Chronically Stable, High-Resolution Micro-Electrocorticographic Brain-Computer Interfaces for Real-Time Motor Decoding.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable communication between individuals and computers or other assistive devices by decoding brain activity, thereby reconstructing speech and motor functions for patients with neurological disorders. This study presents a high-resolution micro-electrocorticography (µECoG) BCI based on a flexible, high-density µECoG electrode array, capable of chronically stable and real-time motor decoding. Leveraging micro-nano manufacturing technology, the µECoG BCI achieves a 64-fold increase in electrode density compared to conventional clinical electrode arrays, enhancing spatial resolution while featuring scalability.

MyoAnalyst: an ImageJ plugin for accurate and automatic myofiber segmentation and analysis in skeletal muscle cross sections.

Quantifying myofiber size is essential for assessing the health and function of skeletal muscle. Although several ImageJ plugins are currently available for myofiber segmentation and size quantification, significant challenges remain-most notably limited accuracy and poor compatibility with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained skeletal muscle cross sections. In this study, we introduce MyoAnalyst, an ImageJ plugin designed to enable automated analysis of both immunofluorescence (IF)- and H&E-stained skeletal muscle cross sections.

The B-box transcription factor BBX5 enhances UV-B resistance by promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light, a natural component of sunlight, plays a crucial role in the regulation of plant growth and development. B-box (BBX) proteins are zinc-finger transcription factors essential for plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stress. The role of BBX5 in UV-B stress responses has not been previously identified.

Identification of four autophagy-related genetic variants as risk factors for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

We investigated the influence of 55,583 autophagy-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) risk across four independent populations comprising 5,472 CLL cases and 726,465 controls. We also examined their impact on overall survival (OS), time to first treatment (TTFT), autophagy flux, and immune responses. A meta-analysis of the four populations identified, for the first time, significant associations between CDKN2A (rs3731204) and BCL2 (rs4940571, rs12457371, rs1026825) SNPs and CLL risk, with CDKN2A showing the strongest association (p=1.

Genetic predisposition to immune dysregulation and extracellular matrix remodeling in cardiac arrhythmia reveals potential mediation by + macrophages.

Introduction: Cardiac arrhythmia frequently co-presents with structural abnormalities such as cardiomyopathy and myocardial fibrosis, creating a bidirectional relationship where electrical disturbances and structural remodeling exacerbate each other. Current genetic studies focus on ion channel variants, which explain part of the etiology. Molecular mechanisms underlying arrhythmias pathogenesis and its progression warrant further investigation.

Improving tuberculosis treatment adherence: a qualitative study of patients' perspectives from a pragmatic trial of the tuberculosis treatment support tools intervention.

Objective: To explore patient perspectives on using a digital adherence technology (DAT) for tuberculosis (TB) treatment, specifically, the TB Treatment Support Tools (TB-TST) intervention, which integrates a mobile app designed to enhance patient-centred support, monitoring and communication, alongside a drug metabolite test.

Design: Qualitative study conducted as part of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Setting And Participants: Four public reference hospitals in Argentina.

Standalone anteroposterior contrast spread pattern is insufficient to distinguish lumbar epidural from extradural spread: A prospective study.

Background: There is debate about whether a standalone anteroposterior (AP) view can distinguish epidural contrast from non-epidural contrast spread.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the accuracy of the AP (anteroposterior) and Contralateral Oblique (CLO) views in distinguishing epidural contrast spread patterns from non-epidural contrast spread patterns.

Methods: Patients undergoing lumbar epidural steroid injections consented to participate in the study.

Advancements in extracellular vesicle therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases represent a significant and growing challenge to public health worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies often fall short in halting or reversing disease progression, highlighting the urgent need for novel approaches. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered attention as potential therapeutic agents due to their role in intercellular communication and their ability to transport bioactive cargo, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids.

IMM-H007 promotes hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism by activating AMPK to attenuate hypercholesterolemia.

Hypercholesterolemia is a significant risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. 2',3',5'-Tri--acetyl- -(3-hydroxyphenyl) adenosine (IMM-H007), a novel AMPK agonist, has shown protective effects in metabolic diseases. However, its impact on cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism in hypercholesterolemia remains unclear.

A First-Principles Screening for Axial Ligand Regulation of Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Dual-Metal Atomic Catalysts (MMN‑R).

A primary challenge in the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) is the rational design and engineering of high-efficiency electrocatalysts. A series of MMN catalysts (MM = NiNi, CoNi, CoFe, CoCo) with precisely tailored axial ligands (R = -OH, -COH, -CN) have been high-throughput screened out to exhibit optimal electrocatalytic activity, which is extended to further estimate their CORR performance in this work. The adsorption energies of three distinct ligands at the M-M bridge site are evaluated to quantitatively assess the ligand stabilization.

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstruction in Uniportal Thoracoscopic Segmentectomy: A Propensity Score-matched Analysis.

ObjectivesGiven the complexity of vascular and bronchial variations during segmental resection, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction has been proposed as an effective tool to address anatomical challenges in segmentectomy. This study aims to evaluate the utility of 3D reconstruction in enhancing anatomical comprehension, optimizing surgical planning, and improving perioperative outcomes.MethodsFrom December 2022 to March 2024, clinical data of 141 patients who underwent uniportal thoracoscopic pulmonary segmentectomy were gathered.

Repeated intravenous transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells does not promote tumorigenesis in EGFR-mutated lung cancer mice.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are extensively studied in clinical trials for their potential therapeutic applications in degenerative and inflammatory diseases and disorders. Despite the lack of clinical evidence indicating that MSCs induce carcinogenesis, the immunosuppressive and proangiogenic functions of MSCs are considered as potential risks involving immune escape and tumor occurrence in programming tumor microenvironment. Previously, many groups had studied the tumorigenic safety of MSCs, but most of these studies were modeled in immuno-deficient mice with different types and sources of transplanted tumors, leaving varied and controversial conclusions.

