Pyrolysis of three typical halophytes and their blends from coastal saline-alkali lands: Pyrolysis behaviors, kinetics and thermodynamics.

Large amounts of halophyte biomass is generated from coastal saline-alkali lands. However, most of this biomass is not utilized effectively, resulting in resource waste and environmental pollution. In this study, the pyrolysis characteristics of three halophyte species (Tamarixchinensis-TC,Phragmitesaustralis-PA, and Suaedaglauca-SG) and their blends were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate their bioenergy potential.

Effects of Different Modified Biochars on Growth of and Corresponding Transcriptome Analysis.

Modified biochar can effectively improve the quality and environment of coastal saline-alkali soil, but its effects on the growth and development of halophytes and its mechanism are still unclear. This study systematically evaluated the growth-promoting effects and preliminary mechanisms of HPO-modified biochar (HBC) and HPO-kaolinite-biochar composite (HBCK) on the economically important halophyte . The results demonstrated that the application of HBC/HBCK significantly enhanced plant growth, resulting in increases of over 55% in plant height and greater than 100% in biomass relative to the control.

Complementary Rhizosphere Microbial Strategies Drive Functional Specialization in Coastal Halophyte Succession: Differential Adaptation of and to Saline-Alkali Stress.

While rhizosphere microbiome functions in saline soils are well documented, complementary microbial strategies between pioneer and late-successional halophytes remain unexplored. Here, we used 16S rRNA sequencing and FAPROTAX functional prediction to compare the rhizosphere bacterial communities of two key halophytes- and -in a reclaimed coastal wetland. The results demonstrate that both plants significantly restructured microbial communities through convergent enrichment of stress-tolerant taxa (, , , and ) while suppressing sulfur-oxidizing bacteria ( and ).

Oral-gut axis in inflammation: periodontitis exacerbates ulcerative colitis via microbial dysbiosis and barrier disruption.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, having significant impact on systemic conditions. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder of the intestines. Studies have suggested a potential association between periodontitis and UC.

Effect of Subanesthetic Dose of Esketamine on Liver Function Following Microvascular Reconstruction for Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Abnormal liver function is common post-surgery and is linked to poor prognosis. We investigated whether intraoperative subanesthetic esketamine could improve postoperative liver function and recovery quality by reducing surgery-induced inflammation in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Patients And Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 172 hNSCC patients were randomly assigned to receive esketamine or saline intravenously.

Breaking the Recycling Bottleneck of Thermosets via Bio-Tailoring Technology.

Thermosets present significant recycling challenges due to irreversible chemical crosslinking, resulting in resource waste and environmental pollution. This paper introduces a new strategy for designing thermosets with excellent recycling properties driven by Bio-Tailoring technology, achieving amazing green sustainable development. These thermosets are a class of infusible and insoluble polymers owing to chemical crosslinking.

Aflatoxin B1 exposure induces Alzheimer's disease like pathology by disrupting redox homeostasis and activating ferroptotic signals in C57BL/6 J mice.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most toxic mycotoxins with neurotoxicity. Human exposure to AFB1 via contaminated foodstuffs has been linked to the risk of cognitive impairment, which may contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of AD in relation to AFB1 exposure is not clear.

Plant growth-promoting effects and possible mechanisms of a plant endophytic fungus Aureobasidium sp. JRF1.

Endophytic fungi can establish symbiosis with host plant and promote plant growth in a sustainable way. In this study, a previously-isolated plant growth-promoting endophytic fungus JRF1 was deeply studied. JRF1 could colonize Arabidopsis and tomato seedlings and promote their growth.

Phenylalanine metabolism-dependent lignification confers rhizobacterium-induced plant resistance.

Phenylalanine metabolism serves as an important route for the production of diverse secondary metabolites including phenylpropanoids. The phenylpropanoid pathway is involved in plant immunity, but whether it can regulate rhizobacteria-induced resistance is poorly understood. In this study, we confirmed a growth-promoting rhizobacterium strain JR48 could induce resistance, strengthen salicylic acid (SA) signaling, and increase lignin content during Phytophthora capsici infection.

Gradient Design with Low-Tortuosity Overcoming Kinetic Limitations in High-Loading Solid-State Cathodes.

The extensive commercialization of practical solid-state batteries (SSBs) necessitates the development of high-loading solid-state cathodes with fast charging capability. However, electrochemical kinetics are severely delayed in thick cathodes due to tortuous ion transport pathways and slow solid-solid ion diffusion, which limit the achievable capacity of SSBs at high current densities. In this work, we propose a conductivity gradient cathode with low-tortuosity to enable facile ion transport and counterbalance ion concentration gradient, thereby overcoming the kinetic limitations and achieving fast charging capabilities in thick cathodes.

