Watt-level, high-efficiency single-frequency DBR Tm-doped YAG crystal-derived silica fiber laser oscillator at 1941 nm.

A watt-level, high-efficiency single-frequency distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) fiber laser emitting at 1941 nm was demonstrated using a Tm-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Tm:YAG) crystal-derived silica fiber (TYCDSF). The TYCDSF, featuring a core doping concentration of TmO as high as ∼12.17 wt.

Silencing epileptic storms: targeting miRNA-lncRNA crosstalk in astrocytes and microglia to disarm neuroinflammatory triggers.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by abnormal synchronous discharges of neurons in the brain. It affects approximately 70 million people worldwide, and approximately 30% of patients are resistant to existing antiepileptic drugs. Repeated seizures can lead to neuronal damage, glial cell activation and neuroinflammation, creating a vicious cycle of seizures, inflammation, and neuronal damage.

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Identifies Novel Prognostic Signatures in HNSCC Immunotherapy Response.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) poses a major therapeutic challenge. In this study, we aimed to analyze tumor immune microenvironment changes and develop a prognostic model based on immunotherapy response. We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from three HNSCC patients receiving TLR8 agonist and anti-PD1 combination therapy, identified cell subpopulations before and after treatment with a focus on six major immune cell types, and developed a LASSO-Cox risk stratification model using combined single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data.

Single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal cellular and molecular patterns of rose petal responses to gray mold infection.

Roses ) are the most popular cut flower plants worldwide, accounting for over a third of the global cut flower industry. Gray mold, caused by , is often referred to as the postharvest "cancer" of cut roses and represents the most significant disease impacting the postharvest preservation of these flowers in China. Currently, research progress in this area has been limited.

Efficacy and safety of triple therapy with vonoprazan for eradication: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: () is a Gram-negative bacterium that relies on flagellar motility to colonize the stomach, damaging the gastric mucosa through various mechanisms and leading to various digestive disorders. Accurate assessment and precise treatment are essential in initial intensive therapy.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy and safety of a vonoprazan (VPZ)-based triple regimen for first-line eradication of in China.

Photoacoustic and fluorescence hybrid microscope for cortex-wide imaging of neurovascular dynamics with subcellular resolution.

Simultaneously monitoring cortex-wide microvascular dynamics, blood oxygenation metabolism, and neuronal activities with high spatiotemporal resolution is essential for understanding neurovascular coupling (NVC). However, it remains a challenge for existing neuroimaging tools. Here, we report a linear transducer array-based hybrid microscope (LiTA-HM) that integrates photoacoustic microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy to achieve simultaneous neurovascular imaging with a field of view (FOV) of 6 millimeters by 5 millimeters, a spatial resolution of ~6 micrometers, and a temporal resolution of 0.

[Mechanism related to bile acids metabolism of liver injury induced by long-term administration of emodin].

Emodin is a hydroxyanthraquinone compound that is widely distributed and has multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, and liver-protective effects. Research indicates that emodin may be one of the main components responsible for inducing hepatotoxicity. However, studies on the mechanisms of liver injury are relatively limited, particularly those related to bile acids(BAs) metabolism.

Leveraging multinational enterprises to reduce the escalating regional carbon inequality in China.

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) affect regional inequality as they exert substantial yet uneven economic and environmental effects. This study evaluates the impacts of MNEs on China's regional carbon emission inequality against value-added gains using an environmentally extended interprovincial input-output model that differentiates MNEs activities across China's provincial-level administrative divisions. We find that MNEs predominantly concentrated in developed coastal regions from 1997-2012, while less developed inland regions accounted for less than 30% of MNEs-generated value-added but over 50% of MNEs-related carbon emissions.

PREDAC-FluB: predicting antigenic clusters of seasonal influenza B viruses with protein language model embedding based convolutional neural network.

Influenza poses a significant global public health threat, with vaccination being the most effective and economical preventive measure. However, these punctuated antigenic changes, particularly in HA, result in escape from the immunity that was induced by prior infection or vaccination. Accurately predicting antigenic variation and understanding the antigenic dynamics of influenza viruses are crucial for selecting appropriate vaccine strains, but no established methods exist for influenza B viruses.

