Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Medical Students Toward Prehospital Emergency Care: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Emergency education is a critical component of medical training, enabling students to effectively respond to urgent and life-threatening situations. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of medical students regarding prehospital emergency care, and to explore the factors influencing these dimensions.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September 1 and October 10, 2024, at Wannan Medical College in Anhui province, southeastern China.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Community-Dwelling Older Adults Using Mobility Devices: A Cross-National Comparison between the United States and China.

Mobility disability is a significant global issue, particularly affecting older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where access to mobility devices and national statistics on their use is limited. Additionally, research on mobility device usage often overlooks cross-national and cultural perspectives. This study aims to address this gap by comparing mobility device usage and associated characteristics among community-dwelling older adults in the United States and China, using harmonized, nationally representative data from the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Association Between Neutrophil Percentage to-Albumin Ratio, Neutrophil to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to Lymphocyte Ratio and in-Hospital Mortality in Elder Patients with Bloodstream Infections.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) is one of the major complications in elder inpatients, which is closely related to inflammation. Neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and Platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) are convenient predictors of inflammation and poor prognosis for a wide range of diseases. However, the association of NPAR, NLR and PLR with in-hospital mortality in elder inpatients with BSI are unclear.

Vertical migration of antibiotics, ARGs, and pathogens in industrial multi-pollutant soils: Implications for environmental and public health.

Urban soils accumulating multiple pollutants act as critical reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogens, yet their vertical migration in industrial soils remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated antibiotics, ARGs, and pathogenic hosts in soil profiles (0-310 cm) from Shanghai's Taopu Industrial Park (China) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and metagenomic sequencing. Nineteen antibiotics (0.

Evaluation of the new antimicrobial benziothiazolinone for management of fire blight disease of pear.

Background: Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, is a devastating disease that affects apples and pears, leading to significant economic losses worldwide. The disease is typically managed through a combination of biological, cultural, and chemical strategies. Due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance and concerns regarding chemical residues, there is an urgent need for new bactericides that are both highly effective and low in toxicity.

Quantifying the relative contributions of key drivers to future changes in PAHs health risks over the Yangtze River Delta: A multi-scenario modeling approach.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as widespread carcinogenic and mutagenic pollutants, pose significant risks to human health. Their environmental distributions are strongly influenced by climate change, land use changes, and socioeconomic activities. This study employs multi-scenario simulations with an innovative coupling system, the Future Land Use Simulation-Soil and Water Assessment Tool-Multimedia Urban Model (FLUS-SWAT-MUM, FSMM), to quantify the relative contributions of key drivers to PAH concentration dynamics, environmental fluxes, and health risks across six environmental media (impervious surfaces, vegetation, soil, water, sediment, and air) in the Yangtze River Delta under two future climate-socioeconomic scenarios throughout the 21st century.

Small-molecule fluorescent probes for imaging intracellular amyloid toxicity induces ferroptosis via HClO fluctuation in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Amyloid toxicity induces ferroptosis play a crucial role in the pathological dysfunction of brains affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite this, brain probing implements for looking into the relationship between ferroptosis and ROS in the brains of AD victims are currently scarce. Herein, a HClO activated ESIPT fluorescent probe HCC-Br was engineered to investigate the complicated correlations between HClO and AD, achieving in vivo diagnosing and evaluating of AD progression.

Transcriptome, Metabolome, and Physiological Analysis Provide New Insights into the Mechanism of Prostrate/Erect Growth Habits in the Wheat Overwintering Period.

Plant architecture is a key agronomic trait affecting the crop yield. Distinct growth habits markedly influence the above-ground morphological structure, photosynthetic efficiency, and yield. Therefore, this study investigated the mechanisms underlying distinct wheat growth habits during overwintering at physiological, transcriptional, and metabolic levels to provide a theoretical foundation for breeding environmentally adaptable wheat varieties.

Drug resistance in breast cancer: Mechanisms and strategies for management.

Therapeutic resistance remains a significant challenge in breast cancer treatment, often driven by factors such as genetic mutations, dysregulation of receptors and signaling pathways, alterations in drug metabolism and transport, cellular heterogeneity, and modifications in the tumor microenvironment. As a highly heterogeneous and complex disease, breast cancer exhibits distinct molecular and histopathological characteristics, necessitating tailored therapeutic approaches. This article reviews recent advancements in understanding therapy resistance across four major subtypes - Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) - and explores potential strategies to overcome resistance, providing insights into developing novel therapeutic interventions.

Incidence and dynamics of mobility device use among community-dwelling older adults in the United States.

Mobility devices are crucial in enhancing activities and participation for individuals with mobility disability, particularly among the rapidly expanding population of older adults worldwide. This paper explores patterns of mobility device use among a nationally representative cohort of community-dwelling older adults in the United States, using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) waves 1-9 (2011-2019). Our descriptive analysis focuses on the characteristics of incident mobility device use, its influencing factors, and related user experiences, aligning with the NHATS late-life disability framework.

ACSF2-PGK1 interaction promotes ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells of diabetic nephropathy by regulating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling.

