative Hypothermia in Elderly Patients Undergoing Da Vinci Robot-Assisted Urological Tumor Resection: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

This study aims to construct a Nomogram for intraoperative hypothermia (IH) in elderly patients undergoing robot-assisted urological tumor resection (RAUTR) and to evaluate the effect of the model by internal and external validation. Using convenient sampling to enroll patients in a large hospital from February 2022 to July 2024 as the modeling and validation cohort. Identifying the independent risk factors for IH by univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and developing a Nomogram by the R software.

Evaluating the Impact of Oral Contraceptives on Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

The relationship between oral contraceptive (OC) use and pancreatic cancer (PC) risk remains controversial, with inconsistent findings reported in observational studies. To clarify this relationship and better identify potential risk factors for PC prevention, more unbiased and robust approaches are needed. We investigated the potential causal relationship between OC use and PC risk using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, with blood protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) as instrumental variables.

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Complex Oxidative Damage Mechanisms in Rice Seedling Roots Under Different Carbonate Stresses.

Alkaline stress (AS) is one of the major threats that severely affects rice growth and grain yield. However, the differences in the damage caused by the main components of soda saline-alkali land, sodium carbonate (NaCO), and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) to rice seedlings are still unclear. This study explored the effects of different carbonate stresses (NaCO and NaHCO) on rice seedling growth, root damage, physiological responses, and molecular changes.

AtDIVARICATA1 promotes flowering through regulating flowering integrators and GA biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

Arabidopsis R-R-type MYB-like transcription factors AtDIV1 and AtDIV2 (DIVARICATAs) act as critical participants in response to salinity stress. However, their functions in flowering transition are unknown. Here, we reported the function of AtDIV1 in flowering regulation.

Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of pharmacological agents targeting inflammasomes.

Recent high-impact research has significantly advanced our understanding of inflammasomes as therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases. Breakthrough studies have revealed new mechanisms of inflammasome regulation and innovative inhibition approaches. A key discovery identified NEK7 as an essential component for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, providing a new target for therapeutic intervention.

Construction of a checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonia diagnostic model based on exhaled nitric oxide: a prospective observational study.

Background: Checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonia (CIP) is a complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with high mortality. There is still a lack of effective biomarkers to identify CIP. Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), an airway inflammatory marker, can be obtained by non-invasive methods, but its value in CIP is unknown.

Effect of Oxygen Vacancy Concentration on the Electrical Properties and Microstructure of Ceramics: Experimental and First-Principles Investigation.

This paper investigates the impact of sintering temperature on oxygen vacancy concentration and its subsequent effect on the microstructure and electrical properties of Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramics. To further clarify these effects, VASP software was employed to simulate BIT ceramics with varying oxygen vacancy concentrations.The experimental results demonstrate that sintering temperature significantly influences the oxygen vacancy concentration.

Comprehensive analyses of telomerase component DKC1 and its association with clinical, molecular and immune landscapes in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma.

Background: Telomerase activation is essential to malignant transformation and progression including uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), while telomerase co-factor DKC1-mediated RNA pseudouridylation is required for functional telomerase by stabilizing telomerase RNA component (TERC) and its upregulation occurs in many cancers. Surprisingly, there is only one publication studying DKC1 in UCEC, which shows its significant downregulation.

Objective: DKC1 expression, its role in the UCEC molecular pathogenesis and clinical implications were comprehensively investigated.