The Relationship Between Hypothyroidism and Pneumonia and Possible Prevention and Treatment Measures.

Background: Epidemiological study has confirmed an association between hypothyroidism and pneumonia, but the causal relationship between the two remains unclear.

Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were used to confirm the correlation between hypothyroidism and pneumonia. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted to explore the potential causal relationship.

Mendelian Randomization Analysis Reveals Causal Effects of Circulating Metabolites on Hyperaldosteronism.

Observational studies have demonstrated that metabolites may have effect on the development of hyperaldosteronism. However, whether these associations are causal remain uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between circulating metabolites and hyperaldosteronism.

Lipidomics Facilitates the Discovery of Diagnostic Biomarkers in Patients with Chronic Total Occlusion during the Perioperative Period.

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a subtype of cardiovascular disease associated with high mortality and an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia. This study aimed to investigate lipidomic changes in CTO patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using a tandem-lipidomic strategy. We first applied a global lipidomic approach to identify the serum lipidomes of CTO-PCI patients during the perioperative period, successfully separating and identifying over 1500 lipids.

Pan-cancer analysis reveals PRRT4 is a potential prognostic factor of AML.

Background: Proline-rich transmembrane protein 4 (PRRT4) has been infrequently studied, with limited literature suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker for gastric cancer. This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of the PRRT4 gene in pan-cancer.

Methods: We acquired and analyzed data from several platforms, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype Tissue Expression Project (GTEx), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), cBioPortal, HPA, and TIMER 2.

Comprehensive investigation of the interactions between natural rubber and lignin by molecular dynamics simulation.

Currently, the interaction behavior of natural rubber-lignin (NR-L) remains unclear. In this study, we successfully replicated the density, glass transition temperature, and mechanical properties of NR-L using molecular dynamics coupled with GAFF. Using these models, we rigorously investigated the interaction behavior of these systems, which revealed that when the ambient temperature was lower than the thermal decomposition temperature, there was almost no impact on system properties, including density, structure, interaction forces, radial pair distribution function, free volume, radius of gyration, and lignin hydrogen bonding, as no significant enthalpy change occurred.

Tanshinone IIA affects the proliferation of A549/Tax by affecting the expression of MMP7 through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective: This study aims to explore whether tanshinone IIA can act on paclitaxel-resistant non-small cell lung cancer A549/Tax and analyze the possible mechanisms involved.

Methods: Using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), we preliminarily analyzed whether tanshinone IIA has an inhibitory effect on A549/Tax cells. We utilized public datasets, self-collected transcriptome datasets, and drug target analysis to identify potential targets.

High-resolution mass spectrometry measurement of N-terminal carbamylated hemoglobin as a potential marker for chronic diseases with elevated blood urea levels.

Introduction: N-terminal carbamylated hemoglobin (CarHb) reflects long-term blood urea levels and has potential as a marker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other chronic conditions with elevated blood urea levels. A liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS) method was developed to measure CarHb.

Methods: Apparent CarHb/Hb ratios were calculated from the peak area ratios of carbamylated to native N-terminal peptides digested from hemoglobin alpha and beta subunits.

Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of HSPG2 as a marker for prognosis.

Background: In recent years, several studies have shown that HSPG2 is associated with the prognosis of specific cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of HSPG2 in pan-cancer and to analyze its possible mechanisms.

Methods: We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) to explore the expression of HSPG2 in 33 tumors and corresponding controls.

A fragmentation study of disaccharide flavonoid C-glycosides using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and its application for identification of flavonoid C-glycosides in Odontosoria chinensis.

Rationale: Flavonoid C-glycosides have a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, there are few mass spectrometric research on C,O-disaccharide flavonoid C-glycosides and di-C,O-saccharide flavonoid C-glycosides. Their low-energy collision-induced dissociation (ESI-CID-MS/MS) fragmentation pattern and differences have not been reported, and the fragment ion library is incomplete.

FAM65A promotes the progression and growth of lung squamous cell carcinoma in vivo and vitro.

Backgrounds: Currently, family with sequence similarity 65 member A (FAM65A) is reported as a pivotal regulator in various cancers. However, the effect of FAM65A in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is still unclear, the prime objective of this research is to explore the role of FAM65A in LSCC.

Methods: Gene expression data and correlated clinical information were downloaded from the public database and the expression of FAM65A was detected.

Application of immersive virtual reality (IVR) for the care of common diseases of older adults course: A mixed methods study.

Objective: This study aimed to enhance understanding, engagement, and learning efficiency in the course "The Care of Common Diseases of Older Adults" using a developed Immersive Virtual Reality(IVR) system.

Methods: A mixed-methods study with 32 students was conducted. The quantitative part involved a randomized controlled trial, and the qualitative part included thematic interviews with students and teachers.

Different treatment modalities on the prognosis of patients with stage I-IIIa small cell lung cancer: a population based study.

Background: Several studies have shown that surgery may improve prognosis in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). This study aimed to compare the effects of different treatment modalities on lung cancer specific survival (LCSS) and overall survival (OS) in LS-SCLC patients.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify patients diagnosed with LS-SCLC.

