Lactate-functionalized 3D-printed PCL/nHA scaffold drives BMSC osteogenesis via metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk.

Critical-sized bone defects pose significant clinical challenges due to the limited regenerative potential of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). To address this, we developed a 3D-printed polycaprolactone/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffold functionalized with sodium lactate (PCL/nHA/SL) to synergistically integrate structural support with metabolic-epigenetic modulation. The lactate-functionalized scaffold demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, facilitating BMSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation.

Radiographic identification method of safe medial pinning zone and its clinical efficacy in pediatric supracondylar humeral fracture fixation.

Objectives: Preventing iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury remains a critical challenge during medial pinning in pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHFs). This study seeks to define a safe zone for medial pin insertion and evaluate its effectiveness in minimizing complications.

Methods: Three-dimensional reconstructions of radiographs from a healthy elbow joint were generated using E3d software to delineate a safe medial pinning zone.

Identifying Causal Brain Structures, Genes, and Proteins for Osteoarthritis: A Large-Scale Genetic Correlation Study Based on Brain Imaging-Derived Phenotypes, Transcriptomes, and Proteomes.

Background: Recent epidemiological studies have linked the central nervous system (CNS) to osteoarthritis (OA), suggesting that targeting the CNS could offer new therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to validate the correlation between brain structures and OA risk, and to identify key causal genes by integrating brain transcriptomic and proteomic data with OA genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Methods: We analyzed OA summary statistics from 826 690 participants.

The effect of pin distractor assistance on the reduction of fibular fractures in the treatment of ankle fracture: A retrospective case-control study.

This study will evaluate the therapeutic effect of pin distractor assisted reduction of fibular fracture on ankle fracture. A retrospective analysis was performed on 98 patients diagnosed as ankle fracture or pilon fracture. These patients were all combined with fibular fracture.

Exploring the relationship between pyroptosis and inflammatory bone loss: Evidence from a cigarette smoke-induced osteoporosis mouse model.

Smoking is by far one of the greatest public health threats and is recognized as an important predisposing factor for osteoporosis. Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) has been reported to be associated with inflammation-associated diseases through the induction of pyroptosis. Nevertheless, the correlation between pyroptosis and bone loss induced by CS remains uninvestigated.

Identification of ceRNA networks in type H and L vascular endothelial cells through integrated bioinformatics methods.

Objectives: Type H blood vessels are a subtype of bone-specific microvessels (CD31Emcn) that play an important regulatory role in the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Despite reports on the distinct roles of type H and L vessels under physiological and pathological bone conditions, their genetic differences remain to be elucidated. This study aims to construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of key gene for differencial expression (DE) in type H and L vascular endothelial cells (ECs) through integrated bioinformatic methods.

Three Birds, One Stone: An Osteo-Microenvironment Stage-Regulative Scaffold for Bone Defect Repair through Modulating Early Osteo-Immunomodulation, Middle Neovascularization, and Later Osteogenesis.

In order to repair critical-sized bone defects, various polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA)-based hybrid scaffolds are successfully developed as bone substitutes. However, the byproducts of these PLGA-based scaffolds are known to acidify the implanted site, inducing tiresome acidic inflammation. Moreover, these degradation productions cannot offer an osteo-friendly microenvironment at the implanted site, matching natural bone healing.

Metformin accelerates bone fracture healing by promoting type H vessel formation through inhibition of YAP1/TAZ expression.

Due to increasing morbidity worldwide, fractures are becoming an emerging public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on the healing of osteoporotic as well as normal fractures. Type H vessels have recently been identified as a bone-specific vascular subtype that supports osteogenesis.

Causal associations of brain structure with bone mineral density: a large-scale genetic correlation study.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal associations of brain structure with bone mineral density (BMD). Based on the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of 1 325 brain imaging-derived phenotypes (BIDPs) of brain structure from the UK Biobank and GWAS summary datasets of 5 BMD locations, including the total body, femoral neck, lumbar spine, forearm, and heel from the GEFOS Consortium, linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) was conducted to determine the genetic correlations, and Mendelian randomization (MR) was then performed to explore the causal relationship between the BIDPs and BMD. Several sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the strength and stability of the present MR outcomes.

Post-traumatic distal ulnar bifurcation in children: a case report.

Background: Galeazzi fracture dislocation is a compound injury that encompasses fractures of the distal third of the radius and dislocation of the distal radial ulnar joint (DRUJ). Clinically, this condition is rare and often leads to distal ulnar bifurcation. In previous similar reports, patients were effectively managed through surgery.

Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated in Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel Facilitate Rotator Cuff Healing in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Tears.

Background: Successful management of chronic rotator cuff (RC) tears remains a challenge owing to its limited intrinsic healing capacity and unsatisfactory failure rate. Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) have the potential to differentiate into the chondrogenic or osteogenic lineage. Autologous platelet-rich gel (APG), a gel material derived from platelet-rich plasma (PRP), can be applied as a carrier system for cell delivery and also as a releasing system for endogenous growth factors.

