Latent variable sequence identification for cognitive models with neural network estimators.

Extracting time-varying latent variables from computational cognitive models plays a key role in uncovering the dynamic cognitive processes that drive behaviors. However, existing methods are limited to inferring latent variable sequences in a relatively narrow class of cognitive models. For example, a broad class of relevant cognitive models with intractable likelihood is currently out of reach of standard techniques, based on maximum a posteriori parameter estimation.

Gestational exposure to fenvalerate induces attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-like behaviors partially through altered DNA hydroxymethylation in the fetal midbrain of weaning offspring.

Fenvalerate (FEN) is a typical pyrethroid pesticide known for its developmental toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gestational FEN exposure on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like behaviors in weaning offspring. Pregnant mice were administered FEN daily via oral gavage throughout pregnancy.

Irradiated red blood cell transfusion is associated with an increased incidence of deep vein thrombosis in trauma patients: a cohort study.

Background: Gamma-ray irradiation accelerates the release of red blood cell (RBC)-derived microparticles with procoagulant function, and further promotes the formation of microthrombosis. The use of irradiated RBCs in trauma patients is usually not prohibited. At present, the association that irradiated RBC transfusion and incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains unclear.

PPDPF promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via c-Myc/CD24 axis.

Background: Despite a series of attempts during the last decades, the prognosis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains poor. Although clinical immunotherapy trials have shown encouraging results, their benefits are limited. This study aims to identify novel targets for immunotherapy in ESCC.

The short-term effect of Da Vinci's robot total mesorectal excision with preserving the left colic artery.

Colorectal cancer is the second and third most prevalent gastrointestinal tract malignancy among women and men. Over the past few decades, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer has gradually increased in China. Many studies have indicated that the robotic surgery system addresses several limitations of laparoscopic surgery and is a safe and feasible surgical approach.

[Mechanism of salidroside in inhibiting expression of adhesion molecules in oxLDL-induced endothelial cells by regulating ferroptosis mediated by SIRT1/Nrf2].

This article investigated the effect and mechanism of salidroside(SAL) on the expression of adhesion molecules in oxidized low-density lipoprotein(oxLDL)-induced mouse aortic endothelial cell(MAEC). The oxLDL-induced endothelial cell injury model was constructed, and the safe concentration and action time of SAL were screened. The cells were divided into control group, oxLDL group, low and high concentration groups of SAL, and ferrostatin-1(Fer-1) group.

Isolation, identification, and production optimization of natural functional pigments produced by LWT-1.

Natural microbial pigments are gaining attention for their potential in various applications due to their safety and sustainability. In this study, we isolated a high-yielding pigment-producing fungus identified as LWT-1. The predominant pigment compounds were isolated from the culture extract of LWT-1 through various chromatographic methods and identified as talaroconvolutins A () and B (), and talarofuranone ().

Promotion of Random Flap Neovascularisation in Rats with Diabetes Using Botulinum Toxin Type A Through the HIF-1α/VEGF Pathway.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoTA) on the neovascularisation of diabetic flaps through the factor-1alpha (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway.

Methods: A total of 60 male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group A consisted of normal rats receiving saline, Group B received BoTA, Group C were diabetic rats treated with saline, and Group D were diabetic rats treated with BoTA.

Upregulating vascular endothelial K2.3 channels alleviates pulmonary hypertension in mice.

Endothelial dysfunction of pulmonary arteries is important in the initiation of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Pulmonary vascular tone is regulated by endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) that induces vasodilation. Although K2.

[Construction of an Ecological Security Pattern in Karst Watersheds Based on Ecological Corridor Identification： A Case Study of the Nanming River Basin in Guizhou].

Constructing an ecological security pattern is important for maintaining the stability of the ecosystem in karst areas and promoting the sustainable development of regional social economy. This study takes the Nanming River Basin, a typical karst basin in Guizhou Plateau, as the research object, combines multi-source data, evaluates the ecosystem service （ES） of the basin by using the InVEST model, and identifies ecological source areas scientifically by combining ecological sensitivity, MSPA analysis, and landscape connectivity. The circuit theory is used to identify the ecological corridor and determine the points and obstacles, analyze the integrity and connectivity of the basin ecosystem, reveal the development trend of the basin ecological security, and finally form the ecological security pattern of the Nanming River Basin with the combination of "point-line-plane.

[Composition and spatiotemporal variation of macroalgae in large-scale raft culture area of Gouqi Island, Zhejiang, China].

To comprehensively understand the impacts of large-scale raft culture activities on the diversity and biomass of macroalgae, we collected samples monthly from July 2021 to June 2022 in the Gouqi Island mussel farming area (raft culture area) and the natural rocky intertidal zone (control area). By using indices such as Shannon diversity, Margalef richness, Pielou evenness and relative importance index, as well as redundancy analysis, we compared the responses of alpha diversity, growth cycle, biomass spatiotemporal patterns of macroalgae to environmental factors in both raft culture area and control area. The results showed that a total of 61 macroalgae species were collected in the raft culture area, belonging to 13 orders, 25 families, and 31 genera.

Electroreduction of diluted CO to multicarbon products with high carbon utilization at 800 mA cm in strongly acidic media.

Acidic CO electroreduction using diluted CO (as in flue gas) as the feedstock can simultaneously circumvent the CO purification step and lower the carbon loss in conventional alkaline or neutral electrolyte, and thus is highly desired but has rarely been achieved thus far. Herein, we report a simple and general strategy using an imidazolium-based anion-exchange ionomer as the coating layer, which could enrich the diluted CO to generate a high local CO concentration, and simultaneously block the proton transport to the cathode surface to suppress the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. As a result, the ionomer-modified Cu catalyst can achieve an efficient electroreduction of diluted CO (15 vol% CO) to multicarbon (C) products in strong acid (pH 0.

