The interaction between the skin microbiome and antimicrobial peptides within the epidermal immune microenvironment: Bridging insights into atopic dermatitis.

The epidermal immune microenvironment is a multifaceted system in which the interplay between the skin microbiome and antimicrobial peptides plays a pivotal role in sustaining skin homeostasis and preventing dysbiosis. Disruption of these interactions can lead to inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis. This review aims to explore the complex mechanisms by which antimicrobial peptides and the skin microbiome communicate within the epidermal immune microenvironment, emphasizing causal dynamics and the dual role of antimicrobial peptides.

Antibiotics Sources, Concentrations, and Risk of Antimicrobial Resistance Selection in the Three Gorges Reservoir Basin, China.

The widespread use of antibiotics in humans and animals raises significant environmental concerns. However, few approaches can simultaneously quantify their transfer from humans and animals and track their fate in soils and rivers. In this study, we developed the MARINA-Antibiotics model (Model to Assess River Inputs of pollutaNts to seAs for Antibiotics) to quantify the sources and concentrations of 30 widely used antibiotics, as well as assess their associated environmental risks, and implemented this model in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in 2020.

Investigating the role of transposable elements in shaping abdominal fat and egg production phenotypic traits in geese.

While transposable elements (TE) are critical drivers of genomic diversity, their influence on phenotypic traits in geese remain largely unexplored, primarily because most research has focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). In this study, we identified 157,044 TE absence polymorphisms (TAP) in the genome of 566 Sichuan White geese through whole-genome resequencing (with an average coverage depth of 12.44 ×) to evaluate their influence across different populations, and we extended our investigation to include a TE genome-wide association study (TE-GWAS) encompassing 48 traits, with a particular focus on abdominal fat weight.

Acupuncture for Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review of Clinical Efficacy and Mechanistic Insights.

Parkinson's disease (PD) has been recognized for more than two centuries. Historically viewed as a clinicopathological entity, PD may have diverse genetic or environmental factors that initiate the disease through various, albeit partially overlapping, pathways. The disease manifests both motor and non-motor symptoms, which may occur individually or concurrently, with a tendency to gradually worsen and intensify as the disease progressed.

Multi-Omics Profiling of the 42-Day Infant Gut as a Pilot Predictor of Atopic Dermatitis at One Year: A Birth Cohort Study in China.

Background: Early-life gut microbiota and metabolism are increasingly linked to immune development and atopic diseases. However, predictive microbial and metabolic markers present during the neonatal period for later atopic dermatitis (AD) remain poorly defined. This study aimed to identify early-life gut microbiome and metabolite signatures associated with the development of AD by one year of age.

Tumor irradiation induced immunogenic response: the impact of DNA damage induction and misrepair.

Focal tumor irradiation, a cornerstone of cancer therapy, has been increasingly recognized for its capacity to provoke systemic immunogenic responses that extend beyond localized tumor control. Recent advances highlight DNA damage, especially DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), as a central mediator linking radiotherapy to anti-tumor immune activation. Importantly, DNA misrepair, prevalent in cancer cells with deficient or dysregulated repair machinery, serves as a double-edged sword: while fostering tumor adaptation and genomic instability, it also fuels immune recognition through the accumulation of neoantigens, extracellular DNA release, immunogenic cell death, and the modulation of immune-related cytokines and chemokines.

Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen losses caused by migration and tourism in China's tropical island cities.

Islands worldwide face escalating ecological challenges from increasing migration and tourism. These pressures significantly contribute to transgression of Earth's ecosystem boundaries (ESBs). This study focuses on Hainan Island, a tropical region whose 18 cities reflect global island-ecosystem dynamics.

Cognitive reserve mitigates cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease by protecting white matter fibers: an automated fiber quantification study.

This study investigates how cognitive reserve (CR), developed through education and other cognitive activities, can slow cognitive dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients by examining cerebral white matter fiber connectivity. We prospectively enrolled 125 patients with CSVD from the Department of Neurology between 2021 and 2023, including 69 patients with no cognitive impairment (nonCI) and 56 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Patients were divided into low cognitive reserve (LCR) and high cognitive reserve (HCR) subgroups based on the median of years of education (≤ 9 vs.

