OsbZIP83-OsCOMT15 module confers melatonin-ameliorated cold tolerance in rice.

Cold stress is one of the most common abiotic stresses, and melatonin (Mel) is involved in the regulation of plant cold tolerance. However, the detailed mechanism underlying Mel-mediated cold tolerance remains largely unknown. Here, we reveal that caffeic acid O-methyltransferase 15 (OsCOMT15) is cold-responsive (COR) and acts as a key modulator of Mel biosynthesis to enhance rice cold tolerance at the seedling stage.

Modulation of the electronic structure of nickel selenide iron doping for energy-saving hydrogen production coupled with sulfion upgradation.

Hybrid water electrolysis is a promising approach for energy-saving hydrogen (H) generation by replacing the oxygen evolution reaction with the thermodynamically advantageous sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR). Herein, we designed iron-modified nickel selenide nanosheet arrays (Fe-NiSe) and used them as an electrocatalyst in bifunctional hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and SOR to simultaneously facilitate H production and sulfion conversion into a valuable sulfur product. Fe-NiSe requires a low overpotential of 114 mV for the HER and a working potential of 0.

Methylhydrazine Lone-Pair Engineering for Polar Lead-Free Perovskite Enables Self-Powered X-Ray Detection.

Lead-free ABiI-type perovskites demonstrate excellent performance in direct X-ray detection owing to their high bulk resistivity and reduced ion migration. However, the reported centrosymmetric ABiI can only operate with external voltage, inevitably resulting in energy consumption and bulky monolithic circuits, limiting their further development. Herein, exploiting the methylhydrazine (MHy) cation with 2 lone-pair electrons (LPEs), a chiral-polarity perovskite MHyBiI are obtained and explored its self-powered X-ray detection properties.

Bottom-Up Design of Chiral Hybrid Metal Halides via Exogenous Chiral-Center Graft Strategy.

Chiral hybrid metal halides (CHMs) have emerged as promising platforms for developing spin-related condensed matter physics, owing to their inherent chirality and excellent semiconducting features. However, the current exploration for new CHMs is mainly restrained by the requirement of organic amines with inner chiral centers, which constrains the precise customization of organic parts and impedes their further development in subdivision fields of chiral science. Here, by applying an exogenous chirality graft strategy through the stereo retentive S2 reaction between homochiral epoxy chloropropane and achiral amines, a series of CHMs is successfully bottom-up designed.

Effect of low-intensity ultrasound on grain refinement and heterogeneous nucleation mechanism of 2219 Al alloy.

The ultrasonic cavitation and acoustic streaming have long been regarded as the dominant mechanisms for refining the solidification microstructure of Aluminum (Al) alloys. This work investigated the effects of low-intensity ultrasound on the solidification microstructure of 2219 Al alloy by setting an ultrasonic application angle of 15° and with the different depths (30 mm, 70 mm, and 110 mm). The experimental results show that low-intensity ultrasound can also achieve a significant refining effect on the microstructure.

Multiple Interactions in Polar Lead-Free Perovskites toward Highly Stable X-Ray Detection.

Lead-free halide perovskites have emerged as a promising class of high-performance "green" X-ray detecting semiconductors due to their nontoxicity and strong X-ray absorption. However, ion migration caused by high operating electric field remains a bottleneck limiting the long-term stability of perovskite X-ray detectors. Herein, by introducing multiple halogen interactions in lead-free perovskites, stable X-ray detection is successfully realized.

Electrical Control of Spin Polarization in a Multiferroic Heterojunction Based on One-Dimensional Chiral Hybrid Metal Halide.

Hybrid metal halide materials have been demonstrated to show potential in spintronic applications. In the field of spintronics, controlling the spin degree of freedom by electrical means represents a significant advancement. In this work, we present a spintronic device with a ferromagnet/ferroelectric/ferromagnet heterostructure, in which a one-dimensional (1D) chiral hybrid metal halide serves as an interlayer.

Chiral-Polar Photovoltage-Driven Efficient Self-Powered Circularly Polarized Light Detection in Three-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskites.

The chiral-polar photovoltaic effect (CPPE), widely present in chiral hybrid perovskites, has brought an unprecedented opportunity for self-powered circularly polarized light (CPL) detection. However, on account of spatial limitations of the crystal structure, currently reported CPPE primarily focuses on low-dimensional hybrid perovskites, which have a low CPL photoresponse restricted by lower carrier transport efficiency compared to three-dimensional perovskites. For the first time, we reported chiral-polar photovoltage-driven efficient self-powered CPL detection in three-dimensional chiral-polar perovskites, MHyPbBr (MHy = Methylhydrazinium).

