Inherited itinerant ferromagnetism on the polar surface in Na-intercalated antiferromagnet NaCrTe2.

Manipulating magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials arouses considerable and ongoing interest in fundamental physics and potential applications in next-generation spintronics. Here, we have investigated the underlying electronic structures of bulk vdW magnets CrTe2 and NaCrTe2, by carrying out high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies and first-principles calculations. In CrTe2, strong out-of-plane band dispersions and metallic Fermi surface are observed, accompanied by temperature-dependent ferromagnetic (FM) energy gain behavior which directly confirms its itinerant origin.

[4'-O-methylbavachalcone improves vascular cognitive impairment by inhibiting neuroinflammation via EPO/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway].

This study aims to explore the effects and mechanisms of 4'-O-methylbavachalcone(MeBavaC), an active compound from Psoraleae Fructus, in regulating white matter neuroinflammation to improve vascular cognitive impairment. Male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, model group, high-dose MeBavaC group(14 mg·kg~(-1)), and low-dose MeBavaC group(7 mg·kg~(-1)). The rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH) was established using bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.

A generalized method for refining and selecting random crystal structures using graph theory.

Random generation of crystal structures is a key to the success of predicting unknown crystals. In this work, we introduce a general method for refining and selecting random structures that relies on minimal prior information. The method establishes a quotient graph from the random structure using a near-neighbor finding algorithm, which subsequently guides the refinement of the initial structure.

Comprehensive analysis of the sucrose nonfermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 gene family in broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) under abiotic stress conditions.

Background: Sucrose nonfermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) proteins constitute a family of plant-specific serine/threonine kinases that play critical roles in mediating abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and responses to abiotic stresses, including drought and salinity. Nevertheless, systematic bioinformatics analysis and expression profiling of the SnRK2 gene family in broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) have not yet been reported.

Multitechnique characterization of eco-corona formation on airborne nanoplastics.

The increasing presence of micro- and nanoplastics in natural environments raises concerns about their interactions with biological particles such as pollen, that may act as carriers but could also undergo subtle chemical or structural changes, potentially influencing their ecological role. At the same time, the analytical and technological approaches used to investigate nanoplastic pollution mechanism can themselves raise concerns regarding their greenness. In this interdisciplinary study, we explored the interactions between multifloral bee pollen and polyethylene terephthalate nanoparticles (NanoPET) under environmentally relevant conditions using a multimodal analytical strategy combining AF4 (Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation) multidetection, Pyrolysis-GC-MS (py-GC-MS), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and dielectrophoresis-Raman spectroscopy (DEP-Raman).

Discovery of an allosteric 14-3-3 inhibitor for suppressing NRF2-driven cancer phenotypic screening and chemoproteomic-based target deconvolution.

The NRF2 transcription factor is constitutively active in various cancers, functioning as an oncogenic driver for tumor progression and chemo/radiotherapy resistance. Despite the well-documented role of NRF2 overactivation in cancer, no targeted therapy is currently available. In this study, using a combination of phenotypic screening, chemoproteomics, and biochemical and cellular assays, we identified WS3 as a potent allosteric inhibitor of 14-3-3 that selectively inhibits NRF2 activity in tumor cells.

Development of Palatable Amorphous Trazodone Hydrochloride Formulations via Ion Exchange.

The oral route is the most widely used method of administration. However, the bitter taste of drugs is a prevalent issue compromising patient acceptance. This study aimed to develop a palatable amorphous trazodone hydrochloride (TRA) formulation via ion exchange with Amberlite IRP88 resin as the carrier.

Evaluating corneal cross-linking using Stress-Strain Index maps: a finite element study.

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal ectasia leading to visual impairment if untreated. Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) is an effective treatment to halt KC progression by strengthening corneal biomechanics. However, current CXL treatments lack customization based on regional corneal stiffness, which is crucial for optimal outcomes.

Discovery of Phosphorylated Peptidomimetics Targeting Cbl-b SH2 Domain as Orthosteric Cbl-b Inhibitors by an Optimized Fluorescence Polarization Competition Assay.

Casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b (Cbl-b), a pivotal negative regulator of TCR signaling, is highly expressed in immune cells. Its inhibition potentiates immune-mediated antitumor effects. Herein, we constructed a potent fluorescent tracer, , based on the Cbl-b peptide inhibitor Utilizing this tracer, we established a fluorescence polarization (FP) assay with enhanced sensitivity, discriminative capacity, and precision for the activity evaluation and high-throughput screening of orthosteric Cbl-b Src homology 2 (SH2) domain inhibitors.

