sp. nov., a Novel Nitrate-Reducing Bacterium Isolated from Marine Sediments, and the Evolution of Nitrate-Reducing Genes in the Genus .

Nitrate reduction serves as a pivotal process in the global nitrogen cycle, playing a crucial role in natural ecosystems and industrial applications. Although the genus is not traditionally regarded as a nitrate reducer, several strains have recently been found to be capable of doing so. However, the evolutionary trajectory of this capability remains undiscovered.

Characterization of cis-regulatory elements and functional variants in colorectal cancer using epigenomics and CRISPRi screenings.

Genetic variants associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) are primarily noncoding and reside in cis-regulatory elements (CREs), yet their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we established a dynamic epigenetic atlas using multiomics data from 533 colorectal tissues spanning normal to advanced adenoma to cancer, identifying 7,492 differential CREs linked to 5,490 target genes. High-throughput CRISPR interference screening revealed 265 functional CREs involved in CRC cell proliferation.

The LacI-Type Transcriptional Activator NCgl2689 Directly Regulates an Operon Involved in l-Cysteine Synthesis by the Reverse Transsulfuration Pathway in .

l-Cysteine is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, animal feed, and cosmetic industries. Microbial fermentation is an economically effective method for producing l-cysteine. However, research on the synthesis and regulation mechanism of l-cysteine through the reverse transsulfuration pathway in important amino acid producing cell factory is still limited.

Biodegradable poly(CL-co-TOSUO)/curcumin membrane: Biocompatibility and IL-6 suppression in atherosclerosis-relevant macrophage inflammation.

Atherosclerotic plaque instability, driven by macrophage-derived foam cells and exacerbated by interleukin-6 (IL-6), necessitates localized anti-inflammatory strategies. To address this, we developed curcumin-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone-co-4-ethylenediol ketal-ε-caprolactone) (PCT) membranes via electrospinning, characterizing their sustained drug release, biodegradability, and morphology through SEM. Comprehensive in vitro assessments included endothelial/macrophage viability assays, hemolysis testing, foam cell modeling using Ox-LDL (80 μg/mL for 48 h, optimized for IL-6 upregulation), and inflammatory cytokine quantification (IL-6/TNF-α/IFN-γ) via RT-qPCR.

FLASH radiotherapy at a crossroads: a bibliometric perspective on progress and challenges.

Background: Flash radiotherapy (FLASH-RT), an emerging modality utilizing ultra-high dose-rate (UHDR) irradiation (typically > 40 Gy/s), has demonstrated a unique capacity to preserve normal tissue integrity while maintaining tumor control efficacy compared to conventional radiotherapy. Despite exponential growth in FLASH-RT research over the past decade, its scientific landscape has not yet been systematically characterized through bibliometric analysis. This study only includes articles from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and is limited to English-language publications, which may introduce database and language biases.

Multi-omics integration predicts 17 disease incidences in the UK Biobank.

Importance: Traditional clinical predictors for disease risks have limitations in capturing underlying disease complexity. Multi-omics technologies, such as metabolomics and proteomics, offer deeper molecular perspectives that could enhance risk prediction, but large-scale studies integrating the two omics are scarce.

Objectives: The primary objective is to systematically evaluate whether adding metabolomics and/or proteomics data to traditional clinical predictors improves risk prediction for 17 common incident diseases.

Mid-infrared topological cavity with valley edge modes.

Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and interband cascade lasers (ICLs) are well-established and reliable sources of mid-infrared (IR) radiation. In photonic crystals, topological edge states (ESs) emerge at the boundaries between spatial domains with different topological properties. These ESs exhibit unidirectional transmission, effectively suppressing backscattering and maintaining robustness against defects and disorders.

Variational autoencoder-based model improves polygenic prediction in blood cell traits.

Genetic prediction of complex traits, enabled by large-scale genomic studies, has created new measures to understand individual genetic predisposition. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) offer a way to aggregate information across the genome, enabling personalized risk prediction for complex traits and diseases. However, conventional PRS calculation methods that rely on linear models are limited in their ability to capture complex patterns and interaction effects in high-dimensional genomic data.