Synthesis of high quality two dimensional covalent organic frameworks through a self-sacrificing guest strategy.

The quality of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) crucially influences their mechanistic research and subsequent practical implementations. However, it has been widely observed that the structure damage induced by the activation procedure could compromise the quality of COFs. Here we develop a self-sacrificing guest method for synthesizing high-quality two-dimensional COFs (SG-COFs) by incorporating salt guests into the pores of the COF structure.

Selective Gold Recycling from Electronic Waste Using a Highly Stable Porous Aromatic Framework/Polymer and Its Application for CO Electroreduction.

Recycling gold from electronic waste represents a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy for both resource recovery and waste reduction. In this study, we designed an innovative and highly stable porous aromatic framework (PAF)/polymer composite, PAF-147/polydopamine (PDA), as an efficient adsorbent for selective gold recovery for the first time. The maximum gold adsorption capacity of PAF-147/PDA reached 1700 mg g.

Polar Three-dimensional Organic-inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Realize Highly Sensitive Self-driven Ultraviolet Photodetection.

Bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) triggered by spontaneous polarization in polar organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) has brought unprecedented development opportunities for self-powered ultraviolet photodetection. However, the currently reported ultraviolet optoelectronic devices are dominated by low-dimensional hybrid perovskites, in which low carrier mobility limits the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Herein, we report for the first time a polar three-dimensional OIHPs, namely MHyPbBr (1, MHy=methylhydrazine), that achieves high-performance self-driven ultraviolet photodetection.

Revealing Crucial Influences of Boron Support on Regulating Geometric and Electronic Structures of 3D Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reactions.

Building insights into the structure-performance relationship of catalysts has been emphasized recently. However, it remains a challenge due to catalysts' various and complex structures, especially the easily overlooked influence of the support material. Here, we reveal the crucial influences of boron introduction on synthesizing 3D carbon nanotube monoliths with embedded multistate Co metals, i.

Local Electric Field-Incorporated In-Situ Copper Ions Eliminating Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Drinking Water.

Background/objectives: Pathogen inactivation and harmful gene destruction from water just before drinking is the last line of defense to protect people from waterborne diseases. However, commonly used disinfection methods, such as chlorination, ultraviolet irradiation, and membrane filtration, experience several challenges such as continuous chemical dosing, the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and intensive energy consumption.

Methods: Here, we perform a simultaneous elimination of pathogens and ARGs in drinking water using local electric fields and in-situ generated trace copper ions (LEF-Cu) without external chemical dosing.

Chiral-Polar Alternating Cation Intercalation-Type Perovskite Enables Sensitive Self-Driven X-ray Detection with an Ultralow Detection Limit.

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have shown great potential for direct X-ray detection, but achieving high sensitivity without external bias remains challenging. Chiral-polar alternating cation intercalation (ACI)-type MHPs, with excellent optoelectronic properties and a robust chirality-induced bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), offer a promising platform for self-driven X-ray detection. Herein, impressive self-driven X-ray detection performance was achieved by utilizing chiral-polar 2D ACI-type perovskite single crystals of (-PPA)PAPbBr (; -PPA = -1-phenylpropylamine; PA = propylamine).

Vanadium-regulated nickel phosphide nanosheets for electrocatalytic sulfion upgrading and hydrogen production.

The electrochemical sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR) is highly desirable to treat sulfion-rich wastewater and achieve energy-saving hydrogen production when coupled with the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we propose a thermodynamically favorable SOR to couple with the HER, and develop vanadium-doped nickel phosphide (V-NiP) nanosheets for simultaneously achieving energy-efficient hydrogen production and sulfur recovery. V doping can efficiently adjust the electronic structure and improve intrinsic activity of NiP, which exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performances for the HER and SOR with low potentials of -0.

Polar 3D Perovskitiod Constructed by Asymmetric Diamine for Stable Self-Driven X-Ray Detection.

Polar 3D organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) with the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) have important application value in self-driven X-ray detection, due to their excellent semiconductor properties. However, A-site cations are limited by the tolerance factor, making it difficult to construct ABX-type polar 3D perovskites. Therefore, it is necessary to explore polar 3D perovskitiods with excellent semiconductor properties for self-driven X-ray detection.

Preserving High Porosity of Covalent Organic Frameworks via Functional Polymer Guest Introduction.