Analysis of high-risk factors for preoperative DVT in elderly patients with simple hip fractures and construction of a nomogram prediction model.

Background: Hip fractures are anatomically classified in relation to femoral neck, intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures. Simple hip fractures discussed in this study are femoral neck fractures or intertrochanteric fractures, which are the most common types of hip fractures. Controversy remains regarding the value of biochemical indices of thrombosis in elderly patients with fractures.

Mg -mediated autophagy-dependent polarization of macrophages mediates the osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal stem cells by interfering with macrophage-derived exosomes containing miR-381.

Magnesium ion (Mg ) has received increased attention due to the roles it plays in promoting osteogenesis and preventing inflammation. This study was designed to investigate the mechanism by which Mg influences the osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs). The polarization of Mø (macrophages) was measured after treatment with Mg .

Three-dimensional mapping of distal humerus fracture.

Background: Distal humerus fractures (DHFs) constitute one-third of elbow fractures approximately. In this study, we aim to define and analyze the fracture lines and morphological features of DHFs using mapping technique.

Methods: One hundred and two DHFs were retrospectively reviewed.

Mg(OH) nanoparticles enhance the antibacterial activities of macrophages by activating the reactive oxygen species.

Infection often causes disastrous consequences in all fields of clinical medicine, especially orthopedics. Hence, critical efforts are being made to engineer novel nanomaterials for the treatment of orthopedic infections due to the high biocompatibility and antibacterial properties they possess. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) ) nanoparticles (NPs) in vitro and determine their possible mechanisms of action.

Construction and efficiency analysis of prediction model for venous thromboembolism risk in the elderly after hip fracture.

Objectives: To screen the risk factors for predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk after hip fracture in the elderly, to establish a prediction model based on these factors, and to analyze its prediction efficacy.

Methods: A total of 52 hip fracture patients over 60 years old with VTE admitted to the Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from March 2017 to April 2019 were selected as a thrombus group, and another 52 hip fracture patients over 60 years old without VTE were selected as a control group. The differences of hospitalization data and examination results between the 2 groups were compared.

MicroRNA-130a controls bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards the osteoblastic and adipogenic fate.

Objectives: With age, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have reduced ability of differentiating into osteoblasts but have increased ability of differentiating into adipocytes which leads to age-related bone loss. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play major roles in regulating BMSC differentiation. This paper explored the role of miRNAs in regulating BMSC differentiation swift fate in age-related osteoporosis.

Diagnosis and treatment of hyperextension bicondylar tibial plateau fractures.

Purpose: To report the diagnosis, injury mechanisms, and imaging characteristics of hyperextension bicondylar tibial plateau fractures and examine the indications and feasibility of the modified anterior midline incision as a treatment strategy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 11 cases of hyperextension bicondylar tibial plateau fractures who were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, predominantly via an anterolateral and posteromedialdouble incision or a modified anterior midline incision. Radiological and functional evaluations were performed.

Novel mutation in a Chinese family with hereditary spastic paraplegia: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) refer to a group of heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases characterized by lower limbs spasticity and weakness. So far, over 72 genes have been found to cause HSP (SPG1-SPG72). Among autosomal dominant HSP patients, spastic paraplegia 4 () gene is the most common pathogenic gene, and atlastin-1 () is the second most common one.

miR-381 modulates human bone mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis via suppressing Wnt signaling pathway during atrophic nonunion development.

The osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) has been considered as a central issue in fracture healing. Wnt signaling could promote BMSC osteogenic differentiation through inhibiting PPARγ. During atrophic nonunion, Wnt signaling-related factors, WNT5A and FZD3 proteins, were significantly reduced, along with downregulation of Runx2, ALP, and Collagen I and upregulation of PPARγ.

MiR-19b-3p regulates osteogenic differentiation of PDGFRα muscle cells by specifically targeting PTEN.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a common disturbing complication of intra-articular fractures. Its prevention and treatment are still difficult as its pathogenesis is unclear. It was reported that PDGFRα muscle cells in skeletal muscle may participate in the formation of HO; however, the specific mechanism is still unknown.

The association between CD31Emcn endothelial cells and bone mineral density in Chinese women.

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease in humans. During bone remodeling, specialized blood vessels influenced by the endothelial cells (CD31Emcn, also called type H cells) are formatted to supply nutrients. Reductions in vascular supply are associated with bone loss resulting in osteoporosis.

Evaluation of the mechanisms and effects of Mg-Ag-Y alloy on the tumor growth and metastasis of the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line.

Osteosarcoma is a malignant primary bone tumor, which often associates with pulmonary metastasis. The radical surgery of osteosarcoma often requires internal orthopedic implants. Therefore, implants with antitumor properties should be developed.