Leptin aggravates house dust mite-induced airway inflammation by accelerating macrophage necroptosis.

Background: Leptin is a proinflammatory adipokine asthmatic biomarker and macrophage necroptosis are previously reported to be involved in asthmatic airway inflammation. However, whether leptin worsen airway inflammation via mediating macrophage necroptosis remains elusive. We investigated the role of the leptin on regulating macrophage necroptosis in the development of asthma.

Short-term marine heatwaves have a limited impact on the lignocellulose of Thalassia hemprichii seagrass plant.

Short-term marine heatwaves, driven by global climate change, frequently occur in coastal areas and increasingly threaten seagrass meadows by raising temperatures, which impair their ecological functions. Lignocellulose, a key component of plant cell walls, is crucial for maintaining plant morphology and resilience. However, empirical evidence on the response of seagrass lignocellulose to short-term marine heatwaves is limited.

Gα signaling in primary sensory neurons shifts opioid analgesia to NMDA receptor-driven tolerance and hyperalgesia.

Opioids relieve pain by activating μ-opioid receptors (MORs), which inhibit communication between pain-sensing neurons (nociceptors) and the spinal cord. However, prolonged opioid use can paradoxically lead to increased pain sensitivity (hyperalgesia) and reduced analgesic efficacy (tolerance), partly because of the activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) at the central terminals of primary sensory neurons in the spinal cord. Here, we identified a critical role for the G protein Gα in this paradox.

Prognostic Value of Ubiquitination-Related Genes in Ovarian Cancer and Their Correlation With Tumor Immunity.

Numerous studies have emphasized the importance of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in the malignant progression of ovarian cancer (OC). However, whether ubiquitination-related genes (UbRGs) can be used to predict the prognosis of OC remains to be revealed. Patients with OC were divided into two clusters based on the expression of UbRGs, and prognosis was compared between the two clusters.

Integrative multi-omics and bioinformatics analysis of the effects of BaiRui YuPingFeng Powder on intestinal health in broilers.

Introduction: In recent years, global poultry consumption has increased rapidly, making chicken the most widely consumed meat worldwide by 2019. To increase livestock development, antibiotics are often added to animal feed as growth promoters. But overuse of antibiotics may alter the gut microbiota, make people more resistant to them, and raise the possibility that they will spread antibiotic resistance genes to the human microbiome.

Effects of Different Modified Biochars on Growth of and Corresponding Transcriptome Analysis.

Modified biochar can effectively improve the quality and environment of coastal saline-alkali soil, but its effects on the growth and development of halophytes and its mechanism are still unclear. This study systematically evaluated the growth-promoting effects and preliminary mechanisms of HPO-modified biochar (HBC) and HPO-kaolinite-biochar composite (HBCK) on the economically important halophyte . The results demonstrated that the application of HBC/HBCK significantly enhanced plant growth, resulting in increases of over 55% in plant height and greater than 100% in biomass relative to the control.

Confidence-aware adaptive fusion leaning of imbalance multi-modal data for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

The effective fusion of pathological images and molecular omics holds significant potential for precision medicine. However, pathological and molecular data are highly heterogeneous, and large-scale multi-modal cancer data often suffer from incomplete information. Predicting clinical tasks from such imbalanced multi-modal data presents a major challenge.

Real-Time Probing of Morphological Evolution and Recrystallization During Solvent Annealing in Blade-Coated All-Polymer Organic Solar Cells Using In Situ X-Ray Scattering.

Optimizing the morphology of the active layer is crucial for achieving high photovoltaic conversion efficiency in all-polymer solar cells (APSCs). Solvent vapor annealing (SVA) is an essential post-treatment strategy for controlling active layer morphology. However, most current SVA are conducted ex situ, limiting their ability to accurately reveal the morphological evolution of active layers of APSCs.

Characterization, thermostable mechanism, and molecular docking of a novel glucose-tolerant -glucosidase/-galactosidase from the GH1 family isolated from Rehai hot spring.

Introduction: As a renewable alternative to fossil fuels, second-generation bioethanol production relies heavily on efficient lignocellulose conversion, with -glucosidase playing a critical role.

Methods: This study focused on the -glucosidase gene discovered in the Tengchong Rehai metagenome. The recombinant enzyme Y50Bg4 was obtained through PCR amplification, cloning, and expression.

Systemic Acetylome Analysis of Evolution in Fluconazole Resistance .

is an opportunistic pathogen and has become a globally clinical concern due to multidrug resistance. In this study, we generated a series of strains (CF2, -3, -4, -5, and -6) with elevated MIC of fluconazole from CF1 by gradually increasing fluconazole concentration. Employing 4D label-free proteomics, we explored the contributions of acetylome alterations to the evolution of fluconazole resistance in .

Potential role of lysine acetylation in the stepwise adaptation of to fluconazole.

