Haplotype-resolved genome and multi-omics landscape reveal an epigenetic regulation of citric acid accumulation in lemon.

Lemon (Citrus limon L.), an economically important Citrus species, produces high levels of citric acid. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying citric acid accumulation in lemon fruit are poorly understood.

Dual-confined carbon dots in BO for orange-yellow room-temperature phosphorescence.

Room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) carbon dot (CDs) materials have attracted significant interest due to their excellent biocompatibility, large Stokes shift, and potential for anti-counterfeiting applications. However, the preparation of long-wavelength-emitting phosphorescent materials based on CDs remains a challenge, as most RTP CDs exhibit blue and green emissions. Here, we designed a double confinement strategy to obtain orange-yellow RTP CDs composites (CDs@BO) vis hydrothermal treatment and calcination.

NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Liver Disorders: From Molecular Pathways to Therapeutic Strategies.

The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a cytosolic multi-protein complex, detects danger signals released by injured cells and pathogens. It plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various acute and chronic liver diseases. NLRP3 activation triggers caspase-1-mediated processing and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18.

Molecular and structural analysis of a novel vitellogenin protein (SpVTG3) and its roles in the embryonic development of mud crab Scylla paramamosain.

Vitellogenins (VTGs), being lipoproteins with high molecular weight, are the primary nutrient source for the embryonic development, and they are synthesized and accumulated massively in eggs during vitellogenesis. In this study, a novel vtg gene, Spvtg3, was discovered from our embryo transcriptome data of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). This gene encodes a 2304-amino-acid protein featuring conserved vitellogenin domains (LPD_N, DUF1943, and VWD) and has a predicted molecular weight of 281.

Rubia cordifolia L. extract ameliorates vitiligo by inhibiting the CXCL10/CXCL9/STAT1 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rubia cordifolia L. (RCL) is a traditional herbal medicine with a long history of use. It has been employed to treat conditions such as abnormal uterine bleeding, primary dysmenorrhea, allergic purpura, eczema, and psoriasis.

Genome-based screening and immunogenicity evaluation of outer membrane protein antigens for Vibrio harveyi subunit vaccine in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus).

Vibrio harveyi, a major aquatic pathogen prevalent in tropical and subtropical waters, causes substantial economic losses in global mariculture. This study focused on developing subunit vaccines targeting the outer membrane proteins of a new highly virulent strain of V. harveyi, which are recognized as key protective antigens.

Genome-wide identification of heat shock protein 90 family in Larimichthys crocea and expression analysis in response to thermal stress and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection.

Members of the heat shock protein 90 family (HSP90s) are evolutionarily conserved and play crucial roles in protein transport, immune regulation and antigen presentation. In this study, five hsp90s were identified from the genome of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and analyzed using bioinformatics. All five identified hsp90s encode proteins with HATPase_c and HSP90 domains, and are mainly localized in the cytoplasm, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.

Genome-wide identification and expression profiles of NAC transcription factors in Poncirus trifoliata reveal their potential roles in cold tolerance.

Background: Citrus, a globally vital economic crop, faces severe challenges due to extreme climatic conditions and diseases/pests attack. Poncirus trifoliata is closely related to citrus and shows unique cold tolerance, making it a crucial material for unraveling genes involved in cold tolerance. NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) transcription factors play important roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses.

Screening and preliminary analysis of antimicrobial peptide genes in Octopussinensis.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small molecular peptides that widely exist in organisms to resist external microbial invasion and play a crucial role in the host's immune defense system. Owing to their functions of efficient broad-spectrum killing of pathogenic microorganisms, immune enhancement, and intestinal health improvement, they have emerged as a focal point in research on the immune defense of aquatic animals in recent years. In this study, a total of 105 putative AMP-derived genes from the genome were screened, and seven candidate AMPs were finally identified by analyzing the differential expression results of the hepatopancreas and the white body transcriptomes combined with machine learning algorithms.

WRKY27- module of Ichang papeda () promotes cold tolerance by modulating spermidine content.

Spermidine (Spd) is one of the predominant polyamines in higher plants and plays a crucial role in combating various abiotic stresses. However, the molecular functions and underlying regulatory mechanisms associated with plant Spd synthase (SPDS) genes in cold tolerance remain poorly understood. In this study, cold treatment markedly induced Spd accumulation and enhanced SPDS activity in Ichang papeda (), a cold-hardy plant in genus.

TCT-Mediated and Water-Controlled Synthesis of Benzofuran-3(2)-ones Bearing a Quaternary Carbon Center via a Radical Process Using Dimethyl Sulfoxide as a Dual Synthon.

An efficient and attractive method for the synthesis of valuable benzofuran-3(2)-one derivatives bearing a quaternary center in one step by employing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a dual synthon under metal-free conditions has been developed. In this reaction, DMSO activated by cyanuric chloride (TCT) provides two different units (CH and SMe) in the target molecules, and the construction of the quaternary carbon center in the benzofuran-3(2)-ones can be controlled by the addition of water. Furthermore, the functional group compatibility and synthetic value were demonstrated by scope evaluation and gram-scale experiments.

