Transcriptome Screening and Identification of Chemosensory Genes in the Goji Berry Psyllid, (Hemiptera: Psyllidae).

Goji berry is widely consumed worldwide and holds substantial market value, yet its cultivation faces significant threats from the goji berry psyllid (). Chemosensory-related genes play critical roles in regulating insect behaviors, which makes them key molecular targets for the development of environmentally friendly pest control strategies. However, chemosensory genes in have not been previously identified or characterized.

Structure, Mechanical Properties, and Rheological Characteristics of Poly(Butylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate)-Polylactic Acid Blends Modified via In Situ Maleic Anhydride Grafting.

Polylactic acid (PLA) materials face inherent limitations in many applications due to their low toughness. To address this challenge, this study employed a reactive melt-grafting method to prepare maleic anhydride (MA)-grafted poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT-MA), providing an effective approach to improve the interfacial compatibility between PLA and PBAT, thereby significantly enhancing the toughness and impact resistance of PLA and expanding its application scope. The grafting reaction process of PBAT-MA was investigated, as well as its toughening mechanism and effect on PLA.

Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity Evaluation of Novel Hydrazide-Containing -Perillaldehyde Derivatives as Potential Fungicides.

In this study, 36 novel hydrazide-containing -perillaldehyde derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antifungal activity. In the antifungal assays, most of the target compounds exhibited remarkable antifungal activity. Notably, compound displayed exceptional antifungal activities against (EC = 0.

GmAIR12-5 governs soybean nodule development associated with phosphorus availability.

Low phosphorus (P) bioavailability limits nitrogen (N) fixation in legume nodules. Although auxin-induced root 12 (AIR12) contributes to plant stress resistance, its role in regulating nodule adaptation to P deficiency remains elusive. In this study, a hydroponic experiment revealed that P deficiency restricted soybean (Glycine max) growth and decreased nodule development, especially in big nodules (diameter≥2 mm).

Tanshinone IIA promotes METTL3/METTL14-mediated FDX1 m6A modification to induce cuproptosis in bladder cancer.

Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a pleiotropic bioactive natural compound, has a general anti-tumor effect, as well as in bladder cancer. However, little is known about its mechanism. This work attempts to explore the mechanism of Tan IIA promoting cuproptosis in bladder cancer cells and the effective targets.

Activating silicon for high hydrogen conversion and sustainable anode recovery.

The hydrolysis/methanolysis of silicon has received considerable attention to achieve efficient and on-demand hydrogen conversion. However, the intense covalent network and highly localized electrons in pure Si impede its reactivity with water (HO) or methanol (CHOH), thereby hindering the hydrogen release. In this work, we report the synthesis of Zintl phase alkalis-Si alloys via simple ball-milling or sintering, showing eminent performance in enhancement of HO/CHOH dissociation.

Mid-infrared topological cavity with valley edge modes.

Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and interband cascade lasers (ICLs) are well-established and reliable sources of mid-infrared (IR) radiation. In photonic crystals, topological edge states (ESs) emerge at the boundaries between spatial domains with different topological properties. These ESs exhibit unidirectional transmission, effectively suppressing backscattering and maintaining robustness against defects and disorders.

Tailoring Solvent-Mediated CO Reservoirs at Heterointerfaces for Enhanced Electrochemical CO-to-CH Conversion.

Transforming waste CO into value-added fuels and chemicals, while simultaneously enabling renewable electricity storage, presents a viable strategy for achieving a sustainable energy economy. However, efficient conversion to C products remains challenging, primarily due to the low CO concentration at the catalyst surface in aqueous environments. Herein, we addressed this issue by designing CuO-MgO catalysts with abundant nanointerfaces serving as effective CO reservoirs under aqueous conditions.

Multimodal radiomics in glioma: predicting recurrence in the peritumoural brain zone using integrated MRI.

Background: Gliomas exhibit a high recurrence rate, particularly in the peritumoural brain zone after surgery. This study aims to develop and validate a radiomics-based model using preoperative fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1-CE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences to predict glioma recurrence within specific quadrants of the surgical margin.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 149 patients with confirmed glioma recurrence were included.

Mechanically Active Hydrogel for Healing Intestinal Fistulas through the YAP-Mediated Mechanosensitization of Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Intestinal fistula is a serious condition characterized by abnormal connections between the intestine and surrounding tissues. Despite advances in comprehensive management of intestinal fistulas, patients often need to undergo definitive surgery and face life-threatening complications due to ineffective closure measures. Herein, a mechanically active hydrogel (GNGP) that actively constricts intestinal fistulas in response to body temperature is presented.

GPT-4 vs. Radiologists: who advances mediastinal tumor classification better across report quality levels? A cohort study.

Background: Accurate mediastinal tumor classification is crucial for treatment planning, but diagnostic performance varies with radiologists' experience and report quality.

Purpose: To evaluate GPT-4's diagnostic accuracy in classifying mediastinal tumors from radiological reports compared to radiologists of different experience levels using radiological reports of varying quality.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 1,494 patients from five tertiary hospitals with mediastinal tumors diagnosed via chest CT and pathology.

Integrated multi-omics for potential biomarkers and molecular mechanism of persistent inflammatory refractory rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Persistent inflammatory refractory rheumatoid arthritis (PIRRA) presents a major clinical challenge, and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain inadequately understood.

Methods: athogenesis. Synovial joint tissues were collected from 30 TgTC mice and 30 Friend virus B (FVB) control mice.

deficiency impairs fertility in female mice.

