A First-Principles Screening for Axial Ligand Regulation of Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Dual-Metal Atomic Catalysts (MMN‑R).

A primary challenge in the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) is the rational design and engineering of high-efficiency electrocatalysts. A series of MMN catalysts (MM = NiNi, CoNi, CoFe, CoCo) with precisely tailored axial ligands (R = -OH, -COH, -CN) have been high-throughput screened out to exhibit optimal electrocatalytic activity, which is extended to further estimate their CORR performance in this work. The adsorption energies of three distinct ligands at the M-M bridge site are evaluated to quantitatively assess the ligand stabilization.

Endophytic bacteria enhance cadmium remediation through siderophore production and soil microbial dynamics.

Microbial remediation of heavy metals (HMs) is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to soil restoration. This study aimed to identify the endophytic bacterial strain with the highest capacity to mobilize cadmium (Cd) among four isolates from root nodules. We conducted soil incubation experiments under four Cd contamination levels (10, 40, 80 and 300 mg kg) and three inoculation treatments, and measured soil extractable Cd, microbial community composition, and diversity.

Palonosetron versus tropisetron with dexamethasone for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in pediatric adenotonsillectomy: a single center, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remain significant complications following pediatric adenotonsillectomy. Although palonosetron, a second-generation 5-HT receptor antagonist, has shown potential for preventing PONV, further research is needed to assess its efficacy when combined with dexamethasone in pediatric otolaryngologic procedures. This study aims to observe the efficacy of palonosetron or tropisetron combined with dexamethasone in preventing PONV in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.

Wnt5a-AS knockdown alleviates sevoflurane-induced depression by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and mitochondrial fusion in adolescent rats.

Background: Early-life exposure to sevoflurane induces depressive-like behaviors and cognitive deficits in adolescent rodents (ELSDs) in adolescent rodents. Although hippocampal neurogenesis in the subgranular zone (SGZ) has been implicated in mental disorders, the role of Wnt5a-AS in onset of ELSDs remains unclear. We investigated whether Wnt5a-AS knockdown restores neurogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics to ameliorate ELSDs.

Malevolent alliance of MYBL2 cancer stem cell and SPP1+ macrophage confers resistance to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in bladder cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade (nICB) has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet the underlying mechanisms of resistance in bladder cancer remain to be explored.

Methods: We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, tumor tissues, adjacent normal tissues, and metastatic lymph nodes from 2 nICB-naïve and 10 nICB-treated patients with bladder cancer (5 responders and 5 non-responders). Spatial RNA sequencing was performed on tumor slides from two responders and four non-responders.

Low-grade Inflammation Score: a Risk Factor for Stroke Recurrence in Patients With Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis.

Atherosclerosis is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation (LGI) of the arteries. An elevated LGI score has been associated with the onset and recurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this multicenter hospital-based prospective cohort study was to investigate the relationship between the LGI score and stroke recurrence in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

Case report: Transformative potential of trastuzumab deruxtecan in the first line treatment for advanced HER2-mutated lung adenocarcinoma: a case report and clinical insights.

The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), represents a significant oncological challenge due to its aggressive behavior, high metastatic potential and poor prognosis. HER2 mutation is a rare but critical oncogenic driver associated with resistance to traditional therapies among NSCLC subtypes, including chemotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), a next-generation antibody-drug conjugate, combines HER2-targeted therapy with a potent cytotoxic payload, enabling specific tumor cell eradication and addressing intratumoral heterogeneity through its bystander effect.

Characterization of fresh and corroded nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) to remove Cr (VI) in soil environment.

To understand the transformation of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) in soil environments, a magnetic adsorption method was employed to recover nZVI from remediated soil, and the properties of the recovered (corroded) nZVI were characterized. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis showed that the remediated soil consisted of stacked sheet-like layers, still rich in intergranular micropores. A significant portion of nZVI remained as spherical particles, with their average particle size increasing by 22.

Effect of one-lung ventilation in children undergoing lateral thoracotomy cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass on postoperative atelectasis and postoperative pulmonary complications.

Background: Right lateral thoracotomy is increasingly used because of its cosmetic benefits, shorter hospital stays, rapid return to full activity, and ease of reoperation in pediatric patients with uncomplicated congenital heart disease. Currently, one-lung ventilation (OLV) is used in these children to facilitate surgical exposure. We aimed to assess the effect of OLV on postoperative outcomes.

Comprehensive pan-cancer single-cell analysis reveals glycolysis-related signatures as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy response and their role in bladder cancer.

Glycolysis is a vital metabolic biological process in tumor progression and immune modulation. This study comprehensively investigated the roles of glycolysis in pan-cancer, especially in bladder cancer. Exploration of 34 single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) cohorts, eight ICI-treated bulk RNA-seq cohorts, and TCGA bulk pan-cancer RNA-seq cohorts uncovered a Glycolysis.

A survey of decision-making and planning methods for self-driving vehicles.

