Development and validation of a machine learning model for predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in advanced gastric cancer using dynamic changes in peripheral blood clinlabomics data: a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) play a pivotal role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the biomarkers used to predict ICI efficacy are limited due to their reliance on single or static tumor characteristics. This study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) model that incorporates dynamic changes in clinlabomics data to optimize the predictive accuracy of ICI efficacy.

Ligustilide Suppresses Macrophage-Mediated Intestinal Inflammation and Restores Gut Barrier via EGR1-ADAM17-TNF-α Pathway in Colitis Mice.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease, which usually occurs in the rectal and colonic mucosa and submucosa. Ligustilide, a major component derived from (Oliv.) Diels, exerts anti-inflammation effect.

A Case of Proteus Syndrome, Suspected as Maffucci Syndrome in a Chinese Child.

Proteus syndrome (PS) is an exceptionally rare disorder characterized by asymmetric and disproportionate overgrowth of connective tissues. We report the case of an 8-year-old female presenting with irregular cranial protrusion, bilateral supraorbital ridge enlargement, overgrowth of the right hand and left foot, and a pelvic MRI revealing an ovarian tumor. Initially, the patient was suspected of having Maffucci syndrome (MS) upon admission.

Myasthenia Gravis-Like Symptoms Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report.

We describe the case of an older male patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and a history of hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. At 12 weeks after treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with systemic therapy using lenvatinib and camrelizumab, the patient was found to have progressive disease, based on the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) criteria. He also exhibited symptoms such as left eyelid ptosis and limitations in inward, upward, and downward movements of the left eye.

Silicon Phthalocyanine-Engineered Ammonium Cations for Heterointerface Reinforcement toward Thermally Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Passivation treatment for perovskite films has constituted an indispensable process in fabricating high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet the degradation or dynamic evolution of passivation layers under external stimuli persists as a critical bottleneck impeding commercialization. Here, we develop a silicon phthalocyanine-engineered ammonium cation (SiPc(4HTy)) that enables perovskite films to resist degradation under thermal stress and meanwhile reinforces the related heterointerfaces in PSCs. The surface passivation strategy based on SiPc(4HTy) efficiently reduces surface defects of perovskite films, optimizes energy level alignment, and suppresses ion diffusion, without relying on the formation of two-dimensional perovskite passivation layers.

Efficacy of integrative non-pharmacological traditional Chinese medicine approaches in enhancing gastrointestinal function and quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: The rising global incidence of cancer poses significant challenges for healthcare systems, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. This study involves a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of non-pharmacological traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) interventions, such as acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and moxibustion, in improving gastrointestinal function and quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases up to March 13, 2024, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved the comparison of non-pharmacological TCM interventions with standard pharmacological treatments in adult patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Synergistic Entropy-Rich Alloy Effect and Metal-Support Interaction Fine-Tune the Electronic Structure for Augmented Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis.

Developing multicomponent materials with high activity and establishing the precise regulation tactics of electronic structures at active sites, as well as their underlying mechanism of catalytic activity, are of great significance for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysis. In this study, we utilize the NaCl-templated assisted pyrolysis tactics to prepare a quinary NiCoFeMoZn catalyst, one heterostructure formed between a Zn-doped NiCoFe alloy and MoC-based phases within a carbon sponge. This smart design enables an effective dual-mode electronic structure fine-tuning strategy, incorporating entropy-induced modulation and metal-support interactions to precisely regulate the electronic structure of Ni active sites and enhance electrocatalytic activity.

Universal and highly sensitive detection of influenza A virus and streptococcus pneumoniae using WGA-modified magnetic SERS nanotags-based lateral flow assay.

Infection with influenza A (FluA) virus usually leads to secondary infection with streptococcus pneumoniae (s. pneumoniae). It is urgent to develop rapid, highly sensitive, simultaneous and universal point-of-care testing (POCT) techniques for FluA and s.

