Haemodynamic characteristics of thin-walled regions in intracranial aneurysms: intraoperative imaging and CFD analysis.

Background: Identifying haemodynamic factors associated with thin-walled regions (TWRs) of intracranial aneurysms is critical for improving pre-surgical rupture risk assessment. Intraoperatively, these regions are visually distinguished by a red, translucent appearance and are considered highly rupture prone. However, current imaging modalities lack the resolution to detect such vulnerable areas preoperatively.

Enhancing the performance of paper via enzyme-modified starch surface sizing and selection of optimal enzyme system.

The application of enzyme-modified starch in surface sizing provides an effective strategy to improve paper performance. However, the effects of different enzyme-treated starch-based sizing agents on various paper properties have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, tapioca starch was modified using various enzymes (i.

Fe-modified biochar-driven ROS generation in the rhizosphere and their role in microplastic transformation.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical mediators of soil biogeochemical processes. While the production of ROS with biochar (BC) in the rhizosphere has not been explored. We demonstrate that BC and Fe-modified biochar (FeBC), prepared at 400°C and 600°C, influence ROS generation in paddy soil containing biodegradable (polybutylene succinate: PBS) and conventional (polystyrene) microplastics (MPs).

Association between somatic symptoms and depression and anxiety in adolescents: a cross-sectional school-based study.

Objectives: To explore the associations between somatic symptoms, depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents in non-clinical settings.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: The questionnaire was distributed among Chinese students in Grades 10-11 from four vocational high schools (two in Anhui Province and two in Sichuan Province).

The mediating role of maternal inflammation on associations between first-trimester plasticizer exposure and personal-social and language in infants.

Background: Maternal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) or phthalates (PAEs) increases inflammation and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. However, limited epidemiological studies have examined the neurodevelopmental effects of co-exposure to them during the first trimester on offspring and their inflammatory mechanism. This study investigates how maternal inflammation mediates the relationship between first-trimester co-exposure to BPA and PAEs and infant neurodevelopment.

Transition Metal-Free γ-C(sp)-H Functionalization of Enaminones for Methylene 1,2-Dihydropyridine Synthesis and Application in Fused Tricyclic Pyrido[1,2-]indole Construction.

The annulation reaction of β-methyl enaminones with alkynones leading to the synthesis of methylene-functionalized 1,2-dihydropyridines (1,2-DHPs) has been realized. In the presence of only CsCO, 1,2-DHPs have been synthesized with a broad scope and generally high efficiency via the novel transformation of the γ-C(sp)-H bond in enaminones. In addition, the application of the method has been demonstrated by the one-step transformation of the 1,2-DHP products into fused tricyclic scaffolds featuring an indole-pyridine hybrid via dual C-H activation.

A generalized method for refining and selecting random crystal structures using graph theory.

Random generation of crystal structures is a key to the success of predicting unknown crystals. In this work, we introduce a general method for refining and selecting random structures that relies on minimal prior information. The method establishes a quotient graph from the random structure using a near-neighbor finding algorithm, which subsequently guides the refinement of the initial structure.

Hydrothermal characteristics of carboxymethyl cellulose-induced soil film in farmland.

The Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area is located in a temperate arid zone, where the development of double-cropping systems is strongly restricted by high evaporation. The application of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can induce the binding of surface soil particles to form a soil film, achieve a mulching effect, and improve soil hydrothermal conditions. To elucidate the hydrothermal characteristics of soil film in farmland, we conducted an experiment with the treatments including ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH) application rates of 0 (CK, control), 50 (T), 100 (T), 200 (T), and 300 kg·hm(T) to induce soil film formation, and analyzed their effects on soil temperature at 20 cm depth, soil water content, and crop yield in a spring wheat-summer maize rotation system.

Analysis of sagittal alignment changes in the spine-pelvis joint in sitting and standing positions after long- or short-segment fixation to the pelvis for lumbar degenerative diseases.