Discovery of 2,3-Dihydro[1,4]dioxino[2,3-]benzofuran Derivatives as Protease Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4) Antagonists with Potent Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity and Low Bleeding Tendency.

Patients with arterial embolic disease have benefited greatly from antiplatelet therapy. However, hemorrhage risk of antiplatelet agents cannot be ignored. Herein, we describe the discovery of 2,3-dihydro[1,4]dioxino[2,3-]benzofuran compounds as novel PAR4 antagonists.

Comprehensive kinetic modeling and product distribution for pyrolysis of pulp and paper mill sludge.

Pyrolysis holds immense potential for clean treatment of pulp and paper mill sludge (PPMS), enabling efficient energy and chemical recovery. However, current understanding of PPMS pyrolysis kinetics and product characteristics remains incomplete. This study conducted detailed modeling of pyrolysis kinetics for two typical PPMSs from a wastepaper pulp and paper mill, namely, deinking sludge (PPMS-DS) and sewage sludge (PPMS-SS), and analyzed comprehensively pyrolysis products.

Exploring the link between walking and lung cancer risk: a two-stage Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous observational research showed a potential link between physical activities such as walking and the risk of lung cancer. However, Mendelian randomization (MR) studies suggested there was no association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and lung cancer risk. We speculated that specific physical activities may be associated with lung cancer risk.

Sinus metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma: a case report.

Metastatic carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses in lung cancer is an extremely uncommon condition. We report here a 57-year-old female patient with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with multiple bone metastases. After resistance to second- and third-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the patient presented with headache accompanied by progressively enlarging lesions of the nasal cavity on CT scan.

Establishment of a novel tumor neoantigen prediction tool for personalized vaccine design.

The personalized neoantigen nanovaccine (PNVAC) platform for patients with gastric cancer we established previously exhibited promising anti-tumor immunoreaction. However, limited by the ability of traditional neoantigen prediction tools, a portion of epitopes failed to induce specific immune response. In order to filter out more neoantigens to optimize our PNVAC platform, we develop a novel neoantigen prediction model, NUCC.

Comparative Analysis of Six Chloroplast Genomes in and Its Related Genera (): New Insights into Phylogenetic Relationships and the Development of Species-Specific Molecular Markers.

Species within the genus hold significant research interest due to their nutritional richness and salt tolerance. However, the morphological similarities among closely related species and a dearth of genomic resources have impeded their comprehensive study and utilization. In the present research, we conduct the sequencing and assembly of chloroplast (cp) genomes from six and related species, five of which were sequenced for the first time.

The value of folate receptor-positive circulating tumour cells as a diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the diagnostic value of folate receptor-positive (FR+) circulating tumour cells (CTCs) as a potential tumour marker for lung cancer diagnosis.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles published between database inception and November 2022. Eligible studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Individualised adjuvant immunotherapy with neoantigen-reactive T cells for gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma.

Objectives: The signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the stomach is highly invasive. Patients with stage III gastric SRCC usually experience tumor recurrence within 2 years after radical surgery. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment to postpone recurrence following adjuvant chemotherapy.

Testing the generalizability of cfDNA fragmentomic features across different studies for cancer early detection.

cfDNA fragmentomic features have been used in cancer detection models; however, the generalizability of the models needs to be tested. We proposed a type of cfDNA fragmentomic feature named chromosomal arm-level fragment size distribution (ARM-FSD), evaluated and compared its performance and generalizability for lung cancer and pan-cancer detection with existing cfDNA fragmentomic features (as reference) by using cohorts from different institutions. The ARM-FSD lung cancer model outperformed the reference model by ∼10% when being tested by two external cohorts (AUC: 0.

Development and clinical application of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based assay to quantify eight tyrosine kinase inhibitors in human plasma.

Introduction: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are widely used in tumor treatment. The detection of these medicines by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can avoid the interference of structurally similar compounds.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a new LC-MS/MS assay for the quantification of eight tyrosine kinase inhibitors in human plasma and to preliminarily evaluate the clinical utility of the therapeutic drug monitoring method.

Identification of potential immunomodulators from Pulsatilla decoction that act on therapeutic targets for ulcerative colitis based on pharmacological activity, absorbed ingredients, and in-silico molecular docking.

Background: Pulsatilla decoction (Bai-Tou-Weng-Tang, BTWT) is a classic formula prescription of a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its active components and underlying mechanism of action remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to identify potential immunomodulators from BTWT that act at therapeutic targets for UC.

Benefits of an Immunogenic Personalized Neoantigen Nanovaccine in Patients with High-Risk Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer.

Personalized neoantigen vaccines have shown strong immunogenicity in clinical trial, but still face various challenges in facilitating an efficient antitumor immune response. Here, a personalized neoantigen nanovaccine (PNVAC) platform for adjuvant cancer immunotherapy is generated. PNVAC triggers superior protective efficacy against tumor recurrence and promotes longer survival than free neoantigens, especially when combined with anti-PD-1 treatment in a murine tumor model.