Ocular toxicity and potential mechanism of nanomaterials: An issue worthy of investigation.

Nanomaterials are widely used. The gases emitted from industrial manufacturing contain nanoparticles, which increases the chance of nanomaterials coming into contact with the eyes. Nanomaterials may cause damage to the eyeball wall and eye contents, manifested as keratitis, neovascularization of the iris, vitreous inflammation, retinitis, etc.

Nanoplastics reshape lipid metabolism in marine microalgae with potential ecological consequence.

Nanoplastics (NPs) in marine ecosystems have garnered increasing attention for their interference with the physiological processes of aquatic organisms. An in-depth examination of the toxicological responses of Nannochloropsis oceanica, a species vital to marine ecosystems, is essential due to the crucial role of lipid metabolism in carbon sequestration and energy allocation in microalgae. This study analyzed the toxicological responses of N.

Marine organism-inspired tough and adhesive patch based on thermosensitive quaternized chitin for tissue sealing/repair and hemostasis.

Tissue adhesives have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional sutures and staplers in the management of hemostasis, tissue defect sealing, and wound repair. However, the efficacy of current bio-adhesives in clinical practice is compromised by the limitations, including poor wet adhesion, inadequate mechanical strength, vulnerability to gastrointestinal fluids, and insufficient hemostatic performance. Herein, a marine organism-inspired tough and adhesive patch (MOTAP) was developed to address these challenges.

Clinical characteristics of dyslipidemia in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: a single-center experience in China.

Aims: Dyslipidemia is frequently observed among individuals diagnosed with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), though its specific characteristics remain incompletely defined. This study aimed to examine the lipid profile patterns and medical features of dyslipidemia in people suffering from PBC.

Methods: Following the classification criteria proposed by the National Lipid Association, dyslipidemia is classified on the basis of abnormal plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

[Mechanism of Qilin pills in the treatment of asthenozoospermia: Based on HPLC-MS combined with bioinformatics].

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the main active substances of Qilin pills by high performance liquid chromatogre-electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-Orbitrap /MS), and explore the mechanism of its action in the treatment of asthenozoospermia by combining network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Methods: (1) Qilin pills were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed by HPLC-Q-Orbitrap /MS. (2) The top 100 compounds in Qilin pills were screened by content analysis and SwissADME, and their targets were predicted.

Epoxidation Selectivity of Cyclohexene Catalyzed by Electric Field at the Interface of Microdroplets without Catalyst.

The interface of aqueous microdroplets has been proven to have a large number of unique properties, which can initiate reactions that cannot occur in bulk solution. In this work, we found that cyclohexene spontaneously oxidized at the gas-liquid interface of the microdroplets under mild conditions. Notably, tetrabutylammonium bromide as an electrolyte added to the reaction system can promote the directional epoxidation of cyclohexene.

Effectiveness of computer-assisted cognitive training on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer-assisted cognitive training (CACT) on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Additionally, it aimed to explore the changes in specific cognitive domains before and after treatment.

Design: The study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Atomically dispersed Ru in ZIF-67 as a high-performance HER catalyst: structural evolution and deactivation mechanism elucidation.

Despite the prevalence of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67)-derived catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the catalytic potential of pristine ZIF-67 remains obscured by its inherent inertness. In this work, we address this gap by developing an annealing-free strategy to implant atomically dispersed noble metals (Ru, Rh, and Pd) into the intact ZIF-67 framework. Remarkably, Ru single-atom modification reduces the HER overpotential of ZIF-67/CC by 252 mV at 10 mA cm (from 331 mV to 79 mV) and slashes the Tafel slope by 70%, representing the most significant activation of pristine ZIF-67 reported for the HER.

Osmotic Energy Directly Driving Flexible All-Solid-State 2D Nanofluidic Pressure Sensors.

