Engineered Substrate-Free Small Molecules for Enhanced Raman Scattering and Photothermal Conversion Efficiency.

Raman spectroscopy with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) through metal substrates is a highly precise bioimaging technique. Alternatively, recently discovered small molecules to enhance the Raman signal intensities through their self-stacking, termed stacking-induced intermolecular charge transfer-enhanced Raman scattering (SICTERS), offer ultrasensitive in vivo Raman imaging free of substrates. Molecular engineering to increase the SICTERS intensity and to tune photothermal conversion efficiency of these molecules is critical for furthering their biomedical application but not yet feasible.

Clinical gene therapy restores hearing: a paradigm shift.

Recent breakthroughs in gene therapy for autosomal recessive deafness 9 (DFNB9) caused by OTOF mutations have transformed treatment paradigms for hereditary hearing loss (HHL). To date, eight clinical trials targeting DFNB9 have been registered in 51 centers across eight countries, demonstrating the rapid progress of gene therapy in auditory medicine. These pioneering studies establish the framework for the clinical translation of gene therapy targeting HHL.

MRI-based deep learning radiomics in predicting histological differentiation of oropharyngeal cancer: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: The primary aim of this research was to create and rigorously assess a deep learning radiomics (DLR) framework utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to forecast the histological differentiation grades of oropharyngeal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective analysis encompassed 122 patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer across three medical institutions in China. The participants were divided at random into two groups: a training cohort comprising 85 individuals and a test cohort of 37.

Global, regional and national uterine fibroid burdens from 1990 to 2021 and projections until 2050: results from the GBD study.

Background: Uterine fibroids(UF), while histologically benign, constitute a pervasive yet inequitable epidemiological phenomenon characterized by disproportionately distributed morbidity burdens that correlate asymmetrically with regional development levels, compounded by intersecting socioeconomic determinants and genetic susceptibilities. We aimed to assess the global and regional burden of age-standardized UF in women from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) rates attributable to UF were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.

Office Posture Detection Using Ceiling-Mounted Ultra-Wideband Radar and Attention-Based Modality Fusion.

Prolonged sedentary behavior in office environments is a key risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders and metabolic health issues. While workplace stretching interventions can mitigate these risks, effective monitoring solutions are often limited by privacy concerns and constrained sensor placement. This study proposes a ceiling-mounted ultra-wideband (UWB) radar system for privacy-preserving classification of working and stretching postures in office settings.

CUSP06, a Novel CDH6-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Antitumor Efficacy in Multiple CDH6-Expressing Human Cancer Models.

Cadherin-6 (CDH6), also known as K-cadherin, is a type II classic cadherin molecule that plays an important role in the embryonic development of the kidney but has very limited expression in adult tissues. It is overexpressed in several human malignancies, primarily in ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, as well as, less frequently, cholangiocarcinoma, uterine serous carcinoma, glioma, lung, pancreatic and thyroid cancers. The characteristic of limited expression in normal tissues, high expression in tumor tissues, and rapid internalization upon antibody binding makes CDH6 a well-suited antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) target.

Steric engineering of Pd-ligand coordination pathways: hierarchical control from functionally addressable intermediates to supramolecular architectures.

Steric engineering enables precise hierarchical control of PdL assembly through well-defined ring (PdL) and bowl (PdL) intermediates. This finding allows active steering of metastable species into functional states, offering a programmable strategy for manipulating the assembly pathways.

Per822: A pH-stable metagenome-derived perhydrolase for dye decolorization, oil stain removal, and benzo[a]pyrene degradation.

Per822, a newly discovered metagenomic perhydrolase, merges promiscuous catalysis with exceptional robustness, unlocking versatile solutions for sustainable chemistry. The results revealed that Per822 possesses both esterase and peroxidase activities. Its esterase activity was optimal at pH 8.

Time-Varying Strong Coupling and the Induced Time Diffraction of Magnon Modes.

Time-varying media break temporal translation symmetry, enabling advanced wave manipulation. However, this phenomenon remains largely unexplored in magnonic systems due to the challenge of achieving rapid and significant changes in magnon dispersion. Here, we construct a time-varying strong coupling between two magnon modes and observe chirped Rabi-like oscillations near the pulse edges.

Modulating flavor and microbiota of Yunnan suancai through salt reduction with KCl and κ-Carrageenan.

