Metabolite composition and taste quality of Eriocheir sinensis under different steaming methods.

This study investigated the impact of cold water with increasing temperature (CI) and boiling water with constant temperature (BC) steaming on the metabolites and taste of Eriocheir sinensis. Sensory evaluation and electronic tongue analysis indicated that CI group enhanced ovaries umami, whereas BC group increased muscle umami (p < 0.05).

A multi-tissue single-cell expression atlas in cattle.

Systematic characterization of the molecular states of cells in livestock tissues is essential for understanding the cellular and genetic mechanisms underlying economically and ecologically important physiological traits. Here, as part of the Farm Animal Genotype-Tissue Expression (FarmGTEx) project, we describe a comprehensive reference map including 1,793,854 cells from 59 bovine tissues in calves and adult cattle, spanning both sexes, which reveals intra-tissue and inter-tissue cellular heterogeneity in gene expression, transcription factor regulation and intercellular communication. Integrative analysis with genetic variants that underpin bovine monogenic and complex traits uncovers cell types of relevance, such as spermatocytes, responsible for sperm motility and excitatory neurons for milk fat yield.

Multimodal Approach to Intraventricular Hemorrhage Using Echocardiography, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and Electrical Cardiometry in Preterm Infants.

To investigate single versus combination hemodynamic parameters on intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or mortality in preterm infants. Data from 482 infants under 32 weeks gestational age were analyzed, including cerebral oximetry, mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output, and systemic blood flow within the first 24 h. Wilcoxon Rank-Sum and chi-squared tests compared variables.

Dysregulation of chromatin remodeling genes predicts clinical outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of the blood system. The commonly altered regions in the genome of AML encompass a multitude of gene modifications associated with epigenetic regulation. However, the prognostic significance of chromatin remodeling-related genes (CRRGs) as an overall indicator has yet to be assessed in AML.

Molecular design of sensitizers for high-efficiency OLEDs: exploration of energy transfer dynamics.

As a class of functional materials used in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), sensitizers play a crucial role in the improvement of device efficiency, color purity, and stability. In recent years, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitizers have attracted much attention mainly because of their high exciton utilization efficiency by converting quenched triplet excitons into singlet excitons. Despite the experimental success of sensitization strategies in enhancing OLED performance, the lack of theoretical models for sensitizers continues to hinder further development.

The double-edged sword effect of leader mindfulness on employee taking charge.

Background: Leadership is a crucial factor influencing employee taking charge, which plays a critical role in organizational survival and success in the VUCA (variability, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) era, while previous studies have neglected the influence of leader mindfulness on taking charge. Moreover, most studies have extensively focused on the positive effects of leadership on employee taking charge, with insufficient exploration of the diverse mechanisms in different cultural contexts. Therefore, drawing on the social information processing theory, this study examined the double-edged sword effect of leader mindfulness on employee taking charge in the context of Chinese culture, along with investigating the mediating role of psychological capital and ego depletion and the moderating role of Zhongyong thinking.

High-yield enzymatic synthesis of UDP-β-L-arabinose via a novel two-enzyme cascade: Structure insights into arabinokinase and engineered UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase.

UDP-β-L-arabinose (UDP-Ara) serves as a key arabinose donor for plant cell-wall polysaccharides, arabinogalactan proteins, extensins, glycopeptide hormones, and diverse flavonoids and saponins, yet its scalable synthesis has remained challenging. Here, we present an efficient, fully enzymatic pathway for UDP-Ara production. An arabinokinase from Acidobacteriota (AbGHMP) selectively converts L-Ara to L-Ara-1-phosphate, with its substrate-bound crystal structure offering the first molecular insights into arabinokinase specificity.

Genome of a novel Fangshan bunya-like virus identified in mosquitoes from Shandong Province, China.

Mosquitoes are important vectors of a wide range of viruses and serve as pivotal vectors with complex ecological functions that facilitate the transmission of these pathogens between hosts, such as humans, through biting behavior. In the mosquito surveillance conducted in Weifang and Yantai cities of Shandong Province, genetic material of a novel virus, temporarily named Fangshan bunya-like virus, was detected. From 3013 female mosquitoes, genetic material was detected in 9 pools (infection rate: 0.

Machine learning coupling microbial succession to decipher gas stripping-reinforced sulfate reduction for hydrogen sulfide removal.

Machine learning-assisted gas stripping optimization is showing great potential of removing hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the acidogenesis phase to enhance sulfate reduction. Herein, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed unprecedentedly to model the sulfate reduction rate after removal of HS. Under the COD/SO ratio of 8.

Tissue-specific distribution of microplastics in human blood and carotid plaques: A paired sample analysis.

Backgrounds: Microplastics (MPs) have been increasingly detected in human tissues, raising concerns about their role in cardiovascular disease. However, their distribution in matched blood and vascular tissues, such as atherosclerotic plaques, remains poorly understood.

Methods: Paired blood and carotid plaque samples were analyzed for 12 polymer types of MPs using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry among twenty patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.

Breathless Aftermath: Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis.

