Synergistic effect of biochar and Phanerochaete chrysosporium regulating biofilm to promote microplastics degradation during composting.

This study aimed to explore the impact of sawdust biochar (T2), Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC, T3), and their mixtures (T4) on the polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) degradation and related mechanisms during composting, the treatment without addition was regarded as control (T1). Results showed that compared with the control, adding biochar, PC and their mixture could reduce the PE-MPs abundance from 27,833 to 17,267-22600 items/kg, and the minimum value was observed in T4. Meanwhile, the pronounced surface cracks, highest carbon loss and carbonyl index observed in T4 also confirmed this result.

AI-Driven Discovery and Optimization of Positive Allosteric Modulators for NMDA Receptors: Potential Applications in Depression.

-Methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are extensively distributed throughout the central nervous system (CNS), and their dysfunction is implicated in depressive disorder. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) enhance the receptor's sensitivity and activity to agonists without direct activation. In this study, using structure-based virtual screening and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted optimization, we identified , a benzene-substituted piperidinol derivative and potent GluN2A-selective PAM.

Characterisation of the Novel HLA-A*24:642 Allele Using New Next-Generation Sequencing Methods.

HLA-A*24:642 differs from HLA-A*24:02:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 76 T>C in exon 2.

Lab-on-device investigation of phase transition in MoO semiconductors.

Precise tuning of phase transition material properties enables multifunctional devices for information processing and energy conversion, but controlling on-device phase transitions and monitoring microscopic mechanisms remains challenging. Here, we develop a lab-on-device system for molybdenum oxide to probe operando hydrogenation mechanisms through in situ electrical and spectral characterization with density functional theory calculations, revealing threshold-driven proton dynamics that govern the transition between nonvolatile memory operation and catalytic hydrogen evolution. Moderate proton intercalation (flux < 10cm) achieves a five-order conductance modulation under ambient conditions via polaron formation and stoichiometric optimization (H/Mo up to 22%, Mo/O approaching ideal ratios), outperforming oxygen vacancy engineering.

The Novel HLA-B Allele, HLA-B*35:629N Was Identified in a Chinese Individual.

The HLA-B*35:629N allele differs from HLA-B*35:01:01:02 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 74 in exon 2.

Surprising pressure-induced magnetic transformations from helimagnetic order to antiferromagnetic state in NiI.

Interlayer magnetic interactions play a pivotal role in determining the magnetic arrangement within van der Waals (vdW) magnets, and the remarkable tunability of these interactions through applied pressure further enhances their significance. Here, we investigate NiI flakes, a representative vdW magnet, under hydrostatic pressures up to 11 GPa. We reveal a notable increase in magnetic transition temperatures for both helimagnetic and antiferromagnetic states, and find that a reversible transition between helimagnetic and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases at approximately 7 GPa challenges established theoretical and experimental expectations.

Identification of the Novel HLA-A*31:239 Allele by Next-Generation Sequencing.

HLA-A*31:239 has a single nucleotide substitution at position 329C>G when compared to the A*31:01:02:01 allele.

A Mechanochemically Gated Fluorescent Probe.

Mechanochemical gating of chemical reactions has promising potential for applications ranging from controlled polymer degradation to triggered drug release, but it remains underexplored. A mechanochemically gated molecular probe can be developed by masking either its receptor or reporter with a mechanophore, extending the concept of mechanochemical gating to chemical sensing. Here we demonstrate this concept by reporting a latent fluorescent probe with an anthracene-maleimide Diels-Alder adduct mechanophore as the masked fluorophore and an aza-crown ether as the receptor.

Optimizing extraction conditions to enhance the humification and soil remediation potential of compost-derived dissolved organic matter.

Compost tea (CT), primarily composed of dissolved organic matter derived from compost, is widely used in various environmental and agricultural applications. Nevertheless, limited information is available regarding how extraction parameters influence the quality of CT and its efficacy in soil remediation. In this study, a multi-factor orthogonal design L (4) was employed to investigate the effects of compost-to-water ratio (CWR), extraction time (ET), and aeration pattern (AP) on nutrient extraction and humification of CT, aiming to optimize the extraction conditions.

Atomic Layer Deposition of Nickel Oxides as Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

In this study, we present atomic layer deposition (ALD) of nickel oxides (NiO) using a new nickel precursor, (methylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl)nickel (NiCp(MeCp)), and ozone (O) as the oxygen source. The process features a relatively short saturation pulse of the precursor (NiCp(MeCp)) and a broad temperature window (150-250 °C) with a consistent growth rate of 0.39 Å per cycle.

Correction: Mortality Risk Prediction in Patients With Antimelanoma Differentiation-Associated, Gene 5 Antibody-Positive, Dermatomyositis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Algorithm Development and Validation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/62836.].

The Novel HLA-A Allele, HLA-A*02:1133, Identified in a Chinese Individual.