Programmable and Unidirectional Liquid Self-Transport on Modular Fluidic Units.

The precise control of liquids is essential for both organisms in harsh environments and human society. However, current nature-inspired fluidic systems, especially liquid self-transport on open-surfaces, lack programmability due to their inherent fixed structures, and freely integrating such interfaces remains challenging. Here, modular fluidic units (MFUs) enabling real-time reconfiguration of pathways through the simple assembly and disassembly of joint structures are presented.

Associations between NETosis-related genes and 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis: An observational retrospective study and bioinformatic analysis.

ObjectiveSepsis, a systemic inflammatory response triggered by infection, is characterized by organ dysfunction. NETosis, a form of cell death involving the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), plays a crucial antimicrobial role during sepsis. This study aimed to explore the relationship between NETosis-related genes (NRGs) and 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis.

Bacteriophage immunotherapy with artificial antigen-directed immune labeling against bacterial infection.

Bacteriophage therapy has been recognized as a promising anti-infection alternative, while its clinical therapeutic outcomes are compromised due to the development of bacterial resistance, ongoing host immune dysfunction at infection sites, and their failure to adequately revitalize host immunity. Here, we present a strategy for artificial antigen-directed immune labeling of bacteria, capitalizing on residual bacteriophage capsids on bacterial surfaces, which enable immune cells to achieve quicker bacterial recognition and clearance. Specifically, Mn@Man-phage anchored on bacterial surfaces and provided artificial recognition sites that enabled macrophages to phagocytize via mannose receptors, accompanied by enhanced bactericidal activity triggered by manganese ions in response to an infectious microenvironment.

Safety Considerations for Natural Products with Adaptogenic and Immunomodulating Activities.

: Natural products with claimed adaptogenic and/or immunomodulatory effects are widely used in traditional medicine systems across Eurasia. These include herbal remedies (e.g.

Unveiling exosomes in combating skin aging: insights into resources, mechanisms and challenges.

Skin ageing is a multifactorial process influenced by both intrinsic (genetic and metabolic) and extrinsic (environmental) factors, leading to noticeable changes such as wrinkles, loss of elasticity, and pigmentation disorders. Recent advancements in regenerative medicine have highlighted the potential of exosomes, small extracellular vesicles, in mediating cellular communication and promoting rejuvenation processes in skin tissues. Exosomes are secreted by various cell types and are rich in bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which are crucial for modulating physiological responses.

Study on the impact of stress effects on gas extraction in thick inclined coal seam caving faces.

In order to study the development of overburden fractures and the distribution characteristics of the “three zones” in extra-thick coal seams, a rota-table physical similarity simulation test platform was used to analyze the deformation and failure characteristics of overburden during the mining of extra-thick coal seams. The displacement patterns of key layers were measured under different excavation distances. A statistical analysis of the overburden fracture distribution was conducted, revealing the evolution characteristics of fracture development in the overburden with increasing advancing distance.

Clinical Characteristics and Epidemiological Features of Hepatitis E Virus Infection Among People Living with HIV in Shanghai, China.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) poses a significant public health concern, particularly among immunocompromised populations. This study aimed to investigate HEV seroprevalence, clinical characteristics, and associated risk factors in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Shanghai, China. A retrospective analysis was conducted on serum IgG and IgM antibodies specific to HEV in 670 PLWH and 464 HIV-negative health-check attendees.

Red Nucleus Excitatory Neurons Initiate Directional Motor Movement in Mice.

: The red nucleus (RN) is a phylogenetically conserved structure within the midbrain that is traditionally associated with general motor coordination; however, its specific role in controlling directional movement remains poorly understood. : This study systematically investigates the function and mechanism of RN neurons in directional movement by combining stereotactic brain injections, fiber photometry recordings, multi-unit in vivo electrophysiological recordings, optogenetic manipulation, and anterograde trans-synaptic tracing. : We analyzed mice performing standardized T-maze turning tasks and revealed that anatomically distinct RN neuronal ensembles exhibit direction-selective activity patterns.

A protective role of SRC-1 against aging associated cognitive decline.

Introduction: Research indicates a strong correlation between obesity and the risk of dementia, both are linked to steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1), a transcriptional coactivator.

Methods: We used RNA sequencing analysis (RNA-Seq) to investigate the transcriptome of SRC-1-KO mice, and identified S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100A6), an AD associated gene, as one target of SRC-1. We tested cognitive behaviors in SRC-1-KO mice and mice with a humanized SRC-1 mutation (SRC-1), and performed promoter luciferase assays on S100A6.

Analysis of standard vs dose-escalated stereotactic body radiation therapy in localized prostate cancer: a comparative evaluation of survival outcomes.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of high-dose biologically effective dose (BED) versus standard dose regimens in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for localized prostate cancer (PCa) using a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.

Methods: Between June 2012 and February 2022, prostate-localized SBRT patients from two institutions were retrospectively reviewed. The high-dose group (n=12) received high-dose BED (>250Gy), and the control group (n=119) according to NCCN guidelines (35-37.

Comprehensive Analysis of Desmosomal Protein Remodeling Identifies Desmocollin-2 as Potential Biomarker for Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy.

Background And Aims: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetically-determined disease characterized by malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, particularly in young individuals. Mutations in desmosomal genes are a major cause of ACM, but the role of desmocollin-2 (DSC2) remains understudied.

Methods: We conducted a multi-cohort study with 52 ACM patients, 29 with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), 17 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and 45 controls.