A significant number of individuals recovering from COVID-19 continue to experience persistent symptoms, collectively referred to as Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID. Among these complications, post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PC19-PF) is one of the most severe long-term outcomes, characterized by progressive lung scarring, chronic respiratory impairment, and reduced quality of life. Despite the increasing prevalence of PC19-PF, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Molecular and Drug Resistance Characteristics of Carried by Pediatric Patients with Adenoid Hypertrophy.

Purpose: The adenoid microbiota plays a key role in adenoid hypertrophy (AH). This study explored the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of () strains in pediatric AH patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of pediatric AH patients undergoing endoscopic adenoidectomy.

Discovery of Tricyclic Aromatic Polyketides Reveals Hidden Chain-Length Flexibility in Type II Polyketide Synthases.

Type II polyketide synthases (PKSs) collectively generate polyketide intermediates of varying chain lengths, which undergo cyclization and further tailoring to produce structurally diverse aromatic polyketides. The length of the polyketide chain is a critical factor shaping the core scaffold of the final product. However, individual type II PKSs typically produce intermediates with a fixed chain length, thereby limiting the structural diversity accessible from a single biosynthetic system.

The impact of mixed reality training method on novice trainees of dental implants: an in vitro study.

Objectives: A novel dental implant training method based on mixed reality (MR) navigation technology was developed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the learning effect of this method in novices.

Methods: We designed and developed an MR-based training method that provides real-time supervision, teaching, and guidance.

Associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and type 2 diabetes: The modifying effects of lifestyle and genetic risk.

The longitudinal association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains elusive. We conducted a nested case-control study, including 985 incident diabetes cases and 985 matched controls to explore the association of PFASs exposure with T2D. Serum concentrations of 30 PFASs were measured.

Learning instrumental variable representation for debiasing in recommender systems.

Recommender systems are essential for filtering content to match user preferences. However, traditional recommender systems often suffer from biases inherent in the data, such as popularity bias. These biases, particularly those stemming from latent confounders, can result in inaccurate recommendations and reduce both the diversity and effectiveness of the system.

Enhancing the resistance of pipe joint to riboflavin mediated microbial corrosion via increasing heat input.

This study investigated the dual role of heat input (HI) and riboflavin on microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of pipe joint. The results showed that localized corrosion of the base metal (BM) and weld zone (WZ) was more severe than that in the heat affected zone (HAZ), but the general corrosion of the former two regions was less severe than that in the latter. The pit depths of BM (8.

[Electroacupuncture at "Lianquan" (CV23) improves post-stroke dysphagia via hypoglossal nucleus].

Objectives: To investigate the mechanisms by which the hypoglossal nucleus (12N) modulates swallowing-related activities and mediates the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Lianquan" (CV23) in alleviating post-stroke dysphagia (PSD).

Methods: Tracer viruses were used to investigate the brain regions that directly project to CV23. C57BL/6J mice were divided into 7 groups:control, model, model+EA, normal+12N inhibition control, normal+12N inhibition, model+EA+12N inhibition control, and model+EA+12N inhibition groups (7 mice/group).

Alteration of intestinal mucosal immunity and metabolites in mice exposed to chronic restraint stress.

Depression is greatly impacted by stress. Individuals with depression are more susceptible to developing gastrointestinal disorders. Chronic restraint stress (CRS) can induce depression-like behaviors in animals.

Diterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids from Euphorbia helioscopia and their neuroprotective activity.

Euphorbia helioscopia L., also known as "Zeqi" in China, has been used for decades as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat various diseases. In this study, a phytochemical investigation of the whole plant of E.

Reconfigurable Counterion Gradient around Charged Metal Nanoparticles Enables Self-Rectifying and Volatile Artificial Synapse.

Developing a device that faithfully replicates the characteristics of biological synapses is a prerequisite for the hardware implementation of neuromorphic computing. An electronic device fabricated with metallic materials, instead of traditional semiconductors, is "genetically" impossible since the field applied to the metal is screened, leading to insensitive modulation in material conductance. Herein, these two independent or uncorrelated "challenges" can be addressed by using metal nanoparticles decorated with charged molecules.

Endogenous formation of Fe-bearing particles and their differentiation from exogenous exposure.

Accurately distinguishing between the endogenous formation and exogenous exposure of Fe-bearing particles (e.g., magnetic Fe particles) within biological organisms is the prerequisite for scientifically evaluating their health risks.

SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 endoribonuclease subverts host defenses to enhance viral fitness in lung cells.

Coronaviruses encode nonstructural protein 15 (Nsp15), a conserved endoribonuclease (EndoU) known to suppress host antiviral responses. It is imperative to understand the role of Nsp15/EndoU during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in its primary target respiratory epithelial cells. Using a recombinant wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (rWT) and a mutant with catalytically inactive EndoU (rH234A), we show that the EndoU activity is dispensable for viral replication in Vero cells but critically facilitates immune suppression and infection in physiologically relevant human lung cells, including human lung-derived epithelial cell lines, primary bronchial air-liquid interface cultures, and alveolar type 2 organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.