Autonomous driving technology has garnered significant attention due to its potential to revolutionize transportation through advanced robotic systems. Despite optimistic projections for commercial deployment, the development of sophisticated autonomous driving systems remains largely experimental, with the effectiveness of neurorobotics-based decision-making and planning algorithms being crucial for success. This paper delivers a comprehensive review of decision-making and planning algorithms in autonomous driving, covering both knowledge-driven and data-driven approaches.

Machine Learning Models Decoding the Association Between Urinary Stone Diseases and Metabolic Urinary Profiles.

Employing advanced machine learning models, we aim to identify biomarkers for urolithiasis from 24-h metabolic urinary abnormalities and study their associations with urinary stone diseases. We retrospectively recruited 468 patients at Peking Union Medical College Hospital who were diagnosed with urinary stone disease, including renal, ureteral, and multiple location stones, and had undergone a 24-h urine metabolic evaluation. We applied machine learning methods to identify biomarkers of urolithiasis from the urinary metabolite profiles.

Endothelial pyroptosis-driven microglial activation in choroid plexus mediates neuronal apoptosis in hemorrhagic stroke rats.

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with alarmingly high rates of disability and mortality, and current therapeutic options are suboptimal. A critical component of ICH pathology is the initiation of a robust inflammatory response, often termed "cytokine storm," which amplifies the secondary brain injury following the initial hemorrhagic insult. The precise sources and consequences of this cytokine-driven inflammation are not fully elucidated, necessitating further investigation.

Single-cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Ferroptosis as The Most Enriched Programmed Cell Death Process in Hemorrhage Stroke-induced Oligodendrocyte-mediated White Matter Injury.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe stroke subtype with limited therapeutic options. Programmed cell death (PCD) is crucial for immunological balance, and includes necroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis. However, the distinctions between these programmed cell death modalities after ICH remain to be further investigated.

miR-584-5p is a New Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: MicroRNA-584-5p (miR-584-5p) plays an important role in certain types of cancer. However, its precise role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remains unknown.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate how miR-584-5p influences HNSC.

Unraveling dynamic immunological landscapes in intracerebral hemorrhage: insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) poses a formidable challenge in stroke management, with limited therapeutic options, particularly in the realm of immune-targeted interventions. Clinical trials targeting immune responses post-ICH have encountered setbacks, potentially attributable to the substantial cellular heterogeneity and intricate intercellular networks within the brain. Here, we present a pioneering investigation utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome profiling at hyperacute (1 h), acute (24 h), and subacute (7 days) intervals post-ICH, aimed at unraveling the dynamic immunological landscape and spatial distributions within the cerebral tissue.

The oncogene MYBL2 promotes the malignant phenotype and suppresses apoptosis through hedgehog signaling pathway in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Multiple cancers have been associated with MYB-related protein B (MYBL2), its involvement in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has yet to be demonstrated. Our study revealed a significant upregulation of MYBL2 in ccRCC tissues, correlating with clinicopathological features and patient prognosis. Increased MYBL2 expression promoted cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis.

Myeloprotection with trilaciclib in Chinese patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study (TRACES).

Introduction: Trilaciclib is a transient cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor that decreases the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). TRACES study was designed to assess the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics (PK) of trilaciclib before chemotherapy in Chinese patients with ES-SCLC.

Methods: The study included an open-label safety run-in part (Part 1) and double-blinded, placebo-controlled part (Part 2) where patients received trilaciclib or placebo before chemotherapy.

POLR3G promotes EMT via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in bladder cancer.

RNA Polymerase III Subunit G (POLR3G) promotes tumorigenesis, metastasis, cancer stemness, and chemoresistance of breast cancer and lung cancer; however, its biological function in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear. Through bioinformatic analyses, we found that POLR3G expression was significantly elevated in BLCA tumor tissues and was associated with decreased survival. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that POLR3G could serve as an independent prognostic risk factor.

Impact of lymphadenectomy extent on immunotherapy efficacy in postresectional recurred non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Background: Lymph node (LN) dissection is a common procedure for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to ascertain disease severity and treatment options. However, murine studies have indicated that excising tumor-draining LNs diminished immunotherapy effectiveness, though its applicability to clinical patients remains uncertain. Hence, the authors aim to illustrate the immunological implications of LN dissection by analyzing the impact of dissected LN (DLN) count on immunotherapy efficacy, and to propose a novel 'immunotherapy-driven' LN dissection strategy.

Machine-learning based integrating bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the SLC38A5-CCL5 signaling as a promising target for clear cell renal cell carcinoma treatment.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts paly critical roles in regulating cancer cell biological properties by intricate and dynamic communication networks. But the mechanism of CAFs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is not clear. In our study, we identified CAFs and malignant cells from the integrated scRNA-seq datasets and establish a CAF-derived communication signature based on the highly activated regulons ETS1 and MEF2C.