EPR and P ENDOR Characterization of Pseudo-Jahn-Teller Dynamics and N Activation in Functional Nitrogenase Models, PM(N) (M = Fe, Co; E = Si, B, C).

The nominally trigonal, pseudo-Jahn-Teller (PJT)-active, = 1/2 N-bound complexes, , M = Fe, Co, with three in-plane phosphine ligands and axial donors, E = Si, B, C, include functional nitrogenase models that catalyze the reduction of N to NH. We applied EPR, P ENDOR spectroscopy, and DFT computations to characterize the PJT-induced distortions of four selected , revealing how the metal ion and axial ligand E together tune both PJT dynamics, as revealed by P ENDOR and N activation, as indicated by a decrease in N≡N stretching frequency, ν(N≡N). , and each exhibit a single P isotropic hyperfine coupling, revealing dynamic pseudorotation of the PJT distortion, producing averaged symmetry with equivalent phosphine ligands.

A delicate calculation method for reservoir initial water saturation based on a novel approach to J-function construction.

Accurately determining initial water saturation is essential for assessing reservoir resources and optimizing development, yet conventional J-function methods face challenges such as variability in curve fitting due to sample heterogeneity, less-than-optimal grouping schemes, and limited core sample availability. This study addressed these issues by analyzing 55 J-function curves from the N reservoir in Iraq's Zagros Basin, identifying permeability as the primary factor influencing curve shape. A novel classification method was developed, categorizing curves into power function and exponential function types based on permeability thresholds.

In-Field Molecular Diagnostics of Plant Pathogens Using Bioluminescent CRISPR-Guided Caspase Assay.

In-field molecular diagnostics of plant pathogens are critical for crop disease management and precision agriculture, but tools are still lacking. Herein, we present a bioluminescent molecular diagnostic assay capable of detecting viable pathogens directly in minimally processed plant samples, enabling rapid and precise in-field crop disease diagnosis. The assay, called bioluminescent craspase diagnostics (BioCrastics), leverages newly discovered RNA-activated protease of CRISPR (Craspase) with enzymatic luminescence to generate a cascaded amplification, thus bypasses nucleic acid purification and amplification while achieving sub-nanogram sensitivity for fungal pathogens.

Interpretable Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Migraine Classification: Quantitative Study.

Background: Deep learning has demonstrated significant potential in advancing computer-aided diagnosis for neuropsychiatric disorders, such as migraine, enabling patient-specific diagnosis at an individual level. However, despite the superior accuracy of deep learning models, the interpretability of image classification models remains limited. Their black-box nature continues to pose a major obstacle in clinical applications, hindering biomarker discovery and personalized treatment.

Copper ionophore complex ES-Cu synergizes with quercetin to target FDX1, promote cuproptosis, and reverse lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Introduction: Lenvatinib resistance remains a major challenge in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Cuproptosis, a copper-dependent form of cell death, has been increasingly implicated in cancer progression. Quercetin, a naturally occurring bioactive flavonol known to modulate mitochondrial metabolism and multiple oncogenic signaling pathways, has emerged as a potential sensitizer.

Privacy-Preserving Video Anomaly Detection: A Survey.

The video anomaly detection (VAD) aims to automatically analyze spatiotemporal patterns in surveillance videos collected from open spaces to detect anomalous events that may cause harm, such as fighting, stealing, and car accidents. However, vision-based surveillance systems such as closed-circuit television (CCTV) often capture personally identifiable information. The lack of transparency and interpretability in video transmission and usage raises public concerns about privacy and ethics, limiting the real-world application of VAD.

The modified mRNA vaccine protects immunocompromised AG129 mice from lethal challenge and multi-tissue infection by Zika virus.

The multiple epidemics of Zika virus (ZIKV) posed a substantial threat to public health. Clinical evidence suggests that ZIKV could break through the blood-brain, blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers, leading to severe outcomes such as congenital malformations in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Currently, there are no specific treatments for ZIKV infection.