CT-based auto-segmentation of multiple target volumes for all-in-one radiotherapy in rectal cancer patients.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical feasibility and performance of CT-based auto-segmentation models integrated into an All-in-One radiotherapy workflow for rectal cancer.

Methods: This study included 312 rectal cancer patients, with 272 used to train three nnU-Net models for CTV45, CTV50, and GTV segmentation, and 40 for evaluation across one internal ( = 10), one clinical AIO ( = 10), and two external cohorts ( = 10 each). Segmentation accuracy (DSC, HD, HD95, ASSD, ASD) and time efficiency were assessed.

Characterization of the Degradation and Nitrogenous Disinfection Byproduct Formation of Nitrogen-Containing Benzoheterocyclic Compounds during the UV-LED (275 nm)/Chlorine Process: Roles of Reactive Species and Pathway of Dichloroacetonitrile Formation.

Nitrogen-containing benzoheterocyclic compounds (NBHCs) are important precursors of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs). The degradation of three NBHCs with different nitrogen atoms, benzotriazole (BTA), indazole (IDZ), and indole (IDO), and N-DBP formation during the ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED)/chlorine process deserve to be investigated. The extremely rapid IDO degradation was attributed to a fast electrophilic substitution of chlorine at the 3-position of the IDO molecule.

Comparative safety and efficacy of single-agent chemotherapy combined with microwave ablation versus radioactive seed brachytherapy in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC: a ten-year retrospective study.

Elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often have limited tolerance for standard therapies and experience reduced efficacy with lower-intensity treatments. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of single-agent chemotherapy combined with either microwave ablation (MWA) or radioactive iodine-125 seed ablation brachytherapy (RSABT) as first-line treatments, aiming to establish personalized, high-efficacy, and low-toxicity options for this vulnerable population. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 128 untreated elderly patients with advanced NSCLC from November 2013 to November 2023.

Optical amplification covering the entire S-band in Tm/Er co-doped fluorotellurite fibers.

We demonstrated optical amplification covering the entire S-band in Tm/Er co-doped fluorotellurite fibers by using a 1410 nm fiber laser as the pump source. Tm/Er co-doped fluorotellurite fibers were fabricated by using a rod-in-tube method. A 10 dB gain bandwidth of ∼87 nm (1455-1542 nm) and a maximum gain of ∼ 21.

Efficacy and Safety of Simultaneous Integrated Boost Followed by Selective Sequential Boost Radiotherapy for Spinal Metastases: A Single-Arm Retrospective Study.

ObjectiveThis study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) followed by selective sequential boost radiotherapy (RT) in patients with spinal metastases (SM) and explored the protocol's potential for dosimetric optimization.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 34 consecutive patients with SM underwent SIB followed by selective sequential boost RT at Peking University Third Hospital between July 2021 and December 2024. Prescribed doses were 30 Gy in 10 fractions to the planning target volume (PTV), with dose escalation to the boost planning target volume (PTV_boost) of either 40 Gy in 10 fractions or 48 Gy in 12 fractions.

Resveratrol alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through blocking the excessive autophagy/mitophagy via SIRT1/PGC-1α and TNF/NF-κB/JNK pathways.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a hypoxic respiratory insufficiency disease characterized by oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and autophagic cell death. Resveratrol (Res) modulates the autophagy activation and excessive autophagy inhibition to counteract oxidative stress, yet the latter mechanism has been vague. Herein, effects and regulatory mechanisms of Res on lung injury, inflammation, and autophagy/mitophagy were explored in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rats and RAW264.

Pre-Freezing-Assisted Wet Annealing Yields Mechanically Robust Hydrogels with Tunable Water Content.

Simultaneously enhancing hydrogels' strength, stretchability, toughness, fatigue resistance, and tunable water content remains a challenge. Here, a universal "pre-freezing-assisted wet-annealing" strategy addresses these issues in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels. This dual-phase process enables controlled phase separation during prefreezing (promoting gelation from low-concentration polymer solutions for a high water content) and thermally driven polymer conformational rearrangement during wet-annealing (facilitating network densification, chain entanglement, and crystallite formation).

