Naturally impaired side-chain shortening of aromatic 3-ketoacyl-CoAs reveals the biosynthetic pathway of plant acetophenones.

Acetophenones, which show scattered distribution across phylogenetically distant plants and fungi, play diverse roles in plant-plant, plant-insect, plant-microbiome and even animal-insect interactions. However, the enzymatic basis of acetophenone biosynthesis in plants remains unknown. Here we elucidate the complete biosynthetic pathway of picein (4-hydroxyacetophenone glucoside) from 4-coumaroyl-CoA using pear (Pyrus) as a study system.

Mechanistic Study of NT5E in Reg3β-Induced Macrophage Polarization and Cooperation with Plasma Proteins in Myocarditis Injury and Repair.

We aimed to explore the mechanism by which extracellular-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E) regulates macrophage polarization via regenerating islet-derived protein 3 beta (Reg3β) and other plasma proteins that mediate immune-cell effects on myocarditis. Methods: The involvement of NT5E in Reg3β-induced macrophage polarization was first analyzed using RNA sequencing, Western blotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Mendelian randomization was employed to identify NT5E and various plasma proteins as potential therapeutic targets for myocarditis.

Learning instrumental variable representation for debiasing in recommender systems.

Recommender systems are essential for filtering content to match user preferences. However, traditional recommender systems often suffer from biases inherent in the data, such as popularity bias. These biases, particularly those stemming from latent confounders, can result in inaccurate recommendations and reduce both the diversity and effectiveness of the system.

Superelastic and Washable Micro/Nanofibrous Sponges Based on Biomimetic Helical Fibers for Efficient Thermal Insulation.

Extreme cold weather seriously harms human thermoregulatory system, necessitating high-performance insulating garments to maintain body temperature. However, as the core insulating layer, advanced fibrous materials always struggle to balance mechanical properties and thermal insulation, resulting in their inability to meet the demands for both washing resistance and personal protection. Herein, inspired by the natural spring-like structures of cucumber tendrils, a superelastic and washable micro/nanofibrous sponge (MNFS) based on biomimetic helical fibers is directly prepared utilizing multiple-jet electrospinning technology for high-performance thermal insulation.

MRI-Based Assessment of Margin Status Determinants, Preoperative Predictors, and Prognostic Outcomes in Breast-Conserving Surgery Following Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Background And Purpose: This MRI-based study investigates factors influencing and predictors of margin status in neoadjuvant therapy followed by patients with breast-conserving surgery (NAT-BCS) and evaluates associated locoregional/distant control outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 117 consecutive patients with breast cancer (BC) who underwent NAT-BCS between June 2014 and June 2024. All patients received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations both before and after NAT.

A preoperative predictive model for margin status in breast-conserving surgery.

Background And Purpose: Positive margins after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) not only frequently necessitate re-excision but also represent the most significant risk factor for local recurrence. This study aimed to identify preoperative predictors of positive margins in BCS and establish a predictive model.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2837 patients with primary breast cancer (BC) who underwent BCS at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital between June 2014 and June 2024.

Sliding characteristics of chute waste slag in high steep canyon ecologically sensitive areas.

To address the significant ecological impact caused by constructing access roads for tunnel excavation in steep and rugged canyon areas, a novel method is proposed in this paper. This suggests that waste slag materials are rapidly transported through an elongated chute attached to the mountain surface. This study utilizes theoretical analysis, on-site experiments, and numerical simulations to investigate the sliding characteristics of elongated chutes for efficient waste slag disposal.

Sustainable biomass-based filter for high-efficiency PM filtration.

Biomass materials have been widely used in various industries to achieve a carbon-neutral and sustainable society. Here, we show a heterogeneous corn-based precursor strategy that transforms low-value agricultural waste into structural air filters composed of alternating microfibers (2.61 ± 1.

Reproductive toxicity of glyphosate and its main metabolite aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA) on zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Glyphosate(GLY), as the most widely used herbicide globally, has attracted much attention for its potential toxicity, especially reproductive toxicity. Its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) also has biological activity and may remain in the body for a long time with stronger toxic effects. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to GLY or AMPA at the concentration of 0, 0.

Magnetically actuated superparamagnetic liposomes for accurate photothermal therapy and antitumor immunoactivation.

Liposomes are widely employed in drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, their therapeutic efficacy remains constrained by passive diffusion and limited targeting specificity. Although ligand modification has the potential to enhance the targeting ability of liposomes, a series of challenges, including complex synthesis, high costs, and potential immunogenicity, tend to hinder its broader clinical translation.

Uncertainty-Aware Graph Neural Networks: A Multihop Evidence Fusion Approach.

Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel in graph representation learning by integrating graph structure and node features. Existing GNNs, unfortunately, fail to account for the uncertainty of class probabilities that vary with the depth of the model, leading to unreliable and risky predictions in real-world scenarios. To bridge the gap, in this article, we propose a novel evidence-fusing graph neural network (EFGNN) to achieve trustworthy prediction, enhance node classification accuracy, and make explicit the risk of wrong predictions.

Dendrobine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by modulating FAM134B-mediated endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and mitochondrial function.

Background: Macrophage-mediated excessive inflammatory responses play a pivotal role in sepsis progression, particularly in the lungs. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitochondrial dysfunction, also contribute to the development of acute lung injury (ALI). Dendrobine is a natural alkaloid known to alleviate ERS in various diseases; however, its specific role in sepsis-associated ALI is not yet fully understood.

An Ultrathin Membrane with Bubble-Raft-Inspired Single-Layer Nanofibrous Networks for Efficient and Low-Resistance Air Filtration.

