Research on Laser Cladding Single-Pass Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite Process Based on Abaqus.

This study addresses the critical challenges of interfacial stress mismatch, fiber degradation, and unstable clad geometry in manufacturing continuous carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum composites (Cf/Al) via laser cladding, driven by rapid thermal gradients. A dual-ellipsoid heat source-based thermoelastic-plastic finite element model was developed in Abaqus, integrating phase-dependent material properties and latent heat effects to simulate multi-physics interactions during single-track deposition, resolving transient temperature fields peaking at 1265 °C, and residual stresses across uncoated and Ni-coated fiber configurations. The work identifies an optimal parameter window characterized by laser power ranging from 700 to 800 W, scan speed of 2 mm/s, and spot radius of 3 mm that minimizes thermal distortion below 5% through gradient-controlled energy delivery, while quantitatively demonstrating nickel interlayers' dual protective role in achieving 42% reduction in fiber degradation at 1200 °C compared to uncoated systems and enhancing interfacial load transfer efficiency by 34.

A biodegradable self-cascading copper-based nanozyme for augmented cancer catalytic therapy and cuproptosis.

Nanozyme-mediated catalytic therapy is a promising and potent approach for tumor treatment; however, its therapeutic efficiency is limited by insufficient HO and excess glutathione (GSH) within the complex tumor microenvironment. Herein, we propose a self-cascading nanozyme strategy that self-supplies HO, consumes GSH, and induces cuproptosis to address these challenges. This design features a triphenylphosphine-functionalized copper-doped mesoporous silica nanoplatform (denoted as DCM) that exhibits multi-enzymatic activity, degradability, and mitochondrial targeting capacity.

A functionally tunable magnetic nanochains platform for N-glycoproteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles from ultratrace biofluids.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry complex glycoproteins critical mediators of disease progression and hold great potential for liquid biopsy applications. However, their low abundance presents significant analytical challenges. This study develop a versatile platform for EV N-glycoproteomic analysis (EVGpro), which enables tandem EV capture, EV protein digestion, and enrichment of N-glycopeptides.

Synergistic bio-mechanical pretreatment and fed-batch semi-SSF strategy for enhanced cellulosic ethanol production from ramie straw.

The recalcitrant lignocellulosic matrix impedes biorefinery efficiency‌‌. This study developed a mechanical-biological pretreatment combined with fed-batch high-solids semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (S-SSF) strategy for ethanol production from ramie straw. Results showed that dual fungal pretreatment with Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Ganoderma lucidum (GL) achieved selective lignin (59.

Utilizing Peanut Oleosome to Stabilize Emulsifier-Free Casein-Maltodextrin-Peanut Oil Emulsion: A Comparative Study.

In recent years, growing concerns over the potential health risks of food emulsifiers have driven the search for natural alternatives. Oleosomes, naturally pre-emulsified lipids, hold great promise for developing emulsifier-free emulsion products. However, research on their functionality in complex food emulsion systems under real processing conditions remains limited.

Enhanced calcium and thermal stability of whey protein hydrolysate stabilized emulsions by ultrasound-assisted glycosylation: Influence of the degree of glycosylation.

Glycosylation can enhance the thermal stability and ionic tolerance of protein hydrolysate emulsions. Ultrasound-assisted wet-heat glycosylation (UA) and precise control over the degree of glycosylation (DG) are crucial for optimizing the modification effects. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying the influence of UA on the macroscopic stability of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH)-xylose (XL) conjugate emulsions.

PTMFusionNet: A Deep Learning Approach for Predicting Disease Related Post-translational Modification and Classifying Disease Subtypes.

With the advancement of technologies such as mass spectrometry, it has become possible to simultaneously perform large-scale detection of protein intensity and corresponding post-translational modification (PTM) information, thereby facilitating clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, existing PTM information is insufficient to fully integrate with protein expression data. We propose a deep learning method called PTMFusionNet, which predicts potential disease-related PTMs and integrates them with protein expression data to classify disease subtypes.

Black rice stepwise fermentation enhances yogurt gel quality: Solidification rate, texture, LAB distribution and viability persistence.