A New Phase Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Activated Selective CO Reduction into Formate for Underwater Antifouling Glass.

Designing unique electrocatalysts that utilizes carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) for real applications is highly appreciated, yet still suffers from low selectivity, stability, and compatibility. Herein, we first report a new two-dimensional metastable-phase transparent conducting oxide: 1T phase indium tin oxide (m-ITOs) with the space group of P-3m1 (164), which is totally different from that of the stable cubic phase ITO (Ia-3 (206)). The internal indium tin catalytic pairs in m-ITOs trigger the strong electronic coupling, move up the p-band center, and stabilize the adsorption of HCOO* for increased formate production.

High-Fidelity Profiling of Multiple Nearby Mutations via Cooperative Recognition.

Detection methods with single-nucleotide specificity are essential tools for nucleic acid analysis in diverse clinical and biological settings. However, both hybridization-based and enzyme-based methods are only effective for discriminating single-nucleotide mutations at certain positions, making it difficult to detect nucleic acid targets having multiple nearby mutations. Herein, we describe the design of cooperative recognition probes (CRPs) that integrate both hybridization and ligation-based recognition mechanisms and thus are highly effective for discriminating mutations throughout all positions.

BACE2-Induced Aberrant Lymphatic Network Aggravates the Local Inflammation in Arteriovenous Fistulas With Hyperphosphatemia.

As a widely used vascular access for hemodialysis patients, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) still faces high failure rates, in which local inflammatory response is an essential factor. In animal studies, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been reported to aggravate local inflammation in AVFs, but the mechanisms are controversial. Here, spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing are used to explore the cellular changes during AVF remodeling in human and mouse.

Systemic Inflammatory Burden Causes Liver Injury in H1N1-Infected Mice.

Clinical evidence has associated H1N1 influenza with liver impairment, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated H1N1-induced liver damage and its potential mechanisms using a BALB/c mouse infection model. Pathological examination and serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) were assessed.

Integrated Multi-Omics Investigation of Gypenosides' Mechanisms in Lowering Hepatic Cholesterol.

(1) Objective: This study aimed to systematically elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which gypenosides (GP), a major active component of , ameliorate hypercholesterolemia by modulating the hepatic steroidogenesis pathway, and to identify key therapeutic targets. (2) Methods: We established a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hypercholesterolemia (HC) mouse model and performed GP intervention. An integrated multi-omics approach, combining transcriptomics and proteomics, was utilized to comprehensively analyze GP's effects on the expression of genes and proteins associated with hepatic cholesterol synthesis, transport, and steroid hormone metabolism.

TDO-mediated tissue-specific regulation of kynurenine pathway in the brain and gill of Litopenaeus vannamei.

Background: The kynurenine pathway (KP), central to tryptophan metabolism, regulates neuroimmune interactions in vertebrates through the dual actions of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). However, crustaceans lack IDO and rely solely on TDO, yet the tissue-specific roles of TDO in this lineage remain unknown. Using Litopenaeus vannamei, a key aquaculture species, we investigated how TDO-mediated KP adapts to functional constraints in neural and respiratory tissues.

Pseudo-panchromatic image color difference demosaicking for a 41-band snapshot imaging system using a dual-MSFA.

Multispectral image demosaicking has attracted increasing interest due to its ability to reconstruct full-resolution multispectral images. However, existing methods often suffer from degraded reconstruction quality as the number of spectral bands increases. In this Letter, we propose a pseudo-panchromatic image color difference (PPICD) demosaicking method designed for a 41-band dual-MSFA snapshot imaging system.

Analysis of the safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on four randomized controlled trials.

Background: Esophageal cancer is a leading type of cancer globally. Most patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer present at a locally advanced stage, for which the standard treatment paradigm involves a multimodal approach combining neoadjuvant therapy with surgical resection. However, even under this regimen, 30%-40% of patients develop distant metastases postoperatively.

Antibiotic resistance genes in multi-matrices of Chaohu Lake: Spatiotemporal variation and correlation with pesticides and PPCPs.