Dual-strategy LaMnNiO-Nano perovskite catalysts via B-site doping and nanocasting for cost-effective mineralization of hazardous hexachlorobutadiene.

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), an increasingly threatening persistent organic pollutant, has few mineralization disposal methods due to its high chlorination, thus demanding urgent development of efficient and cost-effective catalytic systems. Herein, LaMnNiO-Nano perovskite catalysts were rationally engineered through a dual-strategy combining nanocasting with B-site doping, which exhibited superior oxidation activity toward HCBD. At 250°C and 10 vol% HO, the CO yield of LaMnNiO-Nano reached 637.

Indirect emissions contribute a quarter of air pollution-related health burden of food systems in China.

Agricultural intensification produces indirect emissions beyond ammonia volatilization from activities such as machinery usage, food processing, transportation, storage and energy inputs. Here we integrate an input-output analysis with air quality modelling approaches, showing that attributable mortality from indirect emissions has risen sixfold in China over the past 37 years. Indirect emissions now account for one-quarter of air pollution-related attributable mortality associated with food consumption.

Perinatal Women's Perception of Maternal Health Information Quality on Digital Media: Scoping Review.

Background: Perinatal women are increasingly turning to digital media for maternal health information; however, concerns regarding the quality of this information persist. Understanding perinatal women's perceptions of information quality is essential for enhancing the effectiveness of information services.

Objective: This review aims to (1) identify the key features that perinatal women focus on when perceiving the quality of maternal health information on digital media and (2) summarize the quality issues with maternal health information on digital media that perinatal women have reported.

Geopolymer Modified with Insoluble Calcite and Various Silica Fumes Originated from Different Manufacturing Processes.

It has been proven that silica fume (SF), which is a by-product from the manufacturing of single-crystal silicon, is beneficial for enhancing the mechanical properties, durability, and workability of geopolymers, as it can be quickly dissolved and form silicate-based cementitious phases in alkaline environments. However, the reinforcement mechanism of SF on geopolymer remains unclear due to the chemical complexity of geopolymer and the variety of SF types. Additionally, the solubility of calcite in an alkali environment is quite limited, and thus the formation of the amorphous calcium-based gels will be thwarted due to the lack of soluble calcium ions.

Comparative Study of Free and Encapsulated Hypocrellin B on Photophysical-Chemical Properties, Cellular Uptake, Subcellular Distribution, and Phototoxicity.

The present study compared the free and encapsulated photosensitizer hypocrellin B (HB) in terms of photophysical-chemical properties, cellular uptake, subcellular distribution, and phototoxicity. The hydrophobic HB was encapsulated into liposomes (HB@Lipo) or poly (lactic--glycolic acid) nanoparticles (HB@PLGA). Encapsulation into nanocarriers exerted no obvious influence on the photophysical-chemical properties of HB, including UV-visible absorbance, fluorescence spectra, singlet oxygen (O) production capacity, and photostability.

Chronic exposure to milk odorant might ameliorate the depressive-like behavior of mice through gut-brain axis.

Mental disorders are one of the leading causes of global health burden, while food flavors play a significant role in promoting the appetite and mood of people. This study aimed to investigate the intervention effects of two kinds of pleasant food odorants on depressed mice induced by reserpine. After 6-week exposure, beef odorant and milk odorant could effectively reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), restored hippocampal structure, elevated neurotransmitters (5-HT, DA, NE), and upregulated BDNF/GFAP expression.

Co-assembled Manganese-CpG Nanoliposomes for Enhanced Immunotherapy against Colon Cancer Stem Cells.

Nanovaccines represent a promising strategy for colon cancer immunotherapy, with the potential to elicit potent, tumor-specific immune responses. However, the efficacy of these vaccines is often compromised by the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Nanoliposome (NLP) is a widely used delivery system in nucleic acid and drug delivery research.

Plastid genomic features and phylogenetic placement in Rosa (Rosaceae) through comparative analysis.