Background: The spine, pelvis, and joints maintain sagittal balance, which is often disrupted in lumbar degenerative diseases. While preoperative changes in sagittal alignment are well studied, postoperative adaptations, particularly following spinal fixation extending to the pelvis, are less understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine sagittal changes in the spine, pelvis, and joints in sitting and standing positions after short- or long-segment posterior spinal fixation extending to the pelvis.

Effect of bispectral index-guided anaesthesia versus standard practice on recovery after general anaesthesia in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Accurate assessment of anaesthesia depth in children is essential for individualised anaesthetic monitoring and remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The bispectral index (BIS), a widely used clinical tool for monitoring anaesthesia depth, has been subject to controversy regarding its effectiveness in improving recovery quality in children after anaesthesia. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the impact of BIS-guided anaesthesia versus traditional anaesthesia depth monitoring on postoperative recovery quality in children undergoing general anaesthesia.

Research progress of contact-electro-catalysis in the remediation of emerging pollutants: exploration from mechanism to application.

Contact-electro-catalysis (CEC) technology, recognized as an innovative catalytic approach, has attracted significant interest due to its unique reaction mechanisms and broad application potential in environmental pollution control. This technology enables efficient degradation of diverse organic pollutants, including antibiotics, dyes, and perfluorinated compounds, by converting mechanical energy into chemical energy and facilitating electron transfer at solid-liquid or liquid-liquid interfaces. Its attributes of simplicity, low energy consumption, and high efficiency underscore its promise for pollution management.

Robust Permutation Test of Intraclass Correlation Coefficient for Assessing Agreement.

Inter-rater reliability is critical in oncology to ensure consistent and reliable measurements across raters and methods, such as when evaluating biomarker levels in different laboratories or comparing tumor size assessments by radiation oncologists during therapy planning. This consistency is essential for informed decision-making in both clinical and research contexts, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is a widely recommended statistic for assessing agreement. This work focuses on hypothesis testing of the ICC(2,1) with two raters.

Influence of Hip Prosthesis Position on Postoperative Gait After Primary THA in Patients With Unilateral Femoral Head Necrosis.

To investigate the effect of hip component position on gait after primary THA in patients with unilateral femoral head necrosis. A total of 40 patients underwent primary THA due to unilateral femoral head osteonecrosis were enrolled in this study. The gait data and CT images of the hip and knee joints were obtained before and 3 months after operation.

Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Establishment of 3D-QSAR Model of Heterocyclic Substituted Diaminothiourea Derivatives.

Five 1-heterocyclic substituted diaminothiourea compounds (1a-e) were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) (ESI). Compound 1d with the highest antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum (EC = 25.791 mg/L) was reacted with substituted 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde to obtain seven 1,5-heterocyclic substituted diaminothiourea compounds (2a-g).

Treponema pallidum inhibits CD4+ T-cell proliferation through METAP2: insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.

Neurosyphilis (NS) is a chronic central nervous system infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Owing to its diverse clinical manifestations and the limited sensitivity of current diagnostic methods, NS is difficult to diagnose. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of NS and identifying reliable biomarkers are essential for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Adaptive robust control of tea-picking-manipulator's position tracking based on dead zone compensation with modified RBF.

Neural Network has been used in approximation of dead zone nonlinearity when modeling the manipulator control systems. However the existed method fail to minimize the possible input saturation effect and the NN mapping accuracy also be degraded, which leads to degrading in tracking precise and accuracy. To establish an accurate control model of the tea picking robot, an adaptive compensator of m-RBF (modified radial basis function neural network) and adaptive law were designed aimed at the nonlinearity units and dead zone.

ROS-induced allosteric regulation of NikR coordinates HP0910-mediated OMP2 methylation to modulate H. pylori biofilm dynamics and therapeutic targeting.

Biofilm formation represents a critical survival strategy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), facilitating antibiotic resistance and chronic colonization. In this study, we demonstrate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) released by macrophages enhance H.

