MRI-based deep learning radiomics in predicting histological differentiation of oropharyngeal cancer: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: The primary aim of this research was to create and rigorously assess a deep learning radiomics (DLR) framework utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to forecast the histological differentiation grades of oropharyngeal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective analysis encompassed 122 patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer across three medical institutions in China. The participants were divided at random into two groups: a training cohort comprising 85 individuals and a test cohort of 37.

Tongue-coating microbiota as a predictive biomarker of washed microbiota transplantation efficacy in pediatric autism: integration with clinical features.

Background: Alterations in both oral and gut microbiota have been identified in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the interaction between these microbiota and their potential to predict outcomes of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) remain poorly understood.

Methods: This study investigated the structure and function of the tongue-coating microbiota in children with ASD and explored its correlation with ASD symptoms and gut microbiota. Germ-free ASD mice, colonized with healthy gut microbiota, and children with ASD treated with washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) were assessed for changes in autism symptoms and microbiota composition.

Targeting PERP promotes anti-tumor immunity in HNSCC by regulating tumor immune microenvironment and metabolic homeostasis.

Background: PERP may have the potential to function as an oncogene. However, the precise function, prognostic value, and predictive significance remain shrouded in ambiguity.

Methods: We conducted an in-depth analysis using pan-cancer RNA sequencing data and various online web tools to investigate the correlation between PERP and crucial clinical outcomes such as prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and tumor metabolism.

Changdiqing decoction (CDQD) ameliorates colitis via suppressing inflammatory macrophage activation and modulating gut microbiota.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a non-specific inflammatory bowel disease. Unlike any single form of cell death reported previously, macrophage PANoptosis, a unique programmed cell death characterized by inflammation and necrosis, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of colitis. Changdiqing Decoction (CDQD), an empirical hospital prescription enema, has been used to treat UC for decades.

Nutritional strategies in oncology: The role of dietary patterns in modulating tumor progression and treatment response.

Dietary interventions can influence tumor growth by restricting tumor-specific nutritional requirements, altering the nutrient availability in the tumor microenvironment, or enhancing the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs. Metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells, as a significant hallmark of tumor progression, has a profound impact on immune regulation, severely hindering tumor eradication. Dietary interventions can modify tumor metabolic processes to some extent, thereby further improving the efficacy of tumor treatment.

High-dimensional deconstruction of HNSC reveals clinically distinct cellular states and ecosystems that are associated with prognosis and therapy response.

Background: Characterizing the variety of cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their organization into cellular communities is vital for elucidating the biological diversity of cancer and informing therapeutic strategies.

Methods: Here, we employed a machine learning-based algorithm framework, EcoTyper, to analyze single-cell transcriptomes from 139 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC)and gene expression profiles from 983 additional HNSC patients, aiming to delineate the fundamental cell states and ecosystems integral to HNSC.

Results: A diverse landscape of 66 cell states and 9 ecosystems within the HNSC microenvironment was identified, revealing classical cell types while also expanding upon previous immune classifications.

Wogonin mitigates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG), a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Wogonin is one of the primary bioactive components of SBG. Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) represents a prevalent form of drug-induced liver damage and is primarily driven by inflammatory responses and oxidative stress.

Differentiation between alcohol-associated cirrhosis and hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis based on hepatic complications and psychological symptoms.

Background: The prognosis of and occurrence of complications in patients with different clinical features of cirrhosis differ, and cirrhosis with different etiologies has varying clinical characteristics. The aim of this study was to describe the liver function markers, hepatic complications, and psychological features differentiating patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection-related and alcohol-related cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective and observational study that analyzed the medical data of inpatients with alcohol-related or HBV infection-related cirrhosis from May 2014 to May 2020.

Negative correlation between circulating integrin α4 group 3 innate lymphoid cells and the severity of type 2 diabetes.

Background: Impaired intestinal barrier and immune dysfunction promote the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which are enriched in the intestinal lamina propria, are key for intestinal barrier integrity. However, there is a paucity of data on circulating ILC3s in patients with T2D.

Reduced type 3 innate lymphoid cells related to worsening kidney function in renal dysfunction.

Intestinal mucosa barrier injury and immunity imbalance contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are essential for normal intestinal homeostasis. Nevertheless, the relationship between ILC3s and CKD remains largely unknown.