Objectives: Recent studies have highlighted the strong association between kidney disease and ferroptosis. However, the role of ferroptosis in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of ACSF2 in renal tubule injury in DN and its underlying mechanisms.

NSD1-916aa encoded by CircNSD1 contributes to AKI-to-CKD transition through inducing ferroptosis in tubular epithelial cells.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid decline in renal function. In severe or recurrent cases, AKI can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), marked by renal inflammation and fibrosis. Despite the severity of these outcomes, early-stage diagnostic tools and pharmacological interventions for AKI-to-CKD progression remain limited.

Understanding the interaction behaviors and conformational changes of tea protein with structurally diverse flavonoids.

This study systematically investigated the interaction behaviors and conformational changes of the tea protein (TP) with three flavonoids (chrysin, apigenin, and luteolin) through various experiments and computational simulations. Notably, TP formed stable and homogeneous complexes with all three flavonoids, with TP-luteolin complex being the most stable. Surface hydrophobicity and multispectral analyses revealed that flavonoid binding significantly changed the TP surface properties and conformational rearrangements.

TUG protein acts through a disordered region to organize the early secretory pathway.

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-Golgi Intermediate Compartment (ERGIC) is a network of tubules and vesicles known for producing COPI vesicles and receiving COPII vesicles from the ER. Much about its identity, stability, and regulation remains unknown. Here, we show that TUG (UBXN9, Aspscr1) protein, a central regulator of GLUT4 trafficking, localizes to the ERGIC, and that its deletion enhances anterograde flux of a model soluble cargo protein.

Mechanism of Forced-Copy-Choice RNA Recombination by Enteroviral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases.

Forced-copy-choice recombination occurs at the end of a template, differing from copy-choice recombination, which happens at internal positions. This mechanism may produce full-length genomes from fragments created by host antiviral responses. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that poliovirus (PV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) switches to an "acceptor" template when initiated on a heteropolymeric RNA-primed "donor" template.

Histone Demethylase UTX Suppresses Tumor Cell Proliferation by Regulating Stress Granules.

UTX (also known as KDM6A) is a histone H3K27 demethylase that acts as an important tumor regulator. UTX has been reported to participate in genome-wide histone modifications and gene expression in tumorigenesis and its mutations are identified in human cancers. Here, UTX is demonstrated to localize both in the cytoplasm and nucleus, notably, cytoplasmic UTX forms puncta and co-localizes in stress granules (SGs) upon different stresses in vitro.

Exploration of the effect of ultrasound treatment on starch-theanine-EGCG complexes based on multi-scale structure and prediction of the interaction by density functional theory calculations.

Ultrasonication (US) is an emerging green modification technique in food science, yet its impact on starch-tea active ingredient interactions and digestibility remains underexplored. This study investigated the effects of US on maize starch (MS) complexed with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and L-theanine (THE). US induced agglomeration and adhesion, increasing viscosity ( < 0.

Protective effect of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 on inflammation and fibrotic progression of IgA nephropathy.

Introduction: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) is an essential enzyme of the gluconeogenic pathway, which can affect kidney physiology in various ways. Nevertheless, its role in the progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) remains to be elucidated.

Methods: We identified the differentially expressed genes in the glomeruli of IgAN patients through weighted gene co-expression network analysis across three datasets.

Spectral analysis and computational simulation to investigate the synergistic mechanism of L-theanine and epigallocatechin gallate in inhibiting α-glucosidase activity.

Natural products are gaining attention as α-glucosidase (α-GLU) inhibitors owing to their safety and multifunctionality. L-theanine (THE) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in tea have inhibitory effects, but whether their synergistic inhibition of α-GLU remains unclear. This study investigated the synergistic mechanism of THE and EGCG in inhibiting α-GLU activity using spectral analysis and computational simulation.

Research on low-Impact development layouts in old urban residential communities based on multi-objective optimization.

Challenges such as poor drainage systems and limited space for renovation often arise during the sponge city transformation of old urban residential communities. This research focuses on an old residential community in Beijing utilizing the SWMM in combination with the NSGA-II algorithm. A Pareto optimal curve was identified iteratively, with construction costs, runoff reduction effects, and node overload time as the optimization objectives and the maximum area for the low impact development (LID) layout as a constraint.

Mapping the ADDQoL to the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv2 among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) is a widely used instrument for assessing quality of life in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, it does not directly yield health utility values essential for economic evaluations. This study developed mapping algorithms to predict EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv2 utility values from ADDQoL scores in T2DM patients in China.

A Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Death in Patients with Prolonged Hospital Stays in Internal Medicine Wards: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: Prolonged hospital length of stay (PLOS) is associated with adverse outcomes, including increased healthcare costs, higher risk of complications, and increased mortality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PLOS and mortality among patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards and to develop a nomogram to predict the risk of death in this patient population.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients hospitalized for more than 30 days in internal medicine wards between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022.

Association of mean arterial pressure and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with acute pancreatitis-associated acute kidney injury: a retrospective cohort study.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal disorder, and acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and severe complication, significantly increasing mortality risk. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is crucial for maintaining organ perfusion in critically ill patients. However, the optimal MAP target for minimizing mortality in AP patients complicated by AKI (AP-AKI) remains unclear.