OsSPT38 encodes a novel SUMO E3 ligase that enhances rice stress resilience and grain yield.

Abiotic stresses severely threaten global food security, underscoring the need for resilient crop varieties. We identified OsSPT38, a previously uncharacterized SUMO E3 ligase in rice, and discovered a rare gain-of-function mutation (Gly212Asp) that enhances both stress resilience and yield. This phenotype was validated in 18 additional independent mutants and by base editing in the elite indica cultivar Huanghuazhan.

Fluorescence/Colorimetric Dual-Mode Probe Based on Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Boron Codoped MXene Quantum Dots for Detection of Glutathione and Imaging in Mitochondria.

Quantifying and monitoring glutathione (GSH) in living cells is of great significance for understanding GSH-related oxidative stress disorders and neoplastic conditions. In this work, we developed nitrogen/sulfur/boron codoped MXene quantum dots (NSB-MQDs) through a facile single-pot hydrothermal synthesis strategy for fluorescence/colorimetric detection and imaging of GSH. The fluorescence "Turn-On" sensing signal was generated by the electron or energy transfer process between GSH and NSB-MQDs, which exhibited a fluorescence quenching phenomenon with the increase of GSH.

Association of urinary phthalate metabolites and polycystic ovary syndrome in women undergoing in vitro fertilization.

Background/objectives: Phthalates are a group of ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptors that can be detected in human body and exert adverse effects on reproductive health. We aimed to explore the correlation of phthalate exposure with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: We included 420 females who underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments between 2015 and 2018 in Jiangsu, China, comprising 94 PCOS cases and 326 controls.

Partner involvement and emotional and informational support gaps as predictors of postpartum birth trauma symptoms: a multi-center cross-sectional study of 230 women at 42 days postpartum.

Background: Postpartum birth trauma symptoms, encompassing psychological and physical sequelae related to childbirth experiences, pose a significant threat to maternal well-being. These symptoms, as measured in this study, are not equivalent to a clinical diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but reflect self-reported experiences based on the City Birth Trauma Scale.

Methods: This multi-center cross-sectional survey enrolled 230 women at 42 days postpartum from four hospitals in Shanghai between February and July 2024.

Development of paper-based electrochemiluminescence test strips for pathogenic microorganisms.

Background: A novel paper-based electrochemiluminescence test strip (ECL-TS) for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms is developed by combining lateral flow immunochromatography(LFIC) with ECL.

Methods: Based on the principle of double-antibody sandwich, monoclonal antibody 1 labeled with tris(bipyridine)ruthenium is fixed on the conjugate pad as the labeled antibody, and monoclonal antibody 2 is directly fixed on the detection pad as the capture antibody. The antibody is Made to flow to the detection region through LFIC and specifically bind to the capture antibody in the detection region.

Screening and comparison of -induced resistant and clinically resistant strains for eravacycline resistance-related genes.

Objective: To identify genes related to eravacycline resistance in () and to provide a theoretical basis for the study of eravacycline resistance mechanisms in and the development of new antibiotics.

Methods: The study employed an integrated omics approach: (1) antimicrobial susceptibility profiling via broth microdilution to determine baseline MICs for eravacycline and comparator drugs; (2) Induction of resistance in clinical isolates (WJ_4, WJ_14, WJ_18) with low eravacycline MICs through serial passage in escalating drug concentrations; (3) Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of -induced resistant strains (WJ_4a, WJ_14a, WJ_18a) and a clinical high-MIC isolate (WJ_97); (4) Bioinformatics analyses, including differential gene expression screening (with |log2(fold change)| > 2 and FDR-adjusted p < 0.05), SNP detection via GATK, and copy number variation (CNV) quantification using CCNE-acc to identify and compare resistance-related genetic alterations.

Cationic microbubble loading hSIRT3 and hTIMP3 optimize cardiac-targeted delivery and myocardial protection in the porcine MI/R model.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury limits the therapeutic effects of revascularization in acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we investigated whether human SIRT3 (hSIRT3) and TIMP3 (hTIMP3) could achieve targeted delivery with the assist of cationic microbubbles (CMBs) and a synergistic protection effect on porcine MI/R myocardium. Firstly, CMBs carrying the hSIRT3 or hTIMP3 plasmids were used individually or synergistically for cardiac-targeted delivery in MI/R pigs.