Fermented vegetables like Yunnan suancai are traditionally pickled with high salt, raising health concerns regarding excessive sodium intake. This study evaluated the impact of reduced-salt pickling system, partially replacing NaCl incorporating KCl with κ-carrageenan (CG) mixture (30 %, 40 %, and 50 %), on the biochemical characteristics, microbial dynamics, and flavor profiles during suancai fermentation. Result revealed significant differences in flavor profiles across treatments, driven by variations in 7 non-volatile and 46 volatile compounds.

Efficacy and safety of atezolizumab and bevacizumab with or without TACE as first-line therapy for unresectable HCC: a multicenter cohort study.

Background And Aims: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with immunotherapy and targeted therapy provides a promising therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of TACE combined with atezolizumab and bevacizumab (TACE-Ate-Bev) or atezolizumab and bevacizumab alone (Ate-Bev) as first-line treatment for unresectable HCC.

Methods: This multicenter cohort study recruited patients with unresectable HCC who received TACE-Ate-Bev or Ate-Bev as first-line treatment between July 1, 2020 and December 31, 2023.

Reconsidering Trust and Information Engagement and Unpacking the Role of Emotion in Public Responses During the Early Stage of a Public Health Crisis in China: Web-Based Survey Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to offer valuable insights into crisis management and risk communication, particularly through retrospective analyses that allow a more comprehensive understanding. Emotional responses played a crucial role in shaping how individuals processed information and built trust in different objects in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate how negative emotions influence online information engagement and trust in 4 distinct entities: government, scientists, health care providers, and other people (relatives, friends, family, and strangers).

Quest for Luminescent Low-Spin Chromium(I) Complexes with Doublet Metal-to-Ligand Charge-Transfer Excited States.

Two paramagnetic Cr(I) complexes with homoleptic fac-bis(triarylisocyanide) ligands were prepared by chemical oxidation of the Cr(0) precursors and emission spectra with peak maximum at respective 568 and 525 nm have been recorded with THF solutions of these two low-spin d metal complexes at 298 K. Structural, spectroscopic, and theoretical studies revealed that the emission of the Cr(I) complexes could be tentatively assigned to be spin-allowed MLCT excited states. Femtosecond-resolved transient absorption spectra confirmed that the lifetimes of the excited states were in the tens of picoseconds, which could be explained by the fast nonradiative decay of MLCT state through low-lying quartet metal-centered (MC) states.

Gene therapy restores auditory function and rescues damaged inner hair cells in an aged Vglut3 knockout mouse model.

Vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) is prominently expressed in the inner hair cells of the cochlea, playing a vital role in auditory signal transmission to the brain. Previous studies have shown that Vglut3 gene knockout in mice causes severe sensorineural hearing loss without affecting hair cell integrity. However, the cochlear structure of the aged Vglut3 remains inadequately explored.

Association of tuberculosis infection with the development of active tuberculosis and comorbidities in rural China: a 10-year follow-up results of a population-based, multicentre, prospective study.

Background: In China, there is limited research on the role of recent and long-term infection of in relation to the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), as well as the impact of tuberculosis infection (TBI) on other diseases. A population-based, multicenter prospective study (LATENTTB-NSTM) was implemented since 2013 to assess the prevalence of TBI and to track the development of active disease in rural China. This cohort study provides an opportunity to address these gaps in knowledge.

Longitudinal Mediating Role of Dynamic Vagal Regulation in the Link Between Childhood Abuse and Neglect and Psychopathological Symptoms Among Adolescents.

This three-wave longitudinal study used a time course approach to explore the RSA change trajectory during stress. It examined the mediating role of dynamic vagal regulation in the link between childhood abuse and neglect and psychopathological symptoms among adolescents. Physiological and questionnaire data were collected from 151 Chinese adolescents (74 females; M = 12.

AI-based diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome from noncontrast CT.

The accurate and timely diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) in patients presenting with acute chest pain remains a clinical challenge. Aortic computed tomography (CT) angiography is the imaging protocol of choice in patients with suspected AAS. However, due to economic and workflow constraints in China, the majority of suspected patients initially undergo noncontrast CT as the initial imaging testing, and CT angiography is reserved for those at higher risk.

Narirutin mitigates inflammatory arthritis and osteoporosis through modulating macrophage phenotype and osteoclastogenesis.