Water holding capacity (WHC) and texture stability primarily affect yogurt quality. In this study, black rice stepwise fermented yogurt (FBY) was produced, and the enhancement of texture quality was investigated. Compared with the control, FBY shortened the solidification time by 25.

Fabrication of Nanomaterial-Immobilized Lipase Enables Robust Enzymatic Interesterification: Lipid Characteristics and Underlying Catalytic Mechanism.

The precise regulation of enzyme conformation through the immobilization of enzymes on carriers using sewing techniques represents a key focus in the site-specific chemically modification engineering. Lipase-mediated enzymatic interesterification (EIE) is of considerable significance in lipid chemistry, having demonstrated substantial potential in the modification of lipids. In this study, we developed an innovative nanomaterial FeO-SiO-APTES for site-specific immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL), achieving an immobilization yield of 51.

The regulation scheme of a double-rotor wind turbine during operation based on the transmission modes of rotors.

Current research on double-rotor wind turbines (DRWT) primarily focuses on aerodynamic performance and wake characteristics. Addressing the specific control challenges during operation, this study first establishes a geometric model of the Counter-rotating Double-Rotor Wind Turbine (C-DRWT) and an integrated drivetrain model from the dual rotors to the gearbox. Subsequently, based on the structural characteristics of C-DRWT and its operational wind speed range, three gearbox operating modes and three transmission configurations for the dual rotors are defined under necessary assumptions (e.

Ultrastable high internal phase Pickering emulsions stabilized by deamidated pea protein: Formation mechanisms and applications in 3D printing.

Food-grade high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) show promise for 3D printing applications, yet stabilizing them with natural ingredients remains challenging. This study investigated enzymatically deamidated pea protein isolate (DPPI) as a novel HIPE stabilizer. Compared to native protein, DPPI-stabilized HIPEs exhibited smaller droplet sizes, higher viscosity, and enhanced viscoelasticity.

Single-Cell Profiling Reveals Conserved Differentiation and Partial EMT Programs Orchestrating Ecosystem-Level Antagonisms in Head and Neck Cancer.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) exhibits profound intratumoral heterogeneity, driven by dynamic interactions between malignant cells and the tumour microenvironment (TME). Using consensus non-negative matrix factorisation (cNMF) on multi-site HNSC single-cell transcriptomes, we resolving conserved meta-programs define cellular ecosystems. Six major epithelial programmes emerged, including a differentiation-associated programme (Epi_Diff) correlated with SPDEF activity and favourable patient prognosis, and an invasive programme (Epi_pEMT) potentially controlled by TEAD4-mediated ECM remodelling, exhibiting partial EMT markers (VIM, TGFB1).

Causal relationship between graves' disease and mental disorders: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Many patients with Graves' disease (GD) also suffer from mental disorders in clinical practice, but their causal relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between GD and common mental disorders using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR)approach.

Methods: We derived genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for common mental disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium consortium.

Phosphoproteomics of Cerebrospinal Fluid-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Applied to Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are significant media for the cell-cell interaction in the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, characterization and analysis of CSF EVs can provide a pile of information for the discovery of molecular biomarkers of CNS diseases. Furthermore, phosphorylation of proteins plays a vital role in the regulation of protein function and cell signal transduction mechanism, and dysfunction of phosphorylation is always associated with the occurrence and progression of disease.

Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation therapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is increasingly treated with procedures. However, there is a lack of relevant systematic evaluation articles. Therefore, this study aims to explore the research landscape of PTC thermal ablation through bibliometric analysis.

NIR light-driven nanomotor with cascade photodynamic therapy for MRSA biofilm eradication and diabetic wound healing.

Diabetic wounds infected with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) are challenging to heal due to biofilm formation, which impairs conventional antibiotics with limited penetration and severe side effects. Near-infrared (NIR)-driven nanomotors with autonomous motion and photothermal effects show promise for antibacterial therapy but often lack targeted specificity. Lysostaphin (Ly), an enzyme targeting bacterial cell walls, offers excellent potential against drug-resistant MRSA.