Due to their high structural tunability, remarkable internal surface areas, readily accessible pore space, and host of possible applications, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) remain at the forefront of materials science research. Unfortunately, many COFs suffer from structural distortions or pore collapse during activation, which can lead to a substantial loss of crystallinity and functionality. Thus, herein, we demonstrate a facile method to address this issue by introducing polymer guests.

Marine microplastics enrich antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), especially extracellular ARGs: An investigation in the East China Sea.

The potential of microplastics to carry coexisting pollutants and contribute to combined pollution is a significant health concern. Here we investigate the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in both intracellular ARGs (iARGs) and extracellular ARGs (eARGs) forms, on microplastics collected from the coastal waters of the East China Sea. Our findings revealed that both iARGs and eARGs were enriched on microplastics.

[Research progress on the effects of mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes tethering proteins interaction on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion].

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) refers to secondary damage caused by reperfusion of blood flow following ischemic stroke. Its mechanism is complex, involving mitochondrial energy metabolism disorders, Ca overload, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammatory responses, excitatory amino acid toxicity, blood-brain barrier disruption, excessive NO synthesis, and cell necrosis etc. Mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) are specialized regions of the endoplasmic reticulum that play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including regulation of mitochondrial morphology and activity, lipid metabolism, Ca homeostasis, and cell viability.

Chemical Structure Evolution of Thermally Altered Coal during the Preparation of Coal-Based Graphene and Division of Thermally Altered Zone: Based on FTIR and Raman.

A suite of coal samples near a diabase dike was collected to investigate the structural and functional group evolution of a series of carbon materials prepared from thermally altered coals, explore the influence of thermal metamorphism distance on the structure of coal and its carbon material products, and divide the thermally altered zones. Using Fourier transform infrared and Raman studies, it was found that after demineralization, the aromatic parameters and of the coal structure slightly increase, while the aliphatic parameters CH/CH and oxidation parameter slightly decrease, and the degree of order of the coal structure increases. Graphitization can greatly improve aromatic parameters, eliminate aliphatic structures, and enhance orderliness.

Multi-Axial Self-Driven X-Ray Detection by a Two-Dimensional Biaxial Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Ferroelectric.

Metal halide perovskite ferroelectrics combining spontaneous polarization and excellent semiconducting properties is an ideal platform for enabling self-driven X-ray detection. However, achievements to date have been only based on uniaxiality, which increases the complexity of device fabrication. Multi-axial ferroelectric materials have multiple equivalent polarization directions, making them potentially amenable to multi-axial self-driven X-ray detection, but the report on these types of materials is still a huge blank.

Transcription factor OsbZIP10 modulates rice grain quality by regulating OsGIF1.

Understanding and optimizing the process of grain filling helps the quest to maximize rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed yield and quality, yet the intricate mechanisms at play remain fragmented. Transcription factors (TFs) are major players in the gene networks underlying the grain filling process.

Dual-strategy engineered nickel phosphide for achieving efficient hydrazine-assisted hydrogen production in seawater.

Electrocatalytic hydrogen production in seawater to alleviate freshwater shortage pressures is promising, but is hindered by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction and detrimental chloride electrochemistry. Herein, a dual strategy approach of Fe-doping and CeO-decoration in nickel phosphide (Fe-NiP/CeO) is rationally designed to achieve superior bifunctional catalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) in seawater. Notably, the two-electrode Fe-NiP/CeO-based hybrid seawater electrolyzer realizes energy-efficient and chlorine-free hydrogen production with ultralow cell voltages of 0.

Hydrochemical characteristics of abandoned coal mines derived acid mine drainage in a typical karst basin (Wuma river basin, Guizhou China).

The hydrochemical characteristics of acid mine drainage (AMD) were investigated in Wuma River Basin, China. AMD was sampled from nine closed coal mine (CCM) sites to study the temporal and spatial evolution of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (ED), total hardness (THR), total dissolved salt (TDS), and trace elements. The surface water (river) and groundwater surrounding mine sites were sampled to evaluate the potential pollution derived from AMDs.

A hierarchical CoS/Ni(OH) heterostructure as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for urea-assisted energy-efficient hydrogen production.

We report hierarchical CoS/Ni(OH)/NF heterostructure nanorod arrays, which manifest superior bifunctional catalytic activities for the HER and UOR due to amorphous Ni(OH), synergistic effect of multiple components and self-supported structure. The CoS/Ni(OH)/NF-based urea electrolyzer requires a low cell voltage of 1.485 V to deliver 10 mA cm, which is obviously lower than that needed in water electrolysis.