Current utilization of osmotic energy often involves multiple complex processes, including collection, storage, and conversion, which limits its applicability in portable electronic devices. Inspired by the biosensing system of human skin, a novel iontronic pressure sensor is developed, directly driven by osmotic energy. By leveraging the tunable nanofluidic effects of 2D materials, ion selective migration driven by osmotic energy is controlled through mechanical modulating of interlayer spacing, thereby converting external pressure into encodable electrical signals.

Efficacy and Safety of Entecavir, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, and Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate in Treating Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure with Hepatitis B Virus: A Network Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Oral nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are widely used in managing hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). Among first-line therapies, entecavir (ETV), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) are commonly prescribed. However, their comparative efficacy and safety remain unclear in HBV-ACLF.

Systems metabolic engineering of Klebsiella pneumoniae for high-level 1,3-propanediol production.

1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is an essential monomer used in the synthesis of polytrimethylene terephthalates. However, the microbial production of 1,3-PDO is limited by product tolerance and Vitamin B12 (VB) supplementation. In this study, FMME-KP-a Klebsiella pneumoniae strain with a 1,3-PDO titer of 63.

Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction optimization of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides, and combined analysis of the relationship between polysaccharide structure and activity by liquid chromatography and GC-MS.

Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide (CDPS) serves as a key active component in both medicinal and edible functional foods. By optimizing the enzyme ratio and ultrasonic extraction parameters, the extraction yield was raised to 23.83 %, and four fractions (CDPS-1 to CDPS-4) were obtained through graded purification.

Association between prognostic nutritional index and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia: a retrospective study based on MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a significant clinical challenge in the ICU due to its high mortality rate. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), a composite biomarker based on serum albumin levels and total lymphocyte counts, reflects nutritional and immune status, but its prognostic significance in VAP patients remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between PNI and mortality in critically ill patients with VAP.

A novel algae-assisted sequencing batch and intermittent air-lift bioreactor (A-SBIAB) using polyester filament-based carriers for piggery wastewater treatment.

Algae-assisted biological wastewater treatment technology has been widely applied in wastewater treatment due to its low cost and great removal performance. However, the stabilization and sustainability of the alga-bacteria symbiosis system still need to be developed. In this work, an algae-assisted sequencing batch and intermittent air-lift bioreactor (A-SBIAB) system was constructed for removing the nutrients from the piggery wastewater.

Earth's Hadean crust formed via operation of convergent tectonics.

Determining the composition, formation mechanisms and stability of the Hadean continental crust is essential for understanding the early geological history of Earth. Detrital zircons, largely from Jack Hills of Western Australia, provide the dominant direct records for the nature of continental crust during the Hadean eon and its formation processes. Although isotope and trace element compositions of these zircons are extensively determined, the major and trace element compositions of their host rocks and corresponding parental magmas remain largely debated, making the nature and evolution of the early Earth's crust ambiguous.

A Case of Measles Virus-caused Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Diagnosed by Molecular and Clinical Analysis.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare and lethal neurodegenerative encephalitis caused by persistent measles virus infection. We report an SSPE case in a patient infected at 6 months old, diagnosed using clinical methods and metagenomic sequencing, highlighting the benefits of combining clinical and molecular techniques for improved diagnosis.

Copper Ion and Tannic Acid Polyphenol-Metal Scaffold Loaded with Curcumin Promote Skin Wound Healing.

Skin wound healing is a complex physiological process that requires coordinated action of various tissue cells. Several factors, such as infection and excessive inflammation, can prolong the healing process and, in severe cases, may lead to chronic wounds, threatening people's lives and health. Therefore, effective treatment strategies are required to accelerate the healing process and improve the quality of healing.

Comprehensive Insights into Tracheoesophageal Fistula Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions.

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) represents a pathological connection between the trachea and esophagus, classified into congenital and acquired categories. Congenital TEF arises from embryological malformations, often coexisting with esophageal atresia (EA), while acquired TEF primarily stems from malignancies, radiotherapy, or trauma. This condition disrupts normal anatomical functions, leading to significant clinical issues, such as aspiration, respiratory infections, and malnutrition.