A likely pathogenic POLD1 variant associated with mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and lipodystrophy syndrome in a Chinese patient.

Background: Mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and lipodystrophy syndrome (MDPL; OMIM# 615381) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, with only a few reported cases worldwide. Herein, we describe the clinical features and underlying molecular etiology of MDPL syndrome in an 8-year-old Chinese patient.

Methods: We performed otological, endocrine, ultrasound, and radiological examinations, as well as genetic testing.

Beneficial Effects of Repeated Washed Microbiota Transplantation in Children With Autism.

Objective: While fecal microbiota transplantation is demonstrated to improve symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it remains unclear whether additional treatment courses yield better results. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of repeated washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) in children with ASD.

Methods: Retrospective data from children who were serially treated with WMT, including ASD symptoms, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and white blood cell (WBC) and globulin levels were obtained.

Effects of Washed Fecal Bacteria Transplantation in Sleep Quality, Stool Features and Autism Symptomatology: A Chinese Preliminary Observational Study.

Purpose: Autism spectrum disorder is a highly complex neurological and psychosocial disorder characterized by social dysfunction, severe reduction in speech, and a single stereotyped behavior. The treatment methods are currently limited, and children with autism generally suffer from constipation and sleep disorders. It is urgent to find an alternative psychotropic drug, given the drug dependence and adverse reactions that may occur with long-term medication.

Differences in complications between hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and alcohol-related cirrhosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the differences in complications between hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related and alcohol-related cirrhoses.

Methods: Medical records of patients with HBV-related and alcohol-related cirrhoses treated from January 2014 to January 2021 were, retrospectively, reviewed. The unadjusted rate and adjusted risk of cirrhotic complications between the two groups were assessed.

Treacher Collins syndrome: Clinical report and retrospective analysis of Chinese patients.

Background: Treacher Collins syndrome-1 (TCS1; OMIM# 154500) is a rare autosomal dominant disease that is defined by congenital craniofacial dysplasia. Here, we report four sporadic and one familial case of TCS1 in Chinese patients with clinical features presenting as hypoplasia of the zygomatic complex and mandible, downslanting palpebral fissures, coloboma of the lower eyelids, and conductive hearing loss.

Materials And Methods: Audiological, radiological, and physical examinations were performed.

Perrault syndrome: Clinical report and retrospective analysis.

Background: Perrault syndrome (PRLTS4; OMIM# 615300) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder and only a few cases have been reported worldwide. We report a Chinese female characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and premature ovarian insufficiency.

Methods: We evaluated audiological, endocrine, and ultrasound examinations and examined the genetic causes using whole-exome sequencing.

Multiple synostoses syndrome: Clinical report and retrospective analysis.

Multiple synostoses syndrome (SYNS1; OMIM# 186500) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder reported in a few cases worldwide. We report a Chinese pedigree characterized by proximal symphalangism, conductive hearing loss, and distinctive facies. We examined the genetic cause and reviewed the literature to discuss the pathogeny, treatment, and prevention of SYNS1.

Occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil from the central Loess Plateau, China: role of regional range atmospheric transport.

Very few studies were conducted in highland and depositional areas in studying the transport and behavior of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). In this study, surface soils were collected from Huan County to investigate the level, profile, and potential influence of PBDEs via regional range atmospheric transport in the central part of the Loess Plateau (CLP) of China, one of the most extensive areas of loess deposition in the world. PBDEs were ubiquitous and log-normally distributed in soils from the CLP with mean concentrations of 0.

Occurrence, sources, and inventory of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in soils from Chongming Island, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD).

Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) is a concern due to their large usage combining with physico-chemical properties and toxicity to wildlife and human. However, very limited data were reported on HBCDs in soils, especially from rural area. In this study, 22 soil samples were collected from Chongming Island at estuary of the Yangtze River Delta, to investigate the level, diasteroisomer profile, potential sources, and mass inventory of HBCDs.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in background surface soils from the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China: occurrence, sources, and inventory.

Purposes: Very few data for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were available in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), one of the most developed and urbanized region in China. In this study, Chongming Island, located at the estuary of the Yangtze River, was selected as background area to investigate the occurrence, sources, and inventory of PBDEs.

Methods: Forty-two PBDE congeners were determined in surface soils from farmland, woodland, grassland, tideland, and road collected in Chongming Island.