HLA-A*02:1133 differs from HLA-A*02:01:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 37 C>T in exon 1.

Characterisation of the Novel HLA-A*02:1178 Allele Using Next-Generation Sequencing Methods.

The HLA-A*02:1178 allele differs from HLA-A*02:07:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 326 in exon 7.

Identification of the Novel HLA-A*11:481 Allele by Next-Generation Sequencing.

The HLA-A*11:481 allele differs from HLA-A*11:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon -8 in exon 1.

External validation of the 2017 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in anti-MDA5 antibody-positive interstitial lung disease patients: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in China.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to assess the 2017 EULAR/ACR classification criteria performance for determining idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) in a cohort of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive IIM-related interstitial lung disease (anti-MDA5+IIM-ILD). The outcomes of patients, who did not meet the EULAR/ACR criteria, and who had interstitial pneumonia and exhibited an autoimmune phenotype associated with anti-MDA5 positivity were also investigated.

Methods: This retrospective study recruited adult patients from four hospitals in China who were diagnosed with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive IIM-related interstitial lung disease.

Mortality Risk Prediction in Patients With Antimelanoma Differentiation-Associated, Gene 5 Antibody-Positive, Dermatomyositis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: Patients with antimelanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (anti-MDA5+DM-ILD) are susceptible to rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) and have a high risk of mortality. There is an urgent need for a reliable prediction model, accessible via an easy-to-use web-based tool, to evaluate the risk of death.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model of 3-month mortality using machine learning (ML) in a large multicenter cohort of patients with anti-MDA5+DM-ILD in China.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and short-term mortality in patients having anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study.

Background: In this study, we aimed to explore the association between baseline and early changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the 30-day mortality rate in patients having anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD).

Methods: Overall, 263 patients with anti-MDA5 DM-ILD from four centers in China were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of baseline NLR on the 30-day mortality rate in patients with anti-MDA5-positive DM-ILD.

Bose-Einstein condensation of a two-magnon bound state in a spin-1 triangular lattice.

In ordered magnets, the elementary excitations are spin waves (magnons), which obey Bose-Einstein statistics. Similarly to Cooper pairs in superconductors, magnons can be paired into bound states under attractive interactions. The Zeeman coupling to a magnetic field is able to tune the particle density through a quantum critical point, beyond which a 'hidden order' is predicted to exist.

Photochemistry of dissolved organic matter derived from compost.

The extensive application of compost to enhance soil quality highlights the crucial role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from compost in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, influencing carbon cycling and the fate of contaminants. However, the photochemical behavior of compost-derived DOM (DOM) remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the photochemical transformation and photoactivity of DOM derived from typical composts produced from cow manure (CDOM) and pig manure (PDOM).

Mechanochemical Release of 9,10-Diphenylanthracene via Flex-Activation of Its 1,4-Diels-Alder Adduct.

Flex-activated mechanophores capable of releasing small molecules utilize bond bending to facilitate their mechanochemical activation without compromising the overall macromolecular architecture, which have great potential in various applications. However, the development of such mechanophores remains underexplored. Here we report a novel flex-activated mechanophore based on the 1,4-Diels-Alder (DA) adduct of 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) with acetylenedicarboxylate (ADC).

Arachnoid Cyst Associated With Traumatic Chronic Subdural Hemorrhage in Children.

Introduction: It was reported that most arachnoid cyst (AC)-associated chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) was spontaneous. However, AC with CSDH caused by trauma was extremely scarcely reported. In this paper, the authors reported a successful surgical treatment of a case of AC associated with CSDH after trauma.

Effects of selenate on greenhouse gas release and microbial community variations during swine manure composting.

Co-composting of livestock manure and selenate is an effective means to produce selenium-rich organic fertilizer. However the effect of selenate on greenhouse gas emission during composting is still unknown. To probe the influences of selenate on greenhouse gas and microbial community changes during swine manure composting.

Volatile Flavor Analysis in Yak Meat: Effects of Different Breeds, Feeding Methods, and Parts Using GC-IMS and Multivariate Analyses.

This study investigates the effects of breeds, feeding methods, and parts on the volatile flavor of yak meat. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the volatile organic components (VOCs) in yak meat from various sources. A total of 71 volatile compounds were identified, 53 of which were annotated based on the GC-IMS database.

Polymer Mechanochemistry in Confined Spaces.

With the development of mechanophores, polymer mechanochemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for creating force-responsive materials with a variety of desired functions, ranging from color change to molecular release. However, it remains challenging to improve the efficiency of mechanochemical activation, especially for mechanophores embedded within polymer networks, which has profound implications for translating mechanochemical responses into materials-centered applications. The physical and chemical conditions under spatial confinement differ significantly from those in the surrounding bulk environment, offering opportunities to facilitate mechanochemical activation.