Sustainable synthesis of quinolines and pyrroles enabled by chromium-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling using a bipyridine ligand.

A straightforward and atom-economical method for the synthesis of quinolines and pyrroles has been reported. Using Earth-abundant, commercially available CrCl salt as a catalyst and the inexpensive, bench-stable 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-dipyridyl as a ligand, this chromium-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling provides important heterocycles, quinolines and pyrroles, in synthetically useful yields with good functional group tolerance, releasing water and hydrogen gas as by-products. Notably, the described protocol was also found to be applicable to the sustainable synthesis of highly substituted fused polycyclic quinolines and pyrroles.

Aptamer-based biosensors for wastewater surveillance of influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2, and norovirus: A comprehensive review.

Wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) surveillance has emerged as a crucial tool for monitoring infectious diseases within communities. However, its broader application is frequently constrained by the high costs, labor-intensive processes, and extended timeframes required for sample collection, transportation, and processing. Aptamer-based biosensors offer a promising alternative, leveraging the specific binding properties of aptamers to biomolecules for the on-site and rapid quantification of disease biomarkers in wastewater.

Significance of left ventricular strain in cardiac magnetic resonance for short-term prognosis in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: The survival rate of pediatric leukemia patients has remarkably increased. Early identification of cardiotoxicity associated with chemotherapy and the detection of prognostic factors are essential for effective patient management.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of parameters assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Investigations into Replacing Calcined Clay with Sewage Sludge Ash in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3).

The effects of replacing calcined clay with sewage sludge ash (SSA) treated under room temperature and high temperature ranging from 500 °C to 900 °C in limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) have been investigated in this paper. The optimal calcination temperature for SSA was found to be 800 °C based on the results of strength and microstructure observations. The main inorganic components of sludge ash are FeO, SiO, AlO, and CaO, which are very similar to the components of calcined clay in LC3, but with a very high content of FeO (55-61%) and PO (9-10%).

Multiomics combined analysis reveals protective effect of 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside on autoimmune hepatitis.

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) seriously endangers human health. Therefore, it is urgent to find new therapeutic drugs and targets for AIH. In this context, 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (KGR), a flavonoid compound found in Embelia laeta (L.

The influence of perceived landscape value on tourists' behavioral intentions in historical and cultural blocks.

Historic cultural blocks are areas where a city's material cultural heritage and humanistic characteristics converge, showcasing the city's unique features and preserving rich and complete urban memories. Research on historic blocks primarily involves strategies related to protection, renewal, planning, and enhancement. However, there is a paucity of studies that explore the relationship between landscape value perception and tourist behavioral intentions from the perspective of recreation participants during the development and renewal of historic cultural blocks.

State-space modelling using wastewater virus and epidemiological data to estimate reported COVID-19 cases and the potential infection numbers.

The current situation of COVID-19 measures makes it difficult to accurately assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 due to a decrease in reporting rates, leading to missed initial transmission events and subsequent outbreaks. There is growing recognition that wastewater virus data assist in estimating potential infections, including asymptomatic and unreported infections. Understanding the COVID-19 situation hidden behind the reported cases is critical for decision-making when choosing appropriate social intervention measures.

FADD cooperates with Caspase-8 to positively regulate the innate immune response and promote apoptosis following bacterial infection in Japanese eel.

Fas-associated protein with Death Domain (FADD) is a crucial signaling component of apoptosis and a vital immunomodulator on inflammatory signaling pathways. However, information on FADD-mediated apoptosis and immune regulation is limited in teleost. We herein cloned a FADD homolog, AjFADD, from Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica).

Evaluating the ability of large language models to emulate personality.

For social sciences, recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize the study of human behaviors by facilitating the creation of realistic agents characterized by a diverse range of individual differences. This research presents novel simulation studies assessing GPT-4's ability to role-play real-world individuals with diverse big five personality profiles. In simulation 1, emulated personality responses exhibited superior internal consistency, but also a more distinct and structured factor organization compared to the human counterparts they were based on.

Breaking the Spin-Forbidden Restriction to Achieve Long Lifetime Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Carbon Dots.

Room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) carbon dots (CDs) demonstrate significant potential applications in the field of information anticounterfeiting due to their excellent optical properties. However, RTP emission of CDs remains significantly limited due to the spin-forbidden properties of triplet exciton transitions. In this work, an in situ nitrogen doping strategy was employed to design and construct strong spin-orbit coupling nitrogen-doped CDs with mesoporous silica with alumina (N-CDs@MS@AlO) RTP composites.

The transcription factor TGA2 orchestrates salicylic acid signal to regulate cold-induced proline accumulation in Citrus.

Plants subjected to cold stress have been observed to accumulate proline, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified a pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS)-encoding gene (CtrP5CS1) from trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata L.), a cold-hardy citrus species, as a critical gene for cold-induced proline accumulation.

The Masculinizing gene is a candidate male pathway developmental factor in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain.

The Masculinizer (Masc) gene plays a crucial role in masculinization during insect embryonic gonadal development. Nevertheless, the Masc expression pattern and function in crabs remain largely unknown. In the present study, we screened and validated the Masc gene from transcriptome data of mud crab S.