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a major global safety concern, significantly straining the ecological environment, human health, and economy. Filtration membranes, essential for PM removal, are challenging in achieving both high efficiency and low air resistance, resulting in a high pressure drop during efficient filtration. Herein, inspired by bubble rafts, an ultrathinnanofibrous network membrane is fabricated by transforming a liquid film of polysulfonesolution on electrospun fibrous scaffold into a single-layer network via nonsolvent-induced phase separation.

A coupled system accelerating the photocatalytic reduction of captured CO to methane.

Herein, we develop a flow-coupled system using a bifunctional Pd/TiO-TEPA/SiO composite that integrates CO capture and photocatalytic reduction. The amine-functionalized SiO pores selectively enrich diluted CO (10%) near Pd/TiO active sites, creating a CO-rich microenvironment that promotes CO adsorption and lowers the energy barrier for *COOH intermediate formation. This system boosts the conversion of diluted CO into CH with a production rate of up to 5.

Effectiveness of Physical Activity-Led Workplace Health Promotion Interventions: A Systematic Review.

: With increasing work pace and stress, sedentary office habits and insufficient physical activity (PA) pose significant threats to employee health and organizational productivity. Physical activity-led workplace health interventions (PAWHIs) have gained attention due to their multifaceted benefits for employees' physical and mental health. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PAWHIs and examine the success rates of PA combined with various supplementary intervention approaches in improving employee health.

Characterization of Water-Resistant Adhesive Prepared by Cross-Linking Reaction of Oxidized Starch with Lignin.

Wood adhesives play a critical role in the wood processing industry; however, traditional formaldehyde-based adhesives pose health risks and are reliant on non-renewable resources. This study aims to develop a bio-based wood adhesive with excellent water resistance, focusing on environmentally friendly solutions. The synthesis of an oxidized starch-lignin (OSTL) composite adhesive was accomplished by modifying starch via oxidation and subsequent cross-linking with lignin.

Node transfer with graph contrastive learning for class-imbalanced node classification.

In graph representation learning, the class imbalance problem is a significant challenge that has received much attention from academics. Although current approaches have shown promising results, they have not adequately addressed the problems of node quantity imbalance and feature space imbalance in datasets. This research presents a node transfer with graph contrastive learning framework (NT-GCL) that aims to improve the representation capabilities of graph neural networks for minority classes nodes by balancing node quantity and feature space distributions.

Polymer Coating Enabling a Durable Conductive Network for Si-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have become a promising class of high-capacity silicon-based anodes. However, their large surface area intensifies severe interfacial side reactions, which impair kinetic performance. In this study, a uniform allyltrimethoxysilane-derived polymer (AP) coating is applied to SiNPs, enhancing the durability of the conductive network by strengthening triphasic contact integrity among SiNPs, conductive additives, and binders.

[Research progress of acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of primary liver cancer and its related complications].

The theoretical foundation of acupuncture and moxibustion is solid to support the treatment of liver cancer and its related complications. A large number of clinical and basic studies have deliberated the therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on liver cancer. The effects of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy were summarized in terms of controlling tumor lesion growth, alleviating cancer pain, reducing ascites production, attenuating immunosuppression, inhibiting angiogenesis in tumors, alleviating postoperative or chemotherapy-related side effects, and relieving cancer-related insomnia in this review.

Cation-driven phase transition and anion-enhanced kinetics for high energy efficiency zinc-interhalide complex batteries.

Aqueous Zn-halogen batteries, valued for high safety, large capacity, and low cost, suffer from the polyhalide shuttle effect and chaotic zinc electrodeposition, reducing energy efficiency and lifespan. Here we show a cation-driven positive electrode phase transition to suppress the shuttle effect and achieve uniform zinc electrodeposition, along with an anion kinetic enhancement strategy to improve energy efficiency and lifespan. Taking tetramethylammonium halide (TMAX, X = F, Cl, Br) as a subject, TMA promotes oriented zinc (101) deposition on the negative electrode through electrostatic shielding, significantly extending cycling life.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Gene Family in and Functional Characterization of in Salt Tolerance.

The Rare Cold-Inducible 2 () gene encodes a conserved hydrophobic peptide that plays a crucial role in ion homeostasis, membrane stability, and responses to abiotic stress. In this study, six members of the gene family were identified in L., all of which contain highly conserved PMP domains.

Fine extraction of multi-crop planting area based on deep learning with Sentinel- 2 time-series data.

Accurate and timely access to the spatial distribution of crops is crucial for sustainable agricultural development and food security. However, extracting multi-crop areas based on high-resolution time-series data and deep learning still faces challenges. Therefore, this study aims to provide an effective model for multi-crop classification using high-resolution remote sensing time-series data.

Ultralight and Flame-Retardant Nanofiber/Aerogel Microfiber Sponges with Dual-Network Structures for Warmth Retention.

Long-term exposure to cold conditions can cause damage to the body, which makes cold prevention equipment urgently needed. However, the most commonly used fibrous warmth retention materials have drawbacks of heavy weight, poor mechanical properties, flammability, and inefficient thermal insulating performance. Herein, we propose a simple and feasible strategy to prepare nanofiber/aerogel microfiber sponges (NAMS) with dual-network structures for warmth retention by direct electrospinning.

Revisiting low-homophily for graph-based fraud detection.

The openness of Internet stimulates a large number of fraud behaviors which have become a huge threat. Graph-based fraud detectors have attracted extensive interest since the abundant structure information of graph data has proved effective. Conventional Graph Neural Network (GNN) approaches reveal fraudsters based on the homophily assumption.