Aiding Diagnosis and Classifying of Early Stage Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head with Convolutional Neural Network Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Introduction: The Steinberg classification system is commonly used by orthopedic surgeons to stage the severity of patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), and it includes mild, moderate, and severe grading of each stage based on the area of the femoral head affected. However, clinicians mostly grade approximately by visual assessment or not at all. To accurately distinguish the mild, moderate, or severe grade of early stage ONFH, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hip joint of patients to accurately grade and aid diagnosis of ONFH.

Metabolism-Based Herbicide Resistance to Mesosulfuron-methyl and Identification of Candidate Genes in .

The evolved resistance of Houtt. to ALS-inhibiting herbicides is well established. Previous studies have primarily focused on target-site resistance; however, non-target-site resistance has not been well characterized.

Electrocatalytic Generation of Singlet Oxygen via ROS-Mediated Redox Chain Reaction for Efficient Disinfection.

The risk of harmful microorganisms to ecosystems and human health has stimulated exploration of singlet oxygen (O)-based disinfection. It can be potentially generated via an electrocatalytic process, but is limited by the low production yield and unclear intermediate-mediated mechanism. Herein, we designed a two-site catalyst (Fe/Mo-N/C) for the selective O generation.

Biochar Loaded with a Bacterial Strain N33 Facilitates Pecan Seedling Growth and Shapes Rhizosphere Microbial Community.

Biochar and beneficial microorganisms have been widely used in ecological agriculture. However, the impact of biochar loaded with microbes (BM) on plant growth remains to be understood. In this study, BM was produced by incubating pecan biochar with the bacterial strain N33, and the effects of BM on pecan growth and the microbial community in the rhizosphere were explored.

Validation of numerical simulations and experiments on impulse characteristics induced by self-excited oscillation.

The high-frequency pulse flow, equivalent to the natural frequency of rocks, is generated by a self-excited oscillating cavity to achieve resonance rock-breaking. The flow field and oscillating mechanism of the self-excited oscillating cavity were simulated using the large eddy simulation method of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). A field-scale testing apparatus was developed to investigate the impulse characteristics and verify the simulation results.

Identification and Characterization of a Plant Endophytic Fungus sp. JRF11 and Its Growth-Promoting Effects.

Endophytic fungi establish mutualistic relationships with host plants and can promote the growth and development of plants. In this study, the endophytic fungus JRF11 was isolated from . Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and gene combined with colonial and conidial morphology identified JRF11 as a strain.

Nanozyme with tailored selectivity and highly catalytic activity for efficient sensing of endotoxin and sourcing gram-negative bacteria.

Endotoxin detection is important for determining bacterial contamination and infection in fields of food, pharmaceutical and clinical disease diagnosis. The horseshoe crab deformed cell lysate analysis is regarded as the gold-standard method, but the endangered and high-cost horseshoe crab animals required in sensing process further raise animal ethical issues and hinder their applications. The colorimetric methods based on nanozymes are simple and economical, but the low selectivity and sensitivity are still the bottleneck for their further application.

Behavioral and molecular response of the insect parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae to plant volatiles.

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) use the chemical cues emitted by insects and insect-damaged plants to locate their hosts. Steinernema carpocapsae, a species of EPN, is an established biocontrol agent used against insect pests. Despite its promising potential, the molecular mechanisms underlying its ability to detect plant volatiles remain poorly understood.

Effective automatic detection of anterior cruciate ligament injury using convolutional neural network with two attention mechanism modules.

Background: To develop a fully automated CNN detection system based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for ACL injury, and to explore the feasibility of CNN for ACL injury detection on MRI images.

Methods: Including 313 patients aged 16 - 65 years old, the raw data are 368 pieces with injured ACL and 100 pieces with intact ACL. By adding flipping, rotation, scaling and other methods to expand the data, the final data set is 630 pieces including 355 pieces of injured ACL and 275 pieces of intact ACL.

Visual Cascaded-Progressive Convolutional Neural Network (C-PCNN) for Diagnosis of Meniscus Injury.

Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a novel automatic convolutional neural network (CNN) that aids in the diagnosis of meniscus injury, while enabling the visualization of lesion characteristics. This will improve the accuracy and reduce diagnosis times.

Methods: We presented a cascaded-progressive convolutional neural network (C-PCNN) method for diagnosing meniscus injuries using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

N4-acetylation of cytidine in mRNA plays essential roles in plants.

The biological function of RNA can be modulated by base modifications. Here, we unveiled the occurrence of N4-acetylation of cytidine in plant RNA, including mRNA, by employing LC-MS/MS and acRIP-seq. We identified 325 acetylated transcripts from the leaves of 4-week-old Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants and determined that 2 partially redundant N-ACETYLTRANSFERASEs FOR CYTIDINE IN RNA (ACYR1 and ACYR2), which are homologous to mammalian NAT10, are required for acetylating RNA in vivo.