Background: Inflammatory arthritis (IA), exemplified by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), represents a prevalent autoimmune-driven inflammatory bone disorder hallmarked by chronic synovitis and progressive bone erosion, culminating in joint dysfunction and systemic osteoporosis. Narirutin (NRT), a flavonoid glycoside derived from citrus plants, is renowned for its multifaceted bioactivities, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and cardioprotective properties. Despite these attributes, the role of NRT in mitigating macrophage-mediated pro-inflammatory activation and osteoclastogenesis within the context of inflammatory arthritis and osteoporosis remains insufficiently elucidated.

Ternary Strategy and Molecular Electrostatics Collaboratively Optimize Low-Molecular-Weight Polymer Donor Organic Solar Cells: Over 20% Efficiency and High Scalability.

Achieving consistent performance across polymer donor batches is crucial for the commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared with high-molecular-weight PM6 (HWPM6), low-molecular-weight PM6 (LWPM6) has lower efficiency but better stress-dispersion characteristics and solution-processability, making its performance improvement vital for practical applications. Here, LWPM6-based OSCs are optimized by introducing a trimeric guest (TYT-S).

High-Entropy Rare-Earth-Doped Pt Alloy Concave Nanocubes with High-Index Facets for Hydrazine Oxidation Electrocatalysis.

High-entropy doping of multicomponent alloy nanocrystals enclosed by high-index facets (HIFs) is a great challenge due to the high surface energy from HIFs and their distinct standard reduction potential and atom sizes between different metals. Herein, a novel non-aqueous system, choline chloride-urea-based deep eutectic solvent, is proposed as a versatile medium to design a high-entropy rare-earth-doped Pt alloy PtYLaNdSmEuGdTbDyHoEr (HERED-Pt) concave nanocube with HIFs by the electrochemical method. Thanks to the high-index faceted characteristics and the high-entropy rare-earth-doped elemental synergy, the as-synthesized HERED-Pt concave nanocubes exhibit remarkable electrocatalytic performance for hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) with high current density (170.

Single-Molecule Vibrational Thermometry.

Molecular probes of temperature (termed "molecular thermometers") have become broadly used for temperature measurements. Here, we describe Boltzmann-edge vibrational thermometry (BET) detected by anti-Stokes fluorescence, where the relative population of vibrationally excited molecules acts as a calibration-free reporter of local temperature based on the Boltzmann distribution. We demonstrate that BET microscopy is readily compatible with biological samples and achieves single-molecule sensitivity.

Single-Atom-Layer Metallization of Plasmonic Semiconductors: Modulating Hot-Electron Kinetics for Boosting Photocatalysis.

Over the past decade, plasmonic semiconductors have emerged as a promising material family for diverse photocatalytic applications, spanning solar energy conversion to environmental remediation. The unique localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) enables these materials to harvest abundant low-energy photons and generate high-energy hot-carriers (electrons or holes). However, these hot carriers face critical challenges in photocatalytic applications, including inefficient excitation processes, ultrashort carrier lifetimes, and sluggish carrier transfer to reactants.

Two-dimensional bond-selective fluorescence spectroscopy: violations of the resonance condition, vibrational cooling rate dispersion, and super-multiplex imaging.

Multidimensional spectroscopies have shaped our understanding of molecular phenomena, but they are often limited in sensitivity. In this work, we describe two-dimensional bond-selective fluorescence-detected infrared-excited (2D-BonFIRE) spectro-microscopy: an ultrasensitive two-dimensional spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging technique. 2D-BonFIRE spectra are richly detailed, allowing for direct measurement of vibronic coupling and strong evidence of combination modes in congested spectral regions.

Decoupled spectral tuning for multi-band perfect absorption via Brillouin zone-folding induced quasi-BICs.

Monolayer graphene-based perfect absorber plays a critical role in advanced sensing, photodetection, and optical communications. Significant effort has been devoted to realizing an ideal absorber at a single wavelength by integrating graphene onto a high-quality resonant metasurface. Here, we present what we believe to be a novel strategy for achieving independent, multi-band perfect absorption in graphene by harnessing Brillouin zone-folding induced quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs).

Flexible Iron-Ion Hybrid Capacitor Based on a MnO Electrode.

Aqueous Fe-ion hybrid capacitors, with high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness, have attracted considerable attention as an emerging energy storage device. However, Fe-ion-based energy storage systems still face challenges, such as narrow voltage windows, limited energy density, and harsh fabrication conditions. To address these issues, this work fabricates an aqueous Fe-ion hybrid capacitor using low-cost activated carbon as the anode, manganese dioxide (MnO) as the cathode, with an FeSO + NHCl aqueous electrolyte, successfully expanding the voltage window to 0-1.