Pre-activated lyophilized platelets show non-inferior hemostatic effect compared with fresh platelets in rabbits with traumatic bleeding and shock.

Background: A high activation level is a normal characteristic of lyophilized platelets (LPs); however, the effects of this activation level on the efficacy and safety of LPs after transfusion are debated.

Objectives: We aimed to test the efficacy and safety of pre-activated LPs (PLPs) in rabbits with traumatic bleeding and shock.

Methods: In vitro characteristics of PLPs, including activation level, aggregation, migration, and thromboelastography parameters, were evaluated.

Lung-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Containing miR-15a-5p/miR-96-5p Promote Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy via Targeting SMAD7.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are membrane-bound nanoparticles released by cells for intercellular or inter-tissue communication and play key roles in multiple cardiovascular disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying sEV-mediated myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are not well understood. In this study, it is discovered that the levels of miR-15a-5p and miR-96-5p in circulating sEVs (miR-15a-5p/96-5p) are elevated in HCM patients with myocardial fibrosis.

Lactate-functionalized 3D-printed PCL/nHA scaffold drives BMSC osteogenesis via metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk.

Critical-sized bone defects pose significant clinical challenges due to the limited regenerative potential of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). To address this, we developed a 3D-printed polycaprolactone/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffold functionalized with sodium lactate (PCL/nHA/SL) to synergistically integrate structural support with metabolic-epigenetic modulation. The lactate-functionalized scaffold demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, facilitating BMSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation.

High Electrical Conductivity Induced by Surface Confinement Effect in Heterostructured Multifunctional Nanofiber Composite Films for Low-Reflection Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films with low-reflection characteristics are ideal for blocking electromagnetic(EM) radiation and pollution. Poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (PVA-co-PE) nanofibers, with high specific surface area and abundant active groups, can be compounded with various conductive materials to prepare EMI shielding materials with low-reflection features. However, the large-scale industrial application of such shielding materials with multifunctionality remains rarely explored.

Metabolomic Understanding of variable risk factors for kidney cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Circulating metabolites have been found to play an important role in the development of renal cancer, however, the specific pathways and mechanisms of their influence are still largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the role of metabolites in kidney cancer development and to explain the development of kidney cancer from a genetic perspective.

Method: We explored the role of plasma metabolites and urinary metabolites in kidney cancer using two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) separately and validated it using multiple databases; in addition, we performed rigorous tests of pleiotropy and heterogeneity to ensure that the results were robust.

Function and Regulatory Mechanism of a Two-Component Signal Transduction System cgtRS5 in Corynebacterium glutamicum.

The putative two-component system (TCS) CgtRS5, encoded by the ncgl2572-ncgl2573 gene cluster, plays a critical role in environmental adaptation in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Comparative transcriptomic analysis between the wild-type strain and a ΔcgtRS5 mutant revealed three upregulated and 107 downregulated genes in the mutant. Among these, genes involved in iron metabolism (ncgl1959), aromatic compound degradation (ncgl2320), and drug resistance (cssR) were significantly downregulated.

Prognostic significance of angiogenesis-associated molecules and Immunologic characteristic in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Background:  Neovascularization mechanisms are hyperactivated in tumors, leading to vascular dysfunction and contributing to tumor metastasis and growth. This study aims to comprehensively analyze angiogenesis-associated genes in relation to the prognosis of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Leukemia gene expression data were obtained from the GSE37642 (training set) and TCGA_LAML (validation set) datasets.

The optimal strategy for seasonal influenza vaccination to prevent high-intensity level of influenza epidemics in Zhejiang, China: an integrated transmission-dynamic and health-economic modeling analysis.

Background: Although Seasonal Influenza Vaccination (SIV) is a crucial preventive measure, achieving sufficient coverage to completely control influenza epidemics poses a significant challenge. This study aims to evaluate optimal strategies for SIV to prevent high-intensity level of influenza epidemics in Zhejiang Province, China. High-intensity outbreaks were defined as weekly incidence rates above 72.

