Stage-Resolved Phosphoproteomic Landscape of Mouse Spermiogenesis Reveals Key Kinase Signaling in Sperm Morphogenesis.

Spermiogenesis is the committed step of sperm production, during which spermatid cells undergo dramatic morphological transformations and transcriptional silencing. Post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, provide a level of protein function flexibility and play important roles in spermiogenesis. Dynamic protein phosphorylation profiles of spermatids are characterized across four different developing steps, and identified phosphorylation regulation of key proteins in spermiogenesis.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Medical Students Toward Prehospital Emergency Care: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Emergency education is a critical component of medical training, enabling students to effectively respond to urgent and life-threatening situations. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of medical students regarding prehospital emergency care, and to explore the factors influencing these dimensions.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September 1 and October 10, 2024, at Wannan Medical College in Anhui province, southeastern China.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with anti-angiogenic therapy as second- or further-line treatment for small cell lung cancer: Efficacy, safety, and prognostic biomarkers.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options, especially after failure of initial therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and anti-angiogenic agents have emerged as promising options for relapsed SCLC. This observational study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ICIs plus anti-angiogenic therapy for relapsed SCLC patients, and to identify potential prognostic indicators.

Tuning Intercrystal Interactions between Metal-Organic Frameworks through Water Adsorption.

Naturally powdered metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) usually require packing for practical applications, where intercrystal interactions play pivotal roles. Herein, using an atomic force microscope with a MOF HKUST-1 crystallite-tipped probe, we directly find that the intercrystal adhesion energy of as-synthesized HKUST-1 with adsorbed water molecules is quadruple that of its activated counterpart. A similar large enhancement in the intercrystal adhesion energy of HKUST-1 due to water adsorption is also observed in molecular dynamics simulations, which is ascribed to the formation of strongly interacting hydrogen-bond networks, driven by copper paddlewheels massively exposed on HKUST-1 surfaces and intercalated water molecules adsorbed in surface cavities.

Identification of antibacterial and chemotactic activities of a novel NK-lysin peptide from Lateolabrax japonicus.

NK-lysin is an effective antimicrobial peptide secreted by natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Although numerous studies have been conducted on NK-lysin, its biological functions have not yet been comprehensively catalogued. In this study, a novel NK-lysin peptide, NKLj27, located in the SapB domain of Japanese seabass Lateolabrax japonicus, was identified and synthesized, and its antibacterial and chemotactic activities were investigated.

A simple derivatization and highly sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of glycidol and 2-/3-monochloropropanediol in heated tobacco product aerosol.

Glycidol, 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), and 2-chloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD), known as thermal processing contaminants, have been identified in heated tobacco product (HTP) aerosol, raising significant health concerns. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a quantitative analytical method for the release of them. In this study, ethyl acetate was used to extract the aerosol of HTP collected by Cambridge filter pad (CFP), the extract was derivatized with heptafluorobutyrylimidazole (HFBI), washed and dried before being analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Roadmap for Photonics with 2D Materials.

Triggered by advances in atomic-layer exfoliation and growth techniques, along with the identification of a wide range of extraordinary physical properties in self-standing films consisting of one or a few atomic layers, two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and other van der Waals (vdW) crystals now constitute a broad research field expanding in multiple directions through the combination of layer stacking and twisting, nanofabrication, surface-science methods, and integration into nanostructured environments. Photonics encompasses a multidisciplinary subset of those directions, where 2D materials contribute remarkable nonlinearities, long-lived and ultraconfined polaritons, strong excitons, topological and chiral effects, susceptibility to external stimuli, accessibility, robustness, and a completely new range of photonic materials based on layer stacking, gating, and the formation of moiré patterns. These properties are being leveraged to develop applications in electro-optical modulation, light emission and detection, imaging and metasurfaces, integrated optics, sensing, and quantum physics across a broad spectral range extending from the far-infrared to the ultraviolet, as well as enabling hybridization with spin and momentum textures of electronic band structures and magnetic degrees of freedom.

Removal mechanisms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochar and its effects on plant growth.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) could be produced during the preparation of biochar, which may pose potential risks to the environment and human health. Existing research mainly focuses on the removal efficiency of PAHs in biochar using different methods. Still, there are few reports on the removal mechanism of PAHs and the impact of treated biochar on plant growth.

Vascular anomaly as a cause of late bleeding after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A case report.

Background: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) bleeding is a serious complication, and related case reports have described various bleeding events following ERCP, including injury to the right gastroepiploic artery, bleeding from biliary varices, retroperitoneal hematoma in liver transplant recipients and subcapsular liver hematoma after ERCP.

Case Summary: We present a case of a 55-year-old male patient who developed post-ERCP hemorrhage one month after undergoing ERCP, endoscopic sphincterotomy, and bile duct stone removal for acute biliary pancreatitis. The patient presented with upper abdominal pain and melena, and imaging studies revealed high-density shadows in the intrahepatic bile duct, gallbladder, and lower segment of the common bile duct, suggestive of bleeding.

Knowledge-GPT Guided Generalizable Reinforcement Learning for Intelligent Emergency Generator Tripping in Power System.

Emergency control is essential for ensuring transient stability in power systems after faults. This study addresses the limitations in existing methods by proposing a knowledge-generative pretrained transformer (GPT)-guided generalizable reinforcement learning (RL) approach for intelligent emergency generator tripping. This approach incorporates general electrical principles and knowledge-GPT to assist deep reinforcement learning (DRL).