Plant diversity promotes soil nitrogen retention and removal processes in wetlands.

Although nitrogen (N) cycling processes are fundamental to the functioning of wetland ecosystems, the effects and underlying mechanisms of plant diversity on soil N cycling remain insufficiently understood. We conducted a field survey (123 soil samples) and a pot experiment (528 soil samples) to examine how multidimensional plant diversity (species diversity, phylogenetic diversity, and functional group diversity) affects key N cycling processes in wetland soils across different phenological stages (seedling, fast-growing, reproductive, and wilting). The results showed that multidimensional plant diversity was positively correlated with dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), a N retention process, and denitrification, a N removal process, with greater effects on denitrification.

Advancing Sodium-Ion Battery Cathodes: A Low-Cost, Eco-Friendly Mechanofusion Route from TiO Coating to Ti Doping.

Layered oxide battery cathodes often require extra stabilization strategies, such as surface coating or doping, to mitigate side reactions and enhance longevity. Conventional methods such as aqueous deposition and atomic layer deposition are costly and environmentally unfriendly and even damage the original structure, especially for air-sensitive sodium-ion battery (SIB) cathodes. Herein, we introduce an all-dry mechanofusion technique that modifies hydroxide precursors with TiO coating before sintering with a sodium source.

Unveiling the relationship between counterion size and spin crossover dynamics in hexadentate Schiff-base manganese(III) complexes.

Understanding the relationship between molecular packing/interaction and the spin crossover property is essential for advancing solid-state molecular memory devices. In this work, a series of hexadentate Schiff-base manganese(III) complexes ([Mn(4F-sal323)]X, X = ClO (1); X = AsF (2); X = PF (3); X = ReO (4) and X = NO (5)) were synthesized and characterized. Magnetic studies showed that complex 1 exhibited an abrupt spin transition at 90 K with a 10 K wide thermal hysteresis, while complexes 2-5 exhibited gradual and incomplete spin transition with no hysteresis.

Real-time underwater visible light mobile communication with conditional feedback threshold under random receiver orientations.

The capability for real-time mobile communication is crucial for underwater visible light communication applications. In practical real-time underwater visible light mobile communication (UVLMC) systems, movement orientation significantly impacts communication performance. However, there is limited research on this aspect.

Resynthesis of synthetic biology techniques: combining engineered bacteria with other antitumour therapies.

Worldwide cancer mortality rates underscore the pressing need to identify and develop novel anticancer therapies to supplement traditional cancer treatments. Naturally occurring bacteria are ideal for cancer therapy owing to their autonomous propulsion and hypoxia-targeting properties, but their poor tumour targeting ability and weak tumour penetration limit their use. Bacteria can be modified by bioengineering and nanotechnology methods to improve their physiological activity and therapeutic effect.

Functional properties and sensitization of β-lactoglobulin were improved by covalent binding with exopolysaccharides and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.

Β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) was a major allergen in cow's milk and its sensitization has severely limited the dairy consumption. In this study, a ternary complex was prepared by covalent binding β-LG to exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A81 and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), i.e.

Dynamic three-dimensional culture enhances tunneling nanotubes-mediated mitochondrial transfer in mesenchymal stromal cells to accelerate wound healing.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown promise in treating various diseases, and optimizing their therapeutic potential is a crucial objective in MSCs-based clinical applications. The microenvironment, particularly three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, plays a pivotal role in regulating the fate determination and enhancing the therapeutic potential of MSCs. Currently, the mechanisms governing the interactions between MSCs cultured in a dynamic 3D system and host recipient cells remain incompletely understood.

Highly Stable and Monodispersed Silica-Coated CsPbBr Perovskite Quantum Dots as Ultraefficient Light Conversion Phosphors for Micro-Light-Emitting Diodes.

