Haplotype-resolved genome and multi-omics landscape reveal an epigenetic regulation of citric acid accumulation in lemon.

Lemon (Citrus limon L.), an economically important Citrus species, produces high levels of citric acid. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying citric acid accumulation in lemon fruit are poorly understood.

Occipital Monitoring of PSI During Frontal Tumor Resection: A Feasibility Study.

Background: Frontal patient state index (PSI) monitoring is impractical during frontal lobe tumor resection due to surgical field interference. No validated alternative monitoring positions exist currently. This study evaluated the agreement between standard frontal and experimental occipital PSI monitoring.

Rapid Molten-Salt Synthesis of Phase-Controlled Mo-Doped Sulfides for Water Splitting.

Transition metal sulfides are promising electrocatalysts for water electrolysis. This work develops an innovative rapid low-temperature molten-salt template approach that enables one-step fabrication of free-standing Mo-doped sulfide nanowire arrays (Mo-NiS@NiS/NF) on nickel foam (NF) within merely 30 min, substantially reducing synthesis time compared to conventional methods. XRD and Raman analyses show that the doping of Mo makes the original NiS convert into NiS with higher catalytic activity.

Immunoprofiling at an Institutional Scale Reveals That High Numbers of Intratumoral CD8 and PD-1 Cells Predict Superior Patient Survival Across Major Cancer Types Independent of Major Risk Factors.

Purpose: Retrospective studies have found associations between the number of intratumoral immune cells and patient outcomes for specific cancers treated with targeted therapies. However, the clinical value of routinely quantifying intratumoral immune biomarkers using a digital pathology platform in the pan-cancer setting within an active clinical laboratory has not been established.

Methods: We developed ImmunoProfile, a daily clinical workflow that integrates automated multiplex immunofluorescence tissue staining, digital slide imaging, and machine learning-assisted scoring to quantify intratumoral CD8, PD-1, CD8PD-1, and FOXP3 immune cells and PD-L1 expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples in a standardized and reproducible manner.

Synergistic Ferroptosis-Immunotherapy Nanoplatforms: Multidimensional Engineering for Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling and Therapeutic Optimization.

Emerging ferroptosis-immunotherapy strategies, integrating functionalized nanoplatforms with ferroptosis-inducing agents and immunomodulatory therapeutics, demonstrate significant potential in managing primary, recurrent, and metastatic malignancies. Mechanistically, ferroptosis induction not only directly eliminates tumor cells but also promotes immunogenic cell death (ICD), eliciting damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) release to activate partial antitumor immunity. However, standalone ferroptosis therapy fails to initiate robust systemic antitumor immune responses due to inherent limitations: low tumor immunogenicity, immunosuppressive microenvironment constraints, and tumor microenvironment (TME)-associated physiological barriers (e.

Association of genetic variants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility in Southern Chinese Han populations.

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of disability and mortality among elderly populations. Studies indicate that plays a critical regulatory role in the pathogenesis of respiratory disorders. However, the genetic variations in to COPD susceptibility remain incompletely understood.

NIR II Imaging-Guided Self-Illuminating Fiber-Optic Theranostics.

Fiber-optic technology addresses nanoparticle-induced systemic toxicity and limited light penetration in phototheranostics. However, navigating optical fibers in vivo through current medical imaging modalities exhibits critical limitations, leaving "last-mile" interventional challenges unresolved. Herein, we demonstrate a near-infrared II imaging-guided self-illuminating fiber-optic theranostic probe strategy, integrating portable near-infrared II self-illumination-based navigation, luminescent ratiometry-mediated tumor identification, and multimodal thermal dose monitoring under photothermal therapy.

Human Umbilical Cord Blood Plasma-Derived Exosomal miR-410-3p Alleviates Liver Injury by Regulating the Mitochondria-Mediated Antiapoptotic Signaling.

Severe liver injury is a life-threatening condition with high mortality and limited therapeutic options. Extensive research on heterochronic parabiosis has highlighted the potent regenerative repair capabilities of young blood in tissue regeneration. However, it remains unclear whether younger blood, specifically umbilical cord blood, can offer similar benefits for tissue repair.

Medium-entropy nanoenzyme with high oxidase-like activity for sensitive detection of interleukin-6 based on ELISA.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an acute phase response protein. Its level rapidly increases in infection, trauma, and acute inflammatory states. It usually appears earlier than other inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.

Crosstalk reduction in optically pumped magnetometers arrays for biomagnetic measurement.

Magnetoencephalography based on the compact OPM (Optically Pumped Magnetometer) array offers a series of advantages, such as low cost and wearability, and is gradually being used in brain science research and the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases, such as epilepsy and dementia. As the distance between parametric resonance spin-exchange relaxation-free OPM sensors decreases, the array experiences increased crosstalk effect. We design a low-crosstalk coil to suppress magnetic field leakage, thereby reducing the impact of crosstalk.

The Role of Oxytocin in Parental Care.

Parental behaviors are essential for offspring survival and shaped by hormonal changes and adaptations in the neural circuits. Oxytocin, a nonapeptide, has been shown to play an important role in promoting parental behaviors. Using cutting-edge tools, studies have recently uncovered how oxytocin mediates parental behaviors through modulation of different neural circuits.

Intestinal bacteria translocation promotes β-cell dysfunction in DIO mice.