The relationship between parenting style and bystander's promotion of cyberbullying among college students: the mediating effect of neuroticism and moral disengagement.

To explore the relationship between parenting style and bystander's promotion of cyberbullying among Chinese college students, as well as the mediating effect of neuroticism and moral disengagement. A total of 495 college students were selected as participants in this study. The short form Egna Minnen av.

Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Alleviate Psoriatic Inflammation via Mitochondrial Transfer to Macrophages.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a safe, autologous plasma component abundant in cytokines and extracellular vesicles, frequently applied to treat inflammatory disorders. Although PRP demonstrates potential for psoriasis therapy, its underlying mechanism remains insufficiently understood. In this study, various PRP constituents were evaluated in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model of psoriasis.

A functionally tunable magnetic nanochains platform for N-glycoproteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles from ultratrace biofluids.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry complex glycoproteins critical mediators of disease progression and hold great potential for liquid biopsy applications. However, their low abundance presents significant analytical challenges. This study develop a versatile platform for EV N-glycoproteomic analysis (EVGpro), which enables tandem EV capture, EV protein digestion, and enrichment of N-glycopeptides.

Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on musculoskeletal diseases in Yangzhou during 2019-2022.

Background: Given the limited research on the association between air pollutants and musculoskeletal diseases (MDs), our study aimed to examine how exposure to air pollutants influenced the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders.

Methods: We extracted daily air pollutants and musculoskeletal diseases data from 2019 to 2022 in Yangzhou. The combined effects of air pollutants particulate matte 2.

Generation of space-time wave packets in modulated waveguide arrays.

Space-time wave packets (STWPs) with a linear dispersive spectrum propagate freely without diffraction. However, directly generating STWPs in integrated photonic systems remains a significant challenge. We propose to realize the generation of STWPs in modulated waveguide arrays.

Efficacy and safety of Qingbu Weijing decoction in treatment stable bronchiectasis: study protocol for a multicenter, double- blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Bronchiectasis is characterized by persistent cough, excessive sputum production, and recurrent infections. Chronic cough and sputum are the primary manifestations of airway mucus hypersecretion, which leads to frequent acute exacerbations and severely impairs quality of life. Qingbu Weijing Decoction (QWD) has shown promising evidence for improving sputum production and reducing the inflammatory burden.

Compressed Sensing Technology Accelerated 3D-FLAIR MRI Sequence for Endolymphatic Hydrops at 3T.

Background And Purpose: 3D-FLAIR sequence has an important contribution to the display of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in Meniere disease (MD), but its clinical application is limited because of the long acquisition time. We investigated whether 3D-FLAIR combined with compressed sensing (CS) technology (3D-FLAIR-CS) can shorten the scan time while maintaining the image quality and diagnostic efficiency for EH.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients with unilateral definite MD who underwent 3T MR imaging 4 hours after gadolinium injection using traditional 3D-FLAIR (10 minutes 35 seconds) and 3D-FLAIR-CS (5 minutes 25 seconds).

DGCA-DTA: a Deep Graph Neural Network Based on Co-Attention for Drug Target Affinity Prediction.

Accurately predicting drug-target affinity (DTA) is a critical step in drug discovery and design. By utilizing deep learning methods for DTA prediction, the drug development cycle can be shortened, and research and development costs can be reduced. Currently, graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely applied in DTA prediction.

An Exploratory Comparison of AI Models for Preoperative Anesthesia Planning: Assessing ChatGPT-4o, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, and ChatGPT-o1 in Clinical Scenario Analysis.

This exploratory study examined the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4o, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, and ChatGPT-o1 in developing anesthesia plans for critical cases. Personalized anesthesia plans are essential for ensuring surgical safety and patient satisfaction.

Neuronal Endothelin a Receptor Mediates Experimental and Clinical Vascular Pain through an Endothelial-Neural Axis.

Vascular dysfunction causes vascular pain (VP), the most common clinical manifestation of prevalent vascular diseases, while the mechanisms remain elusive. Mouse models are developed by mimicking peripheral vascular diseases and combining multiple strategies to demonstrate that primary sensory neuronal endothelin A receptor (ETAR) mediates experimental and clinical VP through an endothelial-neural axis. Endothelial cells (ECs), but not macrophages or smooth muscle cells (SMCs), release endothelin-1 (ET-1) and directly activate primary sensory neurons by binding to ETAR on sensory neurons, resulting in VP.

Synchronous percutaneous microwave ablation combined with percutaneous biopsy for highly suspected malignant pulmonary nodules: a retrospective study.

Background: There is still a lack of studies on the optimal sequence of treatment for microwave ablation (MWA) combined with percutaneous biopsy (PB) in the treatment of highly suspected malignant pulmonary nodules (PNs). This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided simultaneous MWA combined with PB in the treatment of highly suspected malignant PNs and discuss the influence of the sequential order of MWA and PB on the treatment outcome.

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2024, 91 patients with single highly suspected malignant PNs underwent synchronous MWA combined with PB.

Advanced Polymer Composites and Applications.

Polymer composite materials, engineered by combining polymeric matrices with functional fillers or reinforcing phases, represent a frontier in advanced materials science driven by the dual imperatives of performance enhancement and sustainable development [...