Background: Species of the genus Rosa are among the commercially important exploited groups of ornamental plants in the world. Despite its wide application, the phylogenetic placement of many subgenera and sections of the genus is still unresolved due to hybridization, polyploidization, incomplete lineage sorting, low differentiation among the genus, and even their complex history of cultivation and breeding. Through more comprehensive taxon sampling, this study analyzed 18 representative Rosa plastid genomes, including 13 new sequences, to elucidate their phylogeny within the genus as well as the variation patterns in the plastid genomes.

Dimethylarsenic acid (DMA) is the material basis for the oral arsenic realgar in treatment of leukemia.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is highly malignant and progresses rapidly. In recent years, several studies have shown that oral arsenic, the primary component is realgar, could effectively alleviate APL, with therapeutic effects not inferior to those of intravenous arsenic and a higher safety profile, but currently the active substances and mechanism of realgar's anti-APL effect are unclear, making oral arsenic agents containing realgar lack sufficient scientific basis clinically. The clinical trials on oral arsenic agents containing realgar for the treatment of APL over the past 20 years were reviewed, suggesting it had good therapeutic effect and relatively high safety.

CT-Denoimer: efficient contextual transformer network for low-dose CT denoising.

. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) effectively reduces radiation exposure to patients, but introduces severe noise artifacts that affect diagnostic accuracy. Recently, Transformer-based network architectures have been widely applied to LDCT image denoising, generally achieving superior results compared to traditional convolutional methods.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Through the Promotion of Type 2 Macrophage Polarization.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), recognized as the leading cause of end-stage renal disease globally, necessitates novel therapeutic development. While mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) demonstrate therapeutic potential in DN management, their precise mechanisms require systematic elucidation. This study investigated the link between DN and inflammation activation, as well as the pathophysiological significance of MSC-mediated macrophage polarization and podocyte injury repair during this progression.

Combining ranibizumab with calcium dobesilate to reduce injection frequency in diabetic macular edema treatment.

Background: This study explores the potential of calcium dobesilate combined with intravitreal ranibizumab injections to reduce the treatment frequency in patients with DME-induced visual impairment and observes the clinical outcomes.

Methods: In this investigation involving 90 DME patients, a comparative analysis was conducted between a group treated with both ranibizumab injections and calcium dobesilate capsules (45 patients) and a control group receiving only the injections (45 patients). Treatment was monthly for 3 months, then adjusted as needed, with a follow-up at 12 months focusing on injection frequency, BCVA scores, and CMT to assess both treatment efficacy and safety.

Effects of exogenous strigolactones on growth and physiological characteristics of two species under drought stress.

To investigate the role of strigolactones (SLs) in alleviating the impacts of drought stress on , we examined the effects of drought and exogenous SLs analogue GR24 (20 μmol·L) on the growth of two species, and , with PEG-6000 (PEG-6000=20%) to simulate drought stress. The results showed that spraying GR24 effectively alleviated the wilting and yellowing degree of leaves in both species, and effectively promoted root growth. Root vitality and total length of new roots of was significantly increased by 12.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Gene Family in and Functional Characterization of in Salt Tolerance.

The Rare Cold-Inducible 2 () gene encodes a conserved hydrophobic peptide that plays a crucial role in ion homeostasis, membrane stability, and responses to abiotic stress. In this study, six members of the gene family were identified in L., all of which contain highly conserved PMP domains.

Effect of an Aerobic Exercise Programme on Bone Density in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Prostate cancer is a remarkable health concern in men, particularly in middle-aged and elderly men, with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) being a common treatment approach for this malignancy. However, ADT is associated with adverse effects on bone health, including accelerated bone loss and decreased bone mineral density, leading to increased fracture risk. As a result, exploring interventions to mitigate ADT-induced bone loss is needed.

Sonodynamic Therapy Induces Pyroptosis and Recruits CAR-NK Cells to Enhance the Treatment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Immunotherapy strategies have demonstrated promising efficacy in treating various cancers. However, cancer cells often evade immune surveillance by reducing their immunogenicity, which limits immune cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. Pyroptosis, a proinflammatory form of programmed cell death, is characterized by the formation of plasma membrane pores that lead to the release of intracellular contents and stimulate a robust immune response.