This study explored the spatiotemporal distributions of microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the surface water, sediments, and fish intestinal contents (IC) of Chaohu Lake, and further revealed the pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), pesticides in lake water and their relationships with ARGs. 53 types of pesticides and 25 types of PPCPs were identified in the river-lake system basin, with the highest concentrations observed for tebuconazole (1142.36 ng/L) and amantadine (851.

Noncontact Breathing Pattern Monitoring Using a 120 GHz Dual Radar System with Motion Interference Suppression.

Continuous monitoring of respiratory patterns is essential for disease diagnosis and daily health care. Contact medical devices enable reliable respiratory monitoring, but can cause discomfort and are limited in some settings. Radar offers a noncontact respiration measurement method for continuous, real-time, high-precision monitoring.

The Relationship Between Hypothyroidism and Pneumonia and Possible Prevention and Treatment Measures.

Background: Epidemiological study has confirmed an association between hypothyroidism and pneumonia, but the causal relationship between the two remains unclear.

Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were used to confirm the correlation between hypothyroidism and pneumonia. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted to explore the potential causal relationship.

Bibliometric analysis of biologic treatments for chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) significantly impacts patients' quality of life. The use of biologic therapies in CRS management has gained traction in clinical practice. However, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted in this area thus far.

A Self-Assembled Protein Platform for Plug-and-Play Customization of Multivalent Artificial Antibodies and Antibody-Drug Conjugates.

Modular assembly of multivalent therapeutics with precise modulation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties remains a critical challenge in drug development. Here, we present ATPlug, a self-assembling protein platform that integrates three crucial functional modules: a trimerization domain to enhance avidity, a SpyCatcher module for efficient conjugation, and an albumin-binding domain to optimize pharmacokinetics and tissue selectivity. This rational design facilitates the modular assembly of multivalent artificial antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), demonstrating remarkable versatility through the successful incorporation of diverse therapeutic modules targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Glycosylation in kidney diseases.

Protein glycosylation is a critical post-translational modification that influences protein folding, localization, stability, and functional interactions by attaching glycans to specific sites. This process is crucial for biological functions of glycoproteins, and aberrant glycosylation can lead to genetic disorders, immune system issues, and multi-organ pathologies. Recent advancements in glycoproteomic technologies have made the study of protein glycosylation a key focus for understanding the pathogenesis of kidney diseases.

Corticosterone Contributes to Context-Triggered Retrieval of Morphine Withdrawal Memories by Acting on Basolateral Amygdala Neurons Projecting to Nucleus Accumbens Core.

Context-triggered retrieval of drug withdrawal memories (CTR-DWM) is a major cause of drug relapse. Most studies of the context-triggered retrieval of morphine withdrawal memories (CTR-MWM) have mainly focused on the functional interactions within the central structures of the brain. It remains unknown how an increase in corticosterone, which is an important response under drug withdrawal state, participates in CTR-MWM.

Progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors globally. The screening rate of GC is low, and the early symptoms are not obvious, which affects early diagnosis, and most patients have a poor prognosis. Various treatments are available for GC, mainly surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Discovery of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 inhibitor by structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulations, and the enhancement of paclitaxel's antitumor activity.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), a key epigenetic regulator, is implicated in tumor progression and therapy resistance. Here, we identify a novel PRMT1 inhibitor, YH-4, through structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics simulations. YH-4 demonstrates potent PRMT1 inhibition (IC = 4.

USP18 promotes ferroptosis in lipopolysaccharide-induced human kidney organoids by stabilizing STING1.

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) is a severe condition with limited therapeutic options, resulting in poor prognosis. Ferroptosis exacerbates the damage caused by SI-AKI, but the mechanisms regulating ferroptosis, especially those involving ubiquitination regulators, remain poorly understood. Here, we used a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human kidney organoid (HKO) model to investigate ferroptosis in SI-AKI.