Risk prediction of acute variceal bleeding in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing systemic therapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Acute variceal bleeding (AVB) represents a life-threatening complication in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing systemic therapy, mainly including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antivascular drugs used alone or in combination. The pathogenesis of AVB in this population may involve tumor-related factors, treatment-induced effects, or progression of underlying portal hypertension. Identifying high-risk factors for AVB is crucial for the management of this patient population.

Metabolic interplay between endometrial cancer and tumor-associated macrophages: lactate-induced M2 polarization enhances tumor progression.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), abundant within the tumor microenvironment, are key mediators of immunosuppression and represent promising therapeutic targets. Metabolic crosstalk between tumor cells and TAMs is a critical regulator of immune phenotype switching. However, the interactions between endometrial cancer (EC) cells and TAMs remain incompletely understood.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of MASLD and Met-ALD patients: Insights from NHANES 2017-2020.

Introduction And Objectives: Recent reclassifications of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic-associated alcoholic liver disease (Met-ALD) have prompted the need for better characterization of these conditions. This study aimed to explore the demographic and clinical features of these liver diseases.

Materials And Methods: Data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey identified 3755 participants with steatotic liver disease (SLD) using ultrasound transient elastography.

An SPR-based active ingredient recognition strategy for identifying PLK1-targeting withanolides as natural ferroptosis inducers.

The research on bioactive components of natural products (NPs) is confronted with cumbersome separation processes and poor targeting specificity. How to efficiently and precisely identify active components remains a critical challenge in NPs research. Our previous research has confirmed that Tubocapsenolide A (TA), a major withanolide isolated from Tubocapsicum anomalum, induces ferroptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) by targeting PLK1.

Multi-Stage Energy Conversion in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Electrogenesis Boosted Immunotherapy.

Electrical energy enables tumor therapy by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, its clinical translation remains hindered by the reliance on external electrodes and the biocompatibility challenges of inorganic sensitizers. Here, covalent organic frameworks (COFs)-based energy-conversion platform termed as Py-ttTII@PEG, is engineered for non-invasive photo-triggered electrocatalysis augmented immunotherapy. The donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) building block, composed of electron-rich thienoisoindigo, electron-deficient thienothiophene, and tetradentate counterpart, pyrene tetraaniline (Py(NH)), is used to construct Py-ttTII@PEG.

Resynthesis of synthetic biology techniques: combining engineered bacteria with other antitumour therapies.

Worldwide cancer mortality rates underscore the pressing need to identify and develop novel anticancer therapies to supplement traditional cancer treatments. Naturally occurring bacteria are ideal for cancer therapy owing to their autonomous propulsion and hypoxia-targeting properties, but their poor tumour targeting ability and weak tumour penetration limit their use. Bacteria can be modified by bioengineering and nanotechnology methods to improve their physiological activity and therapeutic effect.

Multi-modal MRI cascaded incremental reconstruction with coarse-to-fine spatial registration.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) typically utilizes multiple contrasts to assess different tissue features, but prolonged scanning increases the risk of motion artifacts. Compressive sensing MRI (CS-MRI) employs computational reconstruction algorithm to accelerate imaging. Full-sampled auxiliary MR images can effectively assist in the reconstruction of under-sampled target MR images.

Self-Assembly of 3D-Printed Multiscale Micropillar-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Ultrasensitive Dopamine Sensing.

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) with self-amplification have emerged as a promising approach for dopamine monitoring. However, the planar gate electrode structures in current OECTs significantly hinder the improvement of sensitive dopamine detection. Here, we develop an aerosol jet three-dimensional (3D) printing method to generate multiscale micropillar-based OECTs with tunable nanofeatures for ultrasensitive DA detection.

Novel Carrier-Free Nanomedicine for Regulating Macrophage Phenotype to Amplify Anti-Tumor Photoimmunotherapy.

Photoimmunotherapy presents a significant development potential both in inducing anti-tumor immunity and regulating the tumor microenvironment. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) severely impedes the infiltration and functional activity of immune cells, while conventional immunotherapy strategies often fall short of inducing a potent and sustained anti-tumor immune response. Here, stable carrier-free self-assembled nanoparticles (BC NPs) based on π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions is developed using photosensitizer Ce6 and Baicalein, a natural product isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis.