Silica coating is widely employed to improve the stability of perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) as light conversion phosphors. When used in combination with micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) for next-generation displays, however, most silica-coated PQDs (Si-PQDs) face some challenges: (i) polarity mismatch between silica and organic solvent undermines the fabrication of the phosphor film by unstable PQD ink; (ii) aggregation-induced large particle size hinders the micron-scale processability. Herein, we report a ligand-assisted silica-coating strategy to prepare highly monodispersed Si-PQDs for micro-LEDs.

Clinical value of elevated miR-142-3p in subclinical hypothyroidism during the second trimester of pregnancy.

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy is a common endocrine disorder, and miR-142-3p has been widely reported to be involved in thyroid function and pregnancy-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the expression of miR-142-3p in SCH patients during the second trimester of pregnancy and clarify its clinical significance. A total of 135 healthy individuals and 161 SCH patients were included in the study.

DGAT: a dynamic graph attention neural network framework for EEG emotion recognition.

Introduction: Emotion recognition based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has shown increasing application potential in fields such as brain-computer interfaces and affective computing. However, current graph neural network models rely on predefined fixed adjacency matrices during training, which imposes certain limitations on the model's adaptability and feature expressiveness.

Methods: In this study, we propose a novel EEG emotion recognition framework known as the Dynamic Graph Attention Network (DGAT).

Plasma Proteomic Analysis Reveals Complement System Changes in Irradiated Female BALB/c Mice during Mammary Carcinogenesis.

Unlabelled: The risk of breast cancer increases decades after ionizing radiation exposure, thereby linking aging intrinsically to the evolution of cancer. We hypothesized that radiation accelerates aging and carcinogenesis through similar pathways, specifically low-grade systemic inflammation. In this study, we used the radiation-genetic mammary chimera model to examine the differential expression of 532 plasma proteins in BALB/c female mice between radiation exposure and experiment termination at 18 months.

Hemolysis After Mitral Annuloplasty Ring With Residual Mild Mitral Regurgitation.

Hemolysis is a rare complication of prosthetic-ring annuloplasty surgery. We report a patient admitted to our institution for hematuria and renal insufficiency. He had undergone mitral annuloplasty for severe mitral regurgitation and tricuspid annuloplasty 3 months ago.

AI-Driven Discovery and Optimization of Positive Allosteric Modulators for NMDA Receptors: Potential Applications in Depression.

-Methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are extensively distributed throughout the central nervous system (CNS), and their dysfunction is implicated in depressive disorder. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) enhance the receptor's sensitivity and activity to agonists without direct activation. In this study, using structure-based virtual screening and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted optimization, we identified , a benzene-substituted piperidinol derivative and potent GluN2A-selective PAM.

Core Symptoms and Dynamic Interactions of Depressive Symptoms in Older Chinese Adults: A Longitudinal Network Analysis.

Depressive symptoms in older adults are associated with adverse psychosocial outcomes. Understanding how depressive symptoms interrelate can enhance intervention strategies. While network analysis has advanced our comprehension of depressive symptom structure, few studies have explored dynamic interactions in older populations.

Exploring stroke risk factors in different genders using Bayesian networks: a cross-sectional study involving a population of 134,382.

Background: The exploration of stroke risk factors provides crucial information for healthcare planning and priority setting. This study aims to utilize Bayesian network modeling to explore stroke risk factors in different genders.

Methods: We collected data from 10 cities and 13 counties in Shanxi Province, China, through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests.

Corrigendum: Mapping knowledge structure and research of the biologic treatment of asthma: a bibliometric study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

BDH2 promotes GLIPR1 promoter methylation and thus increases 5-FU sensitivity in colorectal cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an effective drug in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the development of acquired resistance to 5-FU poses a great challenge in clinical practice. Through the analysis of public datasets, we found that reduced 3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase 2 (BDH2) expression in CRC tissues predicted poor survival in CRC patients. Low expression of BDH2 in clinical CRC tissue samples predicted a higher degree of malignancy.