UV-promoted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy via heterojunction of few-layer MoS flakes on acceptor-rich β-GaO microstrips.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) by 2D semiconductors relies on chemical (CM) enhancement driven by charge-transfer (CT) processes in bandgap alignment between molecules and substrates. Unfortunately, the low light absorption and weak conferment in the atomic-layer material limit the enhancement factor of Raman intensity (EFRI). Improving the utilization efficiency of excitation light is therefore essential for promoting SERS performance of 2D semiconductors.

The Safety of Patients Who Have Preoperative Venous Thromboembolism Undergoing Joint Arthroplasty.

Background: Some patients requiring joint arthroplasty are predisposed to preoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the impact of preoperative VTE has been infrequently reported. The objective was to investigate the risk factors and postoperative changes of preoperative VTE and assess joint arthroplasty safety.

MicroRNA319-TCP19-IAA3.2 Module Mediates Lateral Root Growth in .

MicroRNA319 (miR319) and its targets TEOSINTE-BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) transcription factors are well-characterized regulators of leaf and flower development, yet their role in root development remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of led to a decrease in the number and density of lateral roots in poplar, while repressing by short tandem target mimics (STTM) promoted lateral root (LR) development. The auxin signaling repressors and were upregulated in -OE plants but downregulated in -STTM plants.

The Mechanism of Steroid Hormones in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Molecular Signaling to Clinical Application.

Steroid hormones play critical roles in the development and progression of NSCLC through both genomic and non-genomic pathways. This review summarizes the expression profiles and molecular functions of estrogen, progesterone, androgen, and glucocorticoid receptors in NSCLC. Estrogen and progesterone receptors exhibit gender-specific prognostic significance, while glucocorticoid receptors influence tumor growth and immune responses.

The heart-brain crosstalk in age related cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

Aging is a major risk factor for both cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The bidirectional communication between the heart and brain, commonly referred to as heart-brain crosstalk, is increasingly disrupted with age. In this review, we summarize current evidence linking cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, particularly in the context of aging.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Community-Dwelling Older Adults Using Mobility Devices: A Cross-National Comparison between the United States and China.

Mobility disability is a significant global issue, particularly affecting older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where access to mobility devices and national statistics on their use is limited. Additionally, research on mobility device usage often overlooks cross-national and cultural perspectives. This study aims to address this gap by comparing mobility device usage and associated characteristics among community-dwelling older adults in the United States and China, using harmonized, nationally representative data from the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Attenuation of MEHP-induced hepatotoxicity and gut microbiota dysbiosis by Lactobacillus brevis Lb-0401 in Carassius auratus.

Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) is one of the major biologically active metabolites of phthalate plasticizers that pose a health threat to aquatic animals. In this study, we investigated the ecotoxicological effects of MEHP on liver damage and gut microbiota in crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and the mitigating effects of Lactobacillus brevis Lb-0401 as a dietary supplement. The results showed that MEHP induced hepatotoxicity and increased serum AST, ALT and triglyceride levels, while L.

A Monolithically Integrated MXene-Printed Hybrid Energy System for Wireless Self-Powered Microelectronics.

Reliable and sustainable energy supply remains a critical challenge in wearable and implantable microelectronics. Although hybrid energy strategies show promise, most existing systems rely on stacked, multi-component designs, hindering integration and scalability. Here, a fully printed, monolithically integrated MXene-based system combining active wireless charging and passive energy harvesting is demonstrated.

A Fall Prevention Program Integrated in Primary Health Care for Older People in Rural China: The FAMILY Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: With rapidly aging populations globally, there is a lack of evidence on effective fall prevention strategies among community-dwelling older people in resource-constrained areas.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a fall prevention program integrated in primary health care systems on the risk of falls among Chinese rural older adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A 12-month, open-label, cluster randomized clinical trial, conducted in 128 rural villages from 4 Chinese provinces, involving adults 60 years or older at risk of falls (recruitment from September 19, 2023, to November 15, 2023; last follow-up, January 15, 2025).

One-Step Solvent-Assisted Cation Exchange Approach to Hollow Metal-Organic Frameworks Nanoreactors with Orderly Distributed Active Sites for Tandem Catalysis.

Biological membrane-enclosed organelles, in which cascade reactions promoted by multiple enzymes occur, have inspired widespread interest in the design of spatially confined nanoreactors for tandem catalytic transformations. Because of their accessible compartmentalized environments and large framework diversity, hollow metal-organic frameworks (H-MOFs) are ideal platforms for the development of new multi-functionalized nanoreactors. However, simple methodologies for fabrication of hollow MOFs, which possess functionalities that are precisely localized and encapsulated of active sites like those found in biological membrane-enclosed organelles, is a considerable challenge.

Exploring the epigenetic mechanisms of recurrent pregnancy loss: from genetic predisposition to environmental influences.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a complex and emotionally distressing condition defined by the occurrence of two or more consecutive miscarriages before 20 weeks of gestation. The exact causes of RPL remain unclear, despite extensive research into its genetic, immune, and environmental underpinnings. Recent advances in epigenetics have revealed that alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression play crucial roles in regulating pregnancy-related processes such as immune tolerance, placental development, and embryo implantation.

Montelukast vs Tranilast Administration in the Prevention of Capsular Contracture in Alloplastic Breast Surgeries: An Experimental Mice Model.

Background: Capsular contracture remains a prevalent complication following breast implant augmentation. Despite growing interest in pharmacological prevention, optimal drug selection and administration timing remain unclear.