Effects of influenza vaccination on neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Previous studies have highlighted potential associations between influenza vaccination (IV) and neurological outcomes, particularly neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) and demyelinating disorders (DDs). However, the existing evidence remains inconclusive. Given the widespread global uptake of IV, even small potential effects may carry important public health implications.

Global, regional, and national characteristics of the main causes of increased disease burden due to the covid-19 pandemic: time-series modelling analysis of global burden of disease study 2021.

Objective: To quantify and identify the main causes of increased disease burden due to coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic.

Design: Time-series modelling study.

Data Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Frailty: An Important Determinant Influencing Glycaemic Control in Elderly Chinese Patients Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes.

Few studies have investigated blood glucose levels and complication management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at community hospitals in China. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors influencing blood glucose control in elderly patients with T2D. One thousand one hundred and fifty elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years) with T2D were involved in the study to assess blood glucose control, health status (including comorbidities and cognitive status), complication management, and adherence to medication according to the guidelines of the American Diabetes Association.

Amelioration of Liver Fibrosis via In Situ Hepatic Stellate Cell Conversion Through Co-Inhibition of TGF-β and GSK-3 Signalling.

Background And Aims: Liver fibrosis, a progressive condition driven by chronic liver injury and excessive scar tissue formation, can lead to cirrhosis, a life-threatening disease. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is central to fibrosis progression, yet current therapies fail to halt or reverse this process. This study evaluated a combination therapy targeting HSCs to ameliorate fibrosis and promote liver repair.

Targeting Phosphodiesterase 4 in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases: From Isoform-Specific Mechanisms to Precision Therapeutics.

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) serves as a crucial regulator of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling and has been identified as a significant therapeutic target for inflammatory and metabolic disorders impacting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver. Although pan-PDE4 inhibitors hold therapeutic promise, their clinical use has been constrained by dose-dependent adverse effects. Recent progress in the development of isoform-specific PDE4 inhibitors, such as those selective for PDE4B/D, alongside targeted delivery systems like liver-targeting nanoparticles and probiotic-derived vesicles, is reshaping the therapeutic landscape.

Metagenomics-assembled genomes reveal microbial metabolic adaptation to athalassohaline environment, the case Lake Barkol, China.

Salt-tolerant and halophilic microorganisms are critical drivers of ecosystem stability and biogeochemical cycling in athalassohaline environments. Lake Barkol, a high-altitude inland saline lake, provides a valuable natural setting for investigating microbial community dynamics and adaptation mechanisms under extreme salinity. In this study, we employed high-throughput metagenomic sequencing to characterize the taxonomic composition, metabolic potential, and ecological functions of microbial communities in both water and sediment samples from Lake Barkol.

EBBP-Mediated Integrated Stress Response Attenuates Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Inhibiting the Ferroptosis of Cardiomyocytes.

Anthracyclines are potent chemotherapeutics, but their clinical application is constrained by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, in which ferroptosis plays a critical role. Here, EBBP (Estrogen-responsive B Box Protein) is identified as a key cardioprotective regulator in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Transcriptomic profiling of doxorubicin (DOX)-treated hearts reveals significant EBBP upregulation.

Epidemic characteristics and effectiveness of vaccine intervention on rotavirus infection: a real-world observational study in Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Rotavirus infection, the most common cause of infant infectious diarrhoea and related deaths worldwide, has imposed a high disease burden in China, especially in Zhejiang Province. This study described the overall epidemiological characteristics and trends of reported rotavirus infections in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 and evaluated the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines on the incidence of rotavirus infection.

Materials And Methods: Data on reported cases of rotavirus infection from 2005 to 2022 were extracted from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.

DNAJC5 facilitates the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells by augmenting EGFR trafficking.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly prevalent and lethal malignant tumor, with the aberrantly activated EGFR signaling pathway playing a crucial role in its development. However, resistance to tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting EGFR significantly limits the efficacy of LUAD clinical therapy. Therefore, it is imperative to identify novel therapeutic targets and elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of EGFR for improving LUAD treatment outcomes.