Progress in brucellosis immune regulation inflammatory mechanisms and diagnostic advances.

Brucellosis, a globally prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Brucella species, remains a major public health concern, especially in endemic regions. This study delves into the complex interactions between host immune responses and Brucella infection, focusing on both protective immunity and pathological inflammation. Key topics include pathogen recognition pathways, strategies employed by Brucella to evade immune defenses, and the collaborative roles of innate and adaptive immunity in driving disease progression.

Exploring a new approach in biopharmaceutics to improve the estimation of stomach solubilization from the mathematical model with a single stomach compartment setting: The impact of stomach solubilization on the food effect of quazepam.

The pharmaceutical sector is increasingly prioritizing the improvement of predictive modeling for human pharmacokinetics (PK) related to drug candidates, aiming to reduce costs and enhance efficiency in research and development. Most of these initiatives have focused on predicting drug absorption after oral administration, which is the preferred method for drug delivery. Despite significant progress in this field, accurately forecasting the fraction of the dose that is absorbed (Fa) continues to pose a considerable challenge.

A Replication-Defective Myxoma Virus Inducing Pro-Inflammatory Responses as Monotherapy and an Adjuvant to Chemo- and DC Immuno-Therapy for Ovarian Cancer.

Myxoma virus (MYXV), a rabbit-specific poxvirus and non-pathogenic in humans and mice, is an excellent candidate oncolytic virus for cancer therapy. MYXV also has immunotherapeutic benefits. In ovarian cancer (OC), immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key to inhibiting antitumor immunity while hindering therapeutic benefit by chemotherapy and dendritic cell (DC) vaccine.

Discovery of a highly selective BChE inhibitor with concomitant anti-neuroinflammatory activity for treating Alzheimer's disease.

Recently, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, 20 novel carbamate-based N-benzoyl tryptamine derivatives were designed and synthesized by integrating a BChE-targeting fragment with the original carrier scaffold, which possesses good anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Among them, N14 was proved to be the most potent and highly selective BChE inhibitor [eqBChE IC = 18.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction: a review of its association with extracardiac organ pathologies.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a high-risk factor for numerous cardiovascular events, and there is an increasing focus on the diagnosis and treatment of CMD itself or its association with cardiovascular diseases. However, some evidences suggest potential associations between CMD and multiple extracardiac pathologies, such as cerebrovascular, renal, pulmonary, retinal, hepatic, immune system diseases, and cancer. A shared pathological mechanism may underlie these connections, yet the relationship between CMD and other organs and systemic diseases remains unclear.

Nature-Inspired MXene Electrode with the Highly Interconnected Gradient Nanoconfined Architecture.

Achieving efficient ion transport in thick electrodes remains a fundamental challenge in electrochemical systems with high energy density, primarily due to prolonged diffusion pathways and poorly integrated architectures. Leveraging the nanoconfinement effect, (sub)nanoscale channels can significantly accelerate ion transport kinetics to maximize electrochemical performance. Inspired by the hierarchical network structure of bamboo membrane, a gradient nanoconfined MXene electrode (GNC-MX) is designed, where multiscale interlayer spacing is coupled with in-plane mesopores that bridge adjacent nanoconfined channels, enabling synergistic vertical and horizontal ion migration.

Cardiac arrest during peri-anesthetic systemic induction and maintenance in valvular heart disease: proceed or abandon? Clinical validation of a modified cardiopulmonary bypass strategy in 21 patients.

Background: Critical gaps persist in clinical guidelines and resuscitation strategies for induction and maintenance phase peri-anesthetic cardiac arrest (IM-PACA), urgently necessitating exploration of feasible solutions during anesthesia induction and maintenance periods. This study evaluates a modified cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) strategy for managing IM-PACA in valvular heart disease (VHD) surgical patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on IM-PACA patients (n = 21) from 1,043 cardiac valve surgeries between March 2019 and January 2022 as the cardiac arrest-resuscitation group (CAR group).