OBOX1 is a maternal factor involved in oogenesis and follicle development, yet its specific role remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that knockout female mice exhibit subfertility, characterized by reduced litter size and impaired ovulation. These oocytes show minimal disruption in early embryonic development post-fertilization.

Genome mining of tailoring enzymes from biosynthetic gene clusters for synthetic biology: A case study with fungal methyltransferases.

Harnessing the potential of tailoring enzymes within fungal natural product (NP) biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) can significantly enhance NP diversity and production efficiency via artificially constructed microbial cell factories. To achieve this, an efficient genome mining method is crucial, especially since the functions of many putative enzymes in databases are unknown. As a test case, we aimed to identify methyltransferases (MTs) that modify a polyketide substrate without a known cognate MT.

Synergizing Ferroptosis Suppressor Protein 1 Gene Silencing and Photodynamic Therapy Based on Photosensitive Lipid Nanoparticles for Colon Cancer Immunotherapy.

Metastasis and immune escape play crucial roles in the progression of colon cancer. Current chemotherapy and immunotherapy treatments have limited effectiveness in reversing the immunologically cold microenvironment. Therefore, it is essential to investigate efficient strategies to enhance the antitumor immunity.

Synergy between Defects and Lattice Distortion Drives Self-Powered Elastico-Near-Infrared Mechanoluminescence in Cr-Doped Spinel Oxides.

Elastico-mechanoluminescence (ML) enables unique force-to-light transduction for applications in human-machine interaction and smart sensing, yet traditional trap-controlled models fail to explain self-powered ML phenomena. Here, a Cr-doped spinel oxide exhibiting autonomous near-infrared (NIR) ML is reported, where self-powered emission originates from synergistic interactions between local lattice distortions and multi-defect networks. Theoretical calculations reveal that Cr doping activates nearest-neighbor sites to generate mid-gap states, facilitating stress-driven electron tunneling to luminescent centers without external excitation.

Mitochondrial function and energy metabolism response of Megalobrama amblycephala under heat and hypoxia.

Ongoing global climate change and anthropogenic activities are increasingly subjecting aquatic animals to heat and hypoxia stress. These environmental perturbations can profoundly impact mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. The current study aimed to delineate the adaptive mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism in the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) under three experimental conditions: heat stress (HT group, 35 °C of temperature), hypoxia stress (LO group, 2 mg/L of dissolved oxygen), and combined heat plus hypoxia stress (HL group, 35 °C and 2 mg/L).

Primary Structural Transformations of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides in the Granulated Juice Sacs of .

Granulation is a commonly seen internal disorder of citrus fruit, characterized by decreased juice yield, thickened cell wall, and abnormal hardened juice sac. The present study compared the juice sacs of at different granulation degrees (healthy, gelatinous, moderately granulated, and severely granulated) regarding their soluble polysaccharide content and structural changes of water-soluble polysaccharides. The contents of water-, CDTA-, NaCO-, 1 mol/L KOH-, and 4 mol/L KOH-soluble polysaccharides increased with the granulation degree.

Recent advancements in testing devices and methodology are shaping the future of fume hood performance evaluation.

Over the past decades, fume hood performance testing has been widely practiced by indoor environmentalists and industrial hygienists as an indispensable tool to identify potential failures of containment. The improvement opportunities of the traditional testing practice, however, are not well translated to and recognized by the occupational health and indoor air quality community, partly due to the lack of a comprehensive review and analysis of pertinent advancements in fume hood containment performance evaluation. This motivated a systematic attempt to review recent advancements in testing devices and methodology that support fume hood containment performance evaluation in a more sustainable and optimized way.

Improved procedural efficiency of atrial fibrillation ablation using robotic magnetic navigation.

Background: Currently, there is still a large variability in procedural efficiency of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of procedural efficiency of AF ablation using robotic magnetic navigation (RMN) and compare the most efficient approach with cryoballoon ablation (CRYO), a typical "single-shot" technique.

Methods: A total of 2028 AF ablation procedures with RMN were consecutively included and divided into 3 groups based on ablation technique evolution (group 1, ablation catheter with fixed sheath, standard-power, long-duration, n = 523; group 2, steerable sheath, standard-power, long-duration, n = 994; and group 3, steerable sheath, high-power, short-duration, n = 511).

Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound combined with aerobic exercise on patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled study.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate whether the combination of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and aerobic exercise (AE) exerts an enhanced therapeutic benefit for patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Participants were allocated into a LIPUS treatment group, an AE treatment group, and a LIPUS combined with AE (LIPUS + AE) treatment group. Numerical rating scale (NRS) and Lequesne index were determined, and gait analysis was performed before treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment.

2024 Update of Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperuricemia and Gout Part I: Recommendations for General Patients.

Background: In 2018, the Chinese Society of Endocrinology developed the "Chinese guideline for diagnosis and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout (2019)". Over the past 5 years, clinical and experimental research has expanded our knowledge of gout, resulting in novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This update, prompted by new clinical challenges and gaps in evidence, aims to refine the 2019 guidelines.

Integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomics uncover distinct cellular subtypes involved in neural invasion in pancreatic cancer.

Nerves are integral to tumor biology, yet the peri- and intra-neural microenvironment and their roles in cancer-neural invasion (NI) remain underexplored. Here, we perform single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing (sc/snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics on 62 samples from 25 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients, mapping cellular composition, lineage dynamics, and spatial organization across varying NI statuses. Tertiary lymphoid structures are abundant in low-NI tumor tissues and co-localize with non-invaded nerves, while NLRP3 macrophages and cancer-associated myofibroblasts surround invaded nerves in high-NI tissues.