Unveiling the Anti-aging Activities and Mechanism of Melibiose: Insights from Metabolomics and RT-qPCR Analyses.

In this study, the anti-aging potential of melibiose was examined, and its molecular mechanism was elucidated using as a model organism. The findings demonstrated that melibiose at concentrations of 100 μM, 150 μM, and 200 μM significantly increased nematode lifespan by 15.38%, 23.

Global, regional, and national burden and trends of eating disorders among women of childbearing age from 1990 to 2021: Insights from the global burden of disease study 2021.

Objective: Eating disorders (ED) pose a significant global health challenge for women of childbearing age (WCBA). This study aims to systematically evaluate the global disease burden and temporal trends of eating disorders in this vulnerable population.

Methods: This study utilized Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) data to assess the burden and trends in prevalence, incidence, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) rates of eating disorders, estimating percentage changes and annual percentage changes (EAPC).

Remediation effects of straw combined with microbial agents on cinnamon soils with varying degradation based on metagenomics and untargeted metabolome.

Microbial agents show potential for improving soil quality and crop yield. However, in the context of different soil degraded degrees, the effects of straw combined with microbial agents on soil microbial communities and their associated metabolic processes remain insufficiently explored. Here, we conducted pot experiments using cinnamon soils at three degradation levels (highly, moderately, and non-degraded), applying straw alone or straw combined with microbial agents during alfalfa cultivation.

Simultaneous regulation of both lignin and cellulose biosynthesis modifies xylem fiber properties in .

Introduction: Wood is primarily made up of secondary xylem cell walls, with lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose as the main chemical components. The presence of lignin represents recalcitrance to wood pulping and biofuel conversion. Consequently, reducing lignin content is a key approach to improving wood properties and optimizing its processing.

The Outer Membrane Protein Tp92 of Induces BeWo Cells Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress via the Nrf2/keap1 Pathway.

can be transmitted from the mother to the newborn via the placenta. Pregnancy complications that can arise from this include congenital syphilis, stillbirth, miscarriage, preterm birth, and fetal growth limitation. Tp92 is a protein located in the outer membrane of and has a β-barrel structure.

Atomic Exploration of the Fluorination-Driven Structural Rearrangement of Carbon Electrocatalysts toward Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reactions.

The atom arrangement in carbon electrocatalysts is crucial for enhancing the intrinsic activity toward oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs), a key process in multiple renewable energy systems. However, the challenge of designing electrocatalysts with improved performance by manipulating atomic arrangement has been limited by synthetic constraints and a lack of understanding of the catalytic phase formation. Herein, we gain atomic-level insight into the origin of a highly active site by creating a model catalyst with a heteroatom-decorated carbon matrix of a specific configuration.

Umpolung C-N Bond Formation Enabled by Rhodium-Catalyzed Arylation of Sulfilimines with Arylboronic Acids.

A new type of umpolung C-N bond-forming approach enabled by Rh-catalyzed arylation of sulfilimines with arylboronic acids is reported, providing a versatile platform for the construction of various nitrogen-containing molecules. The key process is proposed to undergo 1,1-elimination at the sulfur atom triggered by the regioselective addition of an aryl-rhodium species to the S═N moiety creating a C-N bond to furnish an aminorhodium intermediate that is subsequently trapped by various electrophiles to give arylamines. This approach has also been extended to the three-component amination to furnish a diarylamine product via the creation of C-N-C bonds.

Adaptive Metaskins for Active and Passive Thermal Camouflage.

Dynamic thermal camouflage conceals objects from infrared detection by modulating surface emissivity to match the thermal signature of the background. However, existing emissivity modulation systems fail to perform effectively across both hot backgrounds, such as sun-heated buildings and roads, and cold backgrounds, such as open fields. Here, an adaptive metaskin capable of operating in either active (externally powered) or passive mode is demonstrated, enabling effective camouflage across diverse thermal environments.