Cyclic trace enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment enhances brown rice: Cooking and taste.

Brown rice is nutritious but with low acceptance due to its cooking inconvenience and poor taste. This study investigated the effect of cyclic trace enzymatic hydrolysis (CEH) on brown rice refining and compared it with other two treatments: cyclic trace water infiltration (CWI) and disposable enzymatic hydrolysis (DEH). As results, CEH increased the moisture content of brown rice with a relatively low crack rate.

Association between life's essential 8 and diabetic kidney disease: a population-based study.

Background And Aims: Diabetic patients are highly susceptible to cardiovascular and renal diseases. As a newly updated comprehensive index for assessing cardiovascular health (CVH), Life's essential 8 (LE8) has the potential to serve as a practical tool for evaluating the risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We are committed to exploring the relationship between LE8 and its subscales with DKD in diabetic patients, aiming to provide preliminary evidence for the formulation of clinical strategies.

Integrated UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, network pharmacology, and transcriptomics to reveal the material basis and mechanism of Schisandra chinensis Fruit Mixture against diabetic nephropathy.

Backgrounds: It has been regarded as an essential treatment option for diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies have demonstrated the anti-DN efficacy of Schisandra chinensis Fruit Mixture (SM); however, a comprehensive chemical fingerprint is still uncertain, and its mechanism of action, especially the potential therapeutic targets of anti-DN, needs to be further elucidated.

Objective: Potential mechanisms of SM action on DN were explored through network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Surface Double Dendritic Magnetic Microfibrils for Rapid Isolation and Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles from Microliters of Biofluids.

The extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for intercellular communication, and their proteomic analysis offers significant insights into their functions, although rapid and efficient analysis in trace biofluids is challenging due to their low abundance and potential protein loss. This study developed functionalized double dendritic magnetic microfibrils (fDDMMs) for efficient isolation and proteomic analysis of EVs from microliter biofluids. The fDDMMs possess dendritic mesoporous silica shell and magnetic FeO core, with bifunctional groups, Ti ions and R8 cell-penetrating peptide, grafted on the surface by dendritic molecules for enhanced EV capture.

Modulation of Gut Mycobiome and Serum Metabolome by a MUFA-Rich Diet in Sprague Dawley Rats Fed a High-Fructose, High-Fat Diet.

The intake of oleic acid-rich fats, a hallmark of the Mediterranean diet, has well-documented beneficial effects on human metabolic health. One of the key mechanisms underlying these effects is the regulation of gut microbiota structure and function. However, most existing studies focus on gut bacteria, while gut fungi, as a vital component of the gut microbiota, remain largely unexplored.

Two-Photon Direct Laser Writing of Capillary-Coupled Nanosprayer Arrays for ESI-MS.

Electrospray is a widely recognized physical process and has various applications, such as in electrospinning, space propulsion, and mass spectrometry (MS). Particularly, electrospray emitters are integral to the exceptional performance of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). This study introduced a novel method for fabricating electrospray emitters using two-photon direct laser writing, resulting in the printing of nanosprayer arrays directly onto capillary tips.

The relationship between C-reactive protein to lymphocyte ratio and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in US adults: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The C-reactive protein/Lymphocyte Ratio (CLR) is a novel biomarker whose role in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between CLR and the prevalence of CKD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 1999 and 2010.

Study on the correlation between serum IgG4/IgG levels and the development of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) with elevated IgG4 levels has different characteristics from patients with GO who do not have elevated IgG4 levels, but the study findings are contradictory. The goal of this study was first to investigate the relationship between IgG4/IgG and IgG4 levels and the occurrence of GO and then to investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with GO who had elevated IgG4 levels. This study control group consisted of 57 Graves' disease(GD)patients with no complicated ocular disease and a median followup of 54.

Association between chronic kidney disease and oxidative balance score: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018.

Background: The oxidative balance score (OBS) is a comprehensive concept that includes 16 dietary components and four lifestyle factors to assess an individual's exposure to pro-oxidants and antioxidants. This study aims to explore the relationship between OBS and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants aged 18 and above from 2005 to 2018.