Nucleophilic Ring-Opening of -Benzoylaziridine Combined with Spirolactamization of Rhodol Enables Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging of Hydropersulfides in .

Hydropersulfides (RSSH) are an important class of reactive sulfur species (RSS) involved in a variety of physiological processes in biological systems. However, selective detection of RSSH is challenging since the persulfide group (-SSH) exhibits reactivity akin to biologically abundant biothiols. To address this issue, we designed as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for RSSH by integrating the nucleophilic ring-opening of an -benzoylaziridine and spirolactamization of a rhodol.

COPB2 facilitates EDEM3-mediated mannose trimming to sustain ER homeostasis in ovarian cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a lethal gynecologic malignancy with limited therapeutic success due to late diagnosis and therapy resistance. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ER-associated degradation (ERAD) are key to tumor adaptation, yet the mechanisms sustaining ER homeostasis in OC remain poorly defined.

Methods: We combined multi-omics analyses, tissue microarrays, and in vitro and in vivo models.

Albumin: a novel biomarker for predicting intraoperative hypothermia in HSCR.

Background: Intraoperative hypothermia is a significant life-threatening emergency during surgery in patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR). The aim of this study is to explore the risk factors and predictors of intraoperative hypothermia in HSCR patients.

Methods: This cohort comprised 85 patients with HSCR who underwent surgery at Quanzhou Children's Hospital and the patients were divided into the intraoperative non-hypothermia group and the intraoperative hypothermia group.

Engineering Intermolecular Packing Mode of Oxygen-Bridged Cyclized Boron-Based MR-TADF Emitters Enables High-Efficiency Deep-Blue Narrowband OLEDs.

The development of high-efficiency and low-cost multi resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters especially in the deep-blue region is critically limited due to intrinsic excimer quenching of planar π-extended frameworks. Herein, a novel design strategy is reported for realizing high-efficiency oxygen-bridged cyclized boron-based MR-TADF emitters via engineering intermolecular packing mode. Three organic donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules with different molecular configurations are designed and synthesized, which can readily form modulated packing patterns with fastidiously regulating intermolecular charge transfer (CT) in crystalline states.

A light-controlled dextran nano-immunomodulator amplifies immunogenic cell death for cancer immunotherapy.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a programmed modality of regulated cell death that induces strong adaptive immune responses, which is severely related to the drug release kinetics of nanotherapeutics. Here, we report a light-controlled polysaccharide nano-immunomodulator (Dex-NB-CPT) with enhanced ICD induction for cancer immunotherapy. Dex-NB-CPT does not self-assemble into nanoparticles as a single-molecular micelle, and releases ICD inducer camptothecin (CPT) rapidly via a photocleavable linker under light illumination, avoiding the hindrance of nanoparticle disassembly and physical encapsulation to realize efficient drug release.

Miniature enOsCas12f1 Enables Targeted Genome Editing in Rice.

The type V CRISPR/Cas12f system, with its broad PAM recognition range, small size, and ease of delivery, has significantly contributed to the gene editing toolbox. In this study, enOsCas12f1 activity was detected during transient expression in rice protoplasts. The results showed that enOsCas12f1 exhibited DNA cleavage activity when it recognized TTN PAMs.

Characterization, Genomic Analysis and Application of Five Lytic Phages Against Carbapenem-Resistant .

The high pathogenicity rate of carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) has resulted in substantial economic losses for humans and the breeding industry. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop new alternatives to mitigate antibiotic use. Phage therapy has demonstrated promising results in numerous studies.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Gene Family and Its Expression in Seed Aging Process of Wheat.

Cryptochromes (CRYs), as essential blue-light photoreceptors, play pivotal roles in modulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. Although -mediated light signaling has been extensively studied in model species, their functions remain limited in wheat. In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the gene family was performed in wheat, identifying 12 members localized to distinct chromosomes 2, 6, and 7.

Comparative Transcriptome and Hormonal Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms of Salt Tolerance in Rice.

Salt stress is a major constraint to seed germination and early seedling growth in rice, affecting crop establishment and productivity. To understand the mechanisms underlying salt tolerance, we investigated two rice varieties with contrasting responses as follows: salt-tolerant sea rice 86 (SR86) and salt-sensitive P559. Germination assays under increasing NaCl concentrations (50-300 mM) revealed that 100 mM NaCl induced clear phenotypic divergence.