Defect-Tuned Carbon Layer Thickness Modulates Intermediate Confinement for Enhanced Carbon-Carbon Coupling in CO Electroreduction to Ethanol.

The carbon-layer-induced intermediate escape confinement effect improves electrocatalytic C-C coupling by reducing the diffusion of intermediates, thereby maintaining a high local concentration of these intermediates. Guided by finite element analysis simulations, CuSn(OH)@C was synthesized with varying carbon layer thicknesses. The findings demonstrate that the thickness of the carbon layer significantly influences the diffusion behavior of C intermediates within the catalyst's internal space during the CO electroreduction reaction (CORR).

Baohe Pingwei power plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves the resection rate and reduces postoperative recurrence in gastric cancer (GC) but is often associated with significant toxicity. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of cancer, and Baohe Pingwei powder can help alleviate the side effects of chemotherapy and enhance the therapeutic effect. However, there is no clinical evidence supporting its use in patients who underwent surgery for GC treatment.

Achieving Efficient Self-Driven Full-Stokes Photodetection in Optically Active Ferroelectric.

Full-Stokes polarization detection, enabling the acquisition of complete polarization information, is crucial across various fields such as target identification, robotic perception, and 3D reconstruction. Nevertheless, achieving efficient multiple polarization state detection simultaneously with high recognition accuracy in a compact device remains a significant challenge. Herein, for the first time, we report an optically active ferroelectric OAEAPbBr (1, where OA is n-octylammonium, EA is ethylammonium), capable of realizing a self-driven full-Stokes polarization detection.

PRV Induces Neurological Inflammatory Injury by Activating Necroptosis of Brain Tissue.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) can infect a wide range of animal species, including swine and rodents. Infection in pigs is associated with significant economic losses in the global pork industry and is characterized by acute, often fatal disease, as well as central nervous system (CNS) invasion, which leads to neurological manifestations. Although PRV replication has been extensively characterized in certain murine neuronal cell lines such as Neuro-2a, the mechanisms underlying PRV-induced neuroinflammatory injury and necroptosis remain largely unclear.

Machine learning model interpretability using SHAP values: Applied to the task of classifying and predicting the nutritional content of different cuts of mutton.

The rapid identification and prediction of nutritional components in fresh meat products pose a significant challenge. This study aims to classify different cuts of fresh mutton and predict their nutritional components using SVM and PLS model, focusing on the differences in fatty acid composition among the , hindshank, and foreshank. An SVM-SHAP model predicted crude fat, protein, and fatty acids, while interpreting feature contributions.

Stiffness-Tunable Neurotentacles for Minimally Invasive Implantation and Long-Term Neural Activity Recordings.

Flexible microelectrodes are ideal for chronic neural recordings; however, their low bending strength poses challenges during probe insertion. Here, a stiffness-tunable polyimide probe, termed Neurotentacle, is proposed for deep brain implantation. Its tunability is enabled by embedded microchannels with controllable liquid pressure.

Regulatory Effects of Zhenxin Formula in Treating Doxorubicin-Induced Heart Failure: Network Pharmacology and Animal Experimental Verification.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of Zhenxin Formula (ZXF) against doxorubicin (Dox)-induced HF through the integration of network pharmacology, phospho-antibody array analysis, and experimental validation.

Methods: The active components and potential targets of ZXF were identified via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) platform, while HF-associated target genes were retrieved from the OMIM, Genecards, and TTD databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and compound-disease target networks were constructed using Cytoscape 3.

Personalized Gut-Liver Microphysiological System Maps Donor-Specific Tissue-Resident Immunity and Reveals a Conserved Metabolic Crosstalk.

Tissue-resident immune (TRI) niches are unique to tissues and greatly vary between individuals. We built a personalized gut-liver microphysiological system (MPS) to recapitulate these profiles, combining primary colon epithelium, hepatocytes, and autologous CD45⁺ TRI cells of two donors. Single-cell RNA-seq of colon and liver revealed distinct TRI profiles and predicted responses distinct between donors.