Unlabelled: is an opportunistic fungal pathogen capable of causing superficial mucosal and systemic infections, sometimes leading to life-threatening conditions. The increasing resistance of to azole antifungals has become a significant challenge in clinical treatment. Lysine acetylation (KAc) is a well-studied post-translational modification that plays crucial roles in various biological processes.

Gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acids associated with the efficacy of growth hormone treatment in children with short stature.

Objective: To investigate associations between fecal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and the efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) or idiopathic short stature (ISS).

Methods: A 2-phase cohort study was conducted. Phase I included 102 participants (GHD:  = 33, ISS:  = 28, controls:  = 41) for cross-sectional analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics to compare microbial diversity, predicted metabolic pathways, and SCFA levels.

The impact of inflammatory bowel disease on dementia risk: a current systematic review and meta-analysis.

Emerging evidence indicates that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and dementia may share underlying pathological mechanisms and risk factors. However, the association between a prior IBD diagnosis and the subsequent risk of dementia remains largely unexplored. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to February 4, 2025, without language restrictions.

α2δ-1-Linked NMDA and AMPA Receptors in Neuropathic Pain and Gabapentinoid Action.

Chronic neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition that presents a significant therapeutic challenge. Unlike nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain is predominantly driven by glutamate NMDA receptors (NMDARs) and/or Ca-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) at synapses between primary afferent nerves and excitatory neurons in the spinal dorsal horn. The α2δ-1 protein, encoded by Cacna2d1 and historically recognized as a subunit of voltage-activated Ca channels, is the primary target of gabapentinoids, such as gabapentin and pregabalin, which are widely prescribed for neuropathic pain and epilepsy.

Thesium chinense Turcz. and its compound astragalin alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via the PI3K/AKT/p53 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Thesium chinense Turcz. (TCT) is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant commonly used in clinical practice for respiratory diseases, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the mechanisms by which TCT alleviates acute lung injury (ALI) remain not fully understood.

[ Turcz. alleviates antibiotic-associated diarrhea in mice by modulating gut microbiota structure and regulating the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway].

Objectives: To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Turcz. (TCT) for antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD).

Methods: Network pharmacology, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and molecular docking were used to identify the shared targets and genes of TCT and AAD, the key signaling pathways and the binding between the active components in TCT and the core protein targets.

Role of the Gut-Lung Microbiome Axis in Airway Inflammation in OVA-Challenged Mice and the Effect of Azithromycin.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of the gut-lung microbiome axis in airway inflammation in asthma and to evaluate the effect of azithromycin on this axis, with a focus on the potential mechanism by which azithromycin reduces allergic airway inflammation.

Methods: Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining were used to assess pathological changes in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice. Leukocyte cell types in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were quantified following Wright-Giemsa staining.

PnNAC03 from Panax notoginseng functions in positively regulating saponins and lignin biosynthesis during cell wall formation.

PnNAC03 positively regulates saponin biosynthesis and lignin accumulation during secondary cell wall formation by directly binding to the promoters of key saponin and lignin biosynthetic genes. The NAC transcription factor family plays a crucial role in the regulation of secondary metabolites biosynthesis. Saponins are the major bioactive compounds for Panax notoginseng, which is a world-globally recognized medicinal plant and possesses multiple pharmacological activities.

Unleashing the power of urine‑based biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of bladder cancer (Review).

Bladder cancer (BCa) is a prevalent malignant neoplasm of the urinary tract with high incidence rate, frequent recurrence and rapid disease progression. Conventional approaches for diagnosing, prognosticating and monitoring BCa often rely on invasive procedures such as cystoscopy and tissue biopsy, which are associated with high costs and low patient compliance for follow‑up. Liquid biopsies have advantages, such as being non‑invasive, real‑time, and reproducible, in obtaining diverse biomarkers derived from cellular, molecular, proteomic and genetic signatures in urine or plasma samples.

Histone Methyltransferase G9a in Primary Sensory Neurons Promotes Inflammatory Pain and Transcription of and via Bivalent Histone Modifications.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels are crucial for detecting and transmitting nociceptive stimuli. Inflammatory pain is associated with sustained increases in TRPA1 and TRPV1 expression in primary sensory neurons. However, the epigenetic mechanisms driving this upregulation remain unknown.

Photo-curing hyaluronic acid-Janus antibacterial packs as O generator precisely modulate the infectious microenvironment for antibiotic-free periodontal therapy.

Periodontal disease stands the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. While scaling and root planning is considered the "gold standard" treatment, it is often insufficient in efficiently eliminating anaerobic bacteria from deep periodontal pockets. In this work, an antibiotic-free and photo-curing hyaluronic acid-Janus (H-Janus) antibacterial pack was developed to inhibit the growth and colonization of residual bacteria within the pockets for reducing the recurrence of periodontitis.