Awareness of the intestinal microflora involved in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has now become more evident. However, direct mechanical insight is required to illustrate the contribution of intestinal microflora in the disease progression. In this study, we aimed to precisely assess the changes in intestinal bacteria translocation (IBT) from gut to the pancreas using combinations of FISH, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and deep learning-assisted methods to track IBT in diet-induced obese (DIO) and antibiotic-induced microbiota disruption (AIMD)-DIO mouse models.

Harnessing artificial intelligence to identify Bufalin as a molecular glue degrader of estrogen receptor alpha.

Target identification in natural products plays a critical role in the development of innovative drugs. Bufalin, a compound derived from traditional medicines, has shown promising anti-cancer activity; however, its precise molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we employ artificial intelligence, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the molecular mechanism of Bufalin.

Effects of exogenous GR24 on the growth and gene expression of maize seedlings under drought stress.

The growth and production of maize (Zea mays L.) are severely impaired by drought stress. Strigolactones (SLs), a novel class of phytohormones, play key roles in regulating plant development and adaptation to drought stress.

Body-Coupled-Driven Object-Oriented Natural Interactive Interface.

The metaverse progressively demands heightened sophistication in human-multi-machine collaboration, accelerating development of hybrid immersive 2D tactile and 3D spatial perception interfaces. However, current interfaces struggle with the precision and adaptability in complex human-multi-machine interaction scenarios. This paper presents a transparent stretchable sensing interface synergizing 2D tactile and 3D spatial perception through body-coupled electromagnetic coupling.

Secondary Trifocal Intraocular Lens Implantation in Dense Cataracts: A Promising Alternative to One-Step Surgery.

Introduction: To compare the benefits of secondary trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantations versus one-step IOL implantations in managing dense cataracts.

Methods: Patients with dense cataracts, a preoperative axis length (AL) of 21.00-27.

Effects of ciprofol on postoperative delirium and outcomes in older patients undergoing major thoracic surgery: protocol for a multicentre, prospective, single-blinded, randomised controlled study.

Introduction: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a notable complication in older adults undergoing major thoracic surgery and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Ciprofol, an innovative sedative known for its haemodynamic stability, holds the potential to lower the risk of POD. However, high-quality evidence supporting this claim is limited.

SCSFish2025: a large dataset from South China sea for coral reef fish identification.

Coral reefs are one of the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth and are extremely important for marine ecosystems. However, coral reefs are rapidly degrading globally, and for this reason, in-situ online monitoring systems are being used to monitor coral reef ecosystems in real time. At the same time, artificial intelligence technology, particularly deep learning technology, is playing an increasingly important role in the study of coral reef ecology, especially in the automatic detection and identification of coral reef fish.

Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival and transfer dynamics on cold chain packaging materials: An integrated experimental-machine learning framework.

This study presents a comprehensive investigation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival and transfer on six cold chain packaging materials through experimental characterization and machine learning modeling. Survival experiments revealed significant material-dependent variations, with porous PE foamed cotton showing highest bacterial persistence (3.16 ± 0.

Co-immobilization of a rhodium catalyst and LDH on a carbon electrode using a covalent graft strategy for electrosynthesis of L-lactate in a bipolar electrochemical system.

This work demonstrates a wireless electroenzymatic platform using carbon microsphere electrodes co-immobilized with a rhodium catalyst and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for integrated NADH regeneration and pyruvate-to-L-lactate conversion in a bipolar electrochemical system. The 3D "aggregate reactor" architecture, functionalized diazonium grafting, Rh coordination, and covalent enzyme coupling, enables spatial coupling of cofactor recycling and biocatalysis, while HPLC revealed a L-lactate production rate of 0.04 mM cm h under 12.

Algorithm assisted comprehensive optimization of SPR sensors towards single molecule detection.

Detection of single molecules is a critical aspect of biochemistry, playing a vital role in understanding molecular interactions and functions. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors are increasingly used for this purpose due to their ability to enable label-free and rapid monitoring. However, detecting low-concentration analytes down to the single-molecule level presents a substantial challenge for SPR sensors.

TLR7-mediated immune response of renal myeloid-derived suppressor cells via RUNX1-KLF4 in systemic candidiasis.

TLR7 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play unique roles in determining host resistance to candidiasis. However, the precise mechanisms of TLR7 in MDSC differentiation and functionality during Candida albicans infection remain elusive. We found that compared with wild-type mice, kidney injuries and inflammation were significant in Tlr7 knockout mice.

Contrasting the Relative Importance of Microbial Generalists and Specialists in Maintaining Assembly Processes and Community Stability.

Microbial generalists and specialists play pivotal roles in community dynamics, yet their contributions to ecosystem stability under prolonged agricultural disturbance remain unclear. Here, to explore the different contributions of generalists and specialists to community stability, we collected 60 rhizosphere soil samples over three consecutive years (2021-2023) from long-term fertilised wheat fields on the Chinese Loess Plateau. We found that bacterial communities were dominated by generalists with higher microbial diversity, whereas fungal communities exhibited a contrasting pattern with a higher proportion of specialists.

Metformin and Adipose Tissue: A Multifaceted Regulator in Metabolism, Inflammation, and Regeneration.

Metformin, a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has garnered attention due to its pleiotropic effects beyond glycemic control. In addition to improving insulin sensitivity and inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis, metformin modulates inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular metabolism, particularly within adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is a crucial endocrine organ that plays a central role in metabolic homeostasis and is integral to obesity and T2DM pathogenesis.