Partial response to posterior line immunotherapy for more than 15 months in a pMMR patient with cutaneous metastasis of rectal carcinoma: a case report.

The vast majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs) are proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) and microsatellite stable, and their immune microenvironment appears as a "cold tumor," which is not sensitive to single immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The utilization of ICIs in pMMR advanced CRC is still in the exploratory phase. Cutaneous metastasis from colorectal carcinoma is extremely rare, presenting with diverse clinical manifestations, and there is a lack of standard treatment options for such cases.

Glutaminolysis and α-ketoglutarate-stimulated K3.1 expression contribute to β-adrenoceptor activation-induced myocardial fibrosis in mice.

Heart failure is associated with myocardial fibrosis, a pivotal histopathological feature arising from β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation through sympathetic nervous system activation. Augmented glutaminolysis with increased bioavailability of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) is suggested to contribute to fibrogenesis and changes in cellular gene expression. K3.

Construction of Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury Risk Assessment Tool for Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine: A Multi-Centre Prospective Study.

To construct and validate the risk assessment tool of medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI) for Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (PCCM), help clinical medical staff to quickly and effectively screen high-risk groups and provide a reference for the development of targeted early intervention measures. The department of PCCM mainly treats elderly patients and patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory system, and frequently uses oxygen therapy devices, monitors and treatment pipelines. It is a high-risk department for MDRPI.

Hippo pathway activation mediates cardiomyocyte ferroptosis to promote dilated cardiomyopathy through downregulating NFS1.

Cardiomyocyte loss by regulated death modes, like apoptosis and ferroptosis, has been implicated in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). It remains unclear whether cardiomyocyte ferroptosis occurs as a consequence of Hippo pathway activation. Using a mouse model of DCM by overexpression of Mst1 transgene (Mst1-TG) leading to Hippo pathway activation, we showed that cardiomyocyte ferroptosis was evident by transcriptomic profiles, elevated mitochondrial Fe content, increased levels of lipid peroxidation and obvious mitochondrial damage.

Small Bowel Obstruction Caused by Enteroliths Formed in the Duodenal Diverticulum.

Background And Objective: Small bowel obstruction is a common acute abdomen. The disease presentation changes rapidly and differential diagnosis is difficult. If diagnosis and treatment are delayed or inappropriate, the consequences will be serious.

Direct Electroreduction of Low-Concentration CO: Progress and Perspective.

The conversion of CO into carbon-based fuels and chemicals via the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) offers an attractive route to reducing the CO emission for carbon neutrality. Currently, high-purity CO gas has been widely used as the feedstock for most of the CORR studies, while CO sources with a typically low concentration impose the extra cost for CO capture and purification steps. The direct utilization of low-concentration CO for the CORR is a promising approach to substantially address this problem.

[Determination of 17 perfluorinated/polyfluoroalkyl compounds in serum by high-throughput solid-phase extraction-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Perfluorinated/polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFASs) are a group of synthetic chemicals. Since the 1940s, PFASs have been widely used in industrial and daily consumer fields. PFASs can enter the human body through various pathways, such as drinking water, food, and air.

Paternal fenvalerate exposure causes depressive-like behaviour by altering Grb10 gene DNA methylation in adolescent offspring.

Fenvalerate, a typical pyrethroid pesticide, is a neurological toxicant. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paternal exposure to fenvalerate on depressive-like behaviours in adolescent offspring. Depression-like behavior was determined by Sucrose Preference Test (SPT), Tail Suspension Test (TST) and Forced Swimming Test (FST) in adolescent offspring.

Utilizing multimodal ultrasonography in conjunction with serum Ki-67 and HER2 tests for breast cancer detection and prognosis.

ObjectiveTo examine the diagnostic and prognostic value of multimodal ultrasound and serum human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki-67 antigen (Ki-67) testing for breast cancer.MethodsWe enrolled 65 patients with breast cancer admitted to the Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital between March 2018 and March 2019 as the study group, while the control group consisted of 65 patients with benign breast nodules admitted during the same time period. All cases underwent ultrasound elastography (UE), contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), serum examination, and Ki-67 and HER2 testing to determine the differences in multimodal ultrasound parameters and biomarkers, respectively, between the two groups and their relationship to the pathological features of breast cancer; ROC curves were generated to determine the accuracy of the combined examination in predicting breast cancer prognosis.

Tailoring Lewis Acidity of Metal Oxides on Nickel to Boost Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Neutral Electrolyte.

Neutral-pH water splitting for hydrogen production features a benign environment that could alleviate catalyst and electrolyzer corrosion but calls for the corresponding high-efficiency and earth-abundant hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. Herein, we first designed a series of metal oxides decorated on Ni as the model catalysts and found a volcano-shaped relationship between the Lewis acidity of Ni/metal oxides and HER activity in neutral media. The Ni/ZnO with the optimum Lewis acidity could balance water dissociation and hydroxyl desorption, thereby greatly boosting the HER.

Hyssopus cuspidatus volatile oil: a potential treatment for steroid-resistant asthma via inhibition of neutrophil extracellular traps.

Background: Steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) is a form of asthma resistant to corticosteroid therapy, which is characterized by the presence of neutrophil-predominant inflammatory response and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss., a traditional Uyghur medicine, is known for its efficacy in treating inflammatory lung conditions such as asthma.