A New Phase Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Activated Selective CO Reduction into Formate for Underwater Antifouling Glass.

Designing unique electrocatalysts that utilizes carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) for real applications is highly appreciated, yet still suffers from low selectivity, stability, and compatibility. Herein, we first report a new two-dimensional metastable-phase transparent conducting oxide: 1T phase indium tin oxide (m-ITOs) with the space group of P-3m1 (164), which is totally different from that of the stable cubic phase ITO (Ia-3 (206)). The internal indium tin catalytic pairs in m-ITOs trigger the strong electronic coupling, move up the p-band center, and stabilize the adsorption of HCOO* for increased formate production.

How does an external electric field in the normal-direction affect the cyclo[18]carbon molecule?-a DFT study.

This investigation explores the impact of an external electric field (EEF) in the normal-direction on cyclo[18]carbon, scrutinizing changes in molecular conformation, electronic structure, reactivity, and spectroscopic properties. Utilizing Gaussian16 and Multiwfn, we modeled the molecule under EEF conditions. The EEF induced an expansion of the cyclo[18]carbon ring and increased bond lengths.

A preliminary comparative study of microwave ablation for cervical lymph node metastases originating from papillary thyroid carcinoma vs. non-papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of microwave ablation (MWA) for cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) originating from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) versus non-papillary thyroid carcinoma (non-PTC).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 262 patients with CLNM treated by MWA between July 2016 and May 2024 were included. Comparative study based on propensity score matching (PSM) between the PTC and non-PTC groups was carried out.

Photo-Mediated Silacyclization by Wavelength-Dependent Selective C─F or C─H Functionalization.

Silacycles have gained significant attention within the synthetic community due to their pivotal roles in medicinal chemistry and materials science. Despite recent advancements, the defluorosilylation of aryl fluorides with hydrosilanes and the selective silylation of arenes without external oxidants remains challenging. Herein, we present a wavelength-dependent photo-mediated cascade silacyclization of allylbenzene derivatives with dihydrosilanes to efficiently construct six-membered benzosilacycles.

Microwave Ablation for T1N0M0 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Adjacent to Berry's Ligament.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of microwave ablation (MWA) in treating T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) adjacent to Berry's ligament (BL).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study examined 141 patients who underwent MWA for BL-adjacent PTC between January 2015 and December 2023. All procedures utilized perithyroidal fascial space-based hydrodissection and standardized ablation protocols.

High-throughput sequencing unravels placental vascular dysfunction and oxidative stress as mechanistic drivers of advanced maternal age-associated pregnancy.

Introduction: Women with advanced maternal age (AMA) face a higher risk of pregnancy complications including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth. While placental dysfunction is implicated, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study employs high-throughput sequencing-based transcriptomics to investigate AMA-associated dysregulation in placental angiogenesis, exploring links to redox imbalance.

Current landscape of the immunoproteasome: implications for disease and therapy.

The immunoproteasome, an inflammation-induced proteasome variant, coordinates proteostasis and adaptive immunity by replacing constitutive subunits (β1, β2, β5) with inducible counterparts (β1i, β2i, β5i). This specialization enhances antigen processing for MHC class I presentation and oxidative protein clearance. Beyond immune regulation, it critically contributes to cardiovascular, respiratory, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, retinal, and oncological pathologies through mechanisms involving NF-κB activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammatory polarization.

Revisiting Pt foil catalysts for formamide electrosynthesis achieved at industrial-level current densities.

Current electrosynthesis catalysts typically rely on nanomaterial-based engineering with multi-dimensional structural modifications. However, such approaches may not always be necessary, especially for underexplored industrial electrochemical conversions. Here, we demonstrate that commercial platinum (Pt) foil catalysts excel in the electrochemical co-oxidation of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-derived ethylene glycol (EG) and ammonia (NH) into formamide (HCONH), a process traditionally reliant on energy-intensive methods.

Urinary Metabolites Variation After High-Intensity Rowing Training and Potential Biomarker Screening for Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage.

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is the most common health risk in physical exercise. However, instant and non-invasive methods for EIMD prediction have not been reported. Urine is a promising tool for EIMD prediction.

Recent Progress in Flexible Wearable Sensors Utilizing Conductive Hydrogels for Sports Applications: Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Modification Strategies.