Objectives: The authors of this study aim to compare the efficacy of tranilast vs montelukast and evaluate prophylactic vs postoperative administration in preventing capsular contracture.

Dual-output entropy-driven catalytic amplification coupled with G-quadruplex dimers for ultrasensitive label-free detection of miRNA-21.

The connection between aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and tumorigenesis positions miRNAs as promising targets for early cancer detection. However, the low abundance of miRNAs in biological fluids, such as blood, presents significant challenges that necessitate the development of highly sensitive detection platforms. In this study, we present a label-free fluorescent biosensor that utilizes a dual-output entropy-driven catalytic (EDC) amplification system in conjunction with G-quadruplex (G4) dimer-mediated signal enhancement for the ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21.

Inequalities in the association Between lifestyles and disability: prospective cohort studies in South Korea and China.

Drawing on data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (N=3,252) and the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (N=8,281) from 2008 to 2018, this study employed fixed-effects panel data regressions to examine the differential association between healthy lifestyles and disability across education, income, and place of residence. Our results indicate that adopting one more healthy lifestyle was associated with a 0.1-0.

Passively Ultra Cooling Patch Enabling High-Efficiency Power-Water Cogeneration.

Photovoltaic (PV) systems, which accounted for 75% of global renewable energy capacity in 2023, are limited by the substantial waste heat generated through the photothermal effect, reducing both electricity generation efficiency and panel longevity. In this work, a passive cooling strategy using an ultra-cooling patch (UCP) that effectively cools down the PV panel is presented, thus achieving an exceptionally high cooling power of nearly 700 W m and facilitating the recovery of over 70% of waste heat for freshwater production. The flexibility and adhesive properties of UCP allow for easy integration with various PV configurations, including flexible panels.

The application of antigravity treadmill training to clinical rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify, critically appraise, and summarize research regarding the application and effects of antigravity treadmills in clinical rehabilitation.

Data Sources: Three databases, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from inception to May 1, 2024. Clinical trials assessing the effects of the antigravity treadmill training in clinical rehabilitation were eligible for inclusion.

Borderline and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors: differentiating using multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To evaluate the value of multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) including conventional MRI image features, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in differentiating borderline from malignant ovarian epithelial tumors (OETs).

Materials And Methods: Forty-three patients with borderline OETs (BOETs) and one hundred and nineteen patients with malignant OETs (MOETs) who underwent mp-MRI examinations for pre-treatment assessment were respectively enrolled. Conventional MRI features (e.

Early alpha power in the frontal lobe area can predict delirium after cardiac surgery.

Background: Delirium is a common postoperative complication in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with prolonged hospitalization and persistent cognitive impairment. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of alpha power in various brain regions at different time points for postoperative delirium.

Methods: Patients scheduled for routine cardiac surgery were prospectively enrolled.

Non-enzymatic glycation modifies the functional properties and extends the application of poultry egg proteins.

Poultry eggs represent a globally prevalent and nutritious protein source and are regarded as excellent raw materials for food products. However, their persistent allergenicity and instability of functional properties during processing, severely limit their deep-processing applications. Non-enzymatic glycation emerges as an energy-efficient and food-safe chemical modification method that affects the proteins' structures and then regulates their functional properties, suggesting its potential to simultaneously mitigate allergenicity and enhance functionalities in egg-based products.

Screening and identification of muscle pericyte selective markers.

Pericytes, which share markers with smooth muscle cells (SMCs), are heterogenous cells. Pericytes in the brain and skeletal muscle have different embryonic origins, representing distinct subpopulations. One challenge in the field is that there are no subpopulation-specific pericyte markers.

Short-chain fatty acids regulate T cell heterogeneity to alleviate recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Background And Purpose: The aetiology of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is multifactorial, with immune factors playing a critical role. Gut microbiota and its metabolites have been found to participate in host immune regulation. This study explores the role of gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in immune tolerance in RSA.

Contribution of UDP-glycosyltransferases to triflumezopyrim tolerance regulated by microRNAs in Laodelphax striatellus.

Efficient detoxification is a key factor for the survival of pests exposed to insecticides. UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) is a superfamily of phase II detoxifying enzymes, which plays an important role in xenobiotics metabolism including insecticides. As a key post-transcriptional regulator, microRNA (miRNA) has been shown to regulate insecticide resistance by modulating the expression of detoxification enzyme-encoding genes in insects.

Impact of graded compression stockings on deep vein thrombosis incidence after fast-track total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), with considerable implications for patient outcomes. The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence of VTE after fast-track TKA at our center and to evaluate whether the use of graded compression stockings (GCS) can further reduce VTE incidence within this regimen.

Methods: A total of 660 patients undergoing primary TKA between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, were included.

A 1000 fps High-Dynamic-Range Global Shutter CMOS Image Sensor with Full Thermometer Code Current-Steering Ramp.

We present a 1024 × 512, 1000 fps, high-dynamic-range global shutter CMOS image sensor. The pixel is based on a voltage domain global shutter architecture, featuring a pitch of 24 μm × 24 μm. Both high-gain and low-gain signals can be captured within a single frame.

Incidence and dynamics of mobility device use among community-dwelling older adults in the United States.

Mobility devices are crucial in enhancing activities and participation for individuals with mobility disability, particularly among the rapidly expanding population of older adults worldwide. This paper explores patterns of mobility device use among a nationally representative cohort of community-dwelling older adults in the United States, using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) waves 1-9 (2011-2019). Our descriptive analysis focuses on the characteristics of incident mobility device use, its influencing factors, and related user experiences, aligning with the NHATS late-life disability framework.