Conductive hydrogels demonstrate substantial potential for flexible wearable sensors in motion monitoring, owing to their unique physicochemical properties; however, current implementations still confront persistent challenges in long-term stability, sensitivity, response speed, and detection limits under complex dynamic conditions, which material innovations are urgently required to resolve. Consequently, this paper comprehensively reviews the recent advancements in conductive hydrogel-based flexible wearable sensors for sports applications. The paper examines the conductivity, self-adhesion, self-repair, and biocompatibility of conductive hydrogels, along with detailed analyses of their working principles in resistance, capacitance, piezoelectric, and battery-based sensing mechanisms.

Reduced Dietary Protein Levels Improved Growth Performance, Promoted Efficient Nutrient Utilization, Increased Fecal , and Reduced Fecal Malodorous Compounds in Late-Fattening Barrows.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of reducing dietary protein levels on barrows during the late fattening period. Fifty Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire barrows with body weights averaging 76.30 ± 6.

Melatonin as an Alleviator in Decabromodiphenyl Ether-Induced Aberrant Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Synaptogenesis: The Role of Wnt7a.

Developmental exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are commonly used as flame retardants, results in irreversible cognitive impairments. Postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis, which occurs in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus, is critical for neuronal circuits and plasticity. Wnt7a-Frizzled5 (FZD5) is essential for both neurogenesis and synapse formation; moreover, Wnt signaling participates in PBDE neurotoxicity and also contributes to the neuroprotective effects of melatonin.

Interaction of household air pollution and healthy lifestyle on the risk of sarcopenia: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Exposure to air pollution and adherence to a healthy lifestyle have been identified to be related to sarcopenia. However, the interactive effects between these two factors remain insufficiently elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the potential interaction exposure to air pollution with healthy lifestyle on the risk of developing sarcopenia.

Study on the Relationship Between Postpartum Birth Trauma Symptoms and the Gap in Social Support Expectations at 42 Days Postpartum.

Objective: Birth trauma affects 9% to 44% of postpartum women and significantly impacts maternal health. In China, changes in social structures have led to discrepancies between expected and actual social support, yet few studies have explored the relationship with birth trauma. This study examines the association between birth trauma symptoms at 42 days postpartum and the gap between expected and received social support.

Associations of Pre-diagnostic Serum Liver Enzyme Levels with Lung Cancer Risk in Predominantly Low-income African and European Americans.

Previous studies have linked liver diseases to lung cancer (LC) risk; however, few studies evaluated the associations of circulating liver enzyme levels with LC risk. We conducted a study of 353 incident LC cases and 646 matched controls with baseline serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and of 552 cases and 1039 matched controls with baseline serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) nested within the Southern Community Cohort Study. Conditional logistic regression and generalized linear models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) among all study participants and by stratification of potential effect modifiers.

Regioselective C7 sulfinylation of 4-aminoindoles with sulfinates.

The regioselective C7-H sulfinylation of 4-aminoindoles was achieved by exploiting the -directing ability of the amino group. This transformation utilizes readily available sulfinates as versatile sulfinyl sources, allowing facile installation of structurally diverse sulfoxide motifs at the C7 position. In addition to aryl/alkyl sulfinates, trifluoromethyl sulfinate is also viable.

Profibrotic impact of PAD4-driven macrophage extracellular traps in ulcerative colitis.

The inflammatory polarization of macrophages has been implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrosis in ulcerative colitis (UC). Our previous study found that macrophages in an inflammatory polarization state highly express peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) and are more likely to form macrophage extracellular traps (METs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of PAD4-driven METs in promoting intestinal fibrosis in UC.

An Inter-Frequency Cross-Validation Approach for Pseudo-Range Fault Detection in GNSS Relative Positioning.

For Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) relative positioning, faulty pseudorange measurements may lead to over-bounded relative positioning errors, which entails high-performance fault detection and exclusion (FDE). This paper proposes an effective fault detection and exclusion method for pseudorange-based GNSS relative positioning utilizing the technique of the inter-frequency cross-validation (IFCV). Multi-frequency differenced pseudorange measurements are utilized to establish multiple inter-frequency test statistics for efficient detection of multiple outliers; the conservative strategy is adopted to exclude multiple faults for robust position determination.