Unveiling the Elaborated Metabolites and Metabolism of Carbofuran in Plants through Targeted and Nontargeted Screening Strategies.

Carbofuran is one of the most commonly used carbamate pesticides. A thorough carbofuran metabolism in plants can provide essential insights for agricultural use and human health. This study aimed to uncover its possible metabolites, metabolic pathways, and complete metabolic profile in plants.

Tumor-derived EBI3 promotes CD8+ T cell exhaustion via STAT4-IL-10/CCL5 in gastric cancer.

Combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy are effective against advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment may decrease the immune response and compromise the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Herein, we report the potential role of EBI3 in promoting T cell exhaustion and its mechanism in GC, showing high expression of EBI3 in GC.

Integrated multi-tissue transcriptomics reveals cross-tissue regulatory networks and hub genes regulating feed efficiency in aging chicken.

Given the critical impact of feed costs on poultry profitability, it is essential to improve feed efficiency through genetic selection. Although residual feed intake (RFI) serves as the gold-standard metric for feed efficiency assessment, its molecular regulation remains poorly understood. This study estimated the residual feed intake of laying hens from 70 to 100 weeks of age (E-RFI) and estimated the genetic parameters of key production traits (egg quality and feed efficiency) and lipid traits (triglycerides: TG; free fatty acids: FFA; cholesterol: TC).

The preparation of amphiphilic carbonaceous particle-derived membranes as a potent sterilant and anticoagulant.

: To synthesize and evaluate the function of antibacterial and anticoagulant properties of amphiphilic carbonaceous particle (ACP) derived polyurethane composite membranes TPU/ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag/ACPs-CS-Hep. : ACPs, ACPs-CS, ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag, ACPs-CS-Hep and ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag/ACPs-CS-Hep were prepared and mixed with a TPU matrix, to assess the dispersibility respectively. The blank TPU, TPU/ACPs, TPU/ACPs-CS, TPU/ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag, TPU/ACPs-CS-Hep and TPU/ACPs-CS-PVS-Ag/ACPs-CS-Hep membranes were prepared.

Causal structural covariance network identifies progressive gray matter atrophy in adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Background: Adolescence is a period marked by high vulnerability to onset of depression. Neuroimaging studies have revealed considerableatrophy of brain structure in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the causal structural networks underpinning gray matter atrophies in depressed adolescents remain unclear.

ROS-induced allosteric regulation of NikR coordinates HP0910-mediated OMP2 methylation to modulate H. pylori biofilm dynamics and therapeutic targeting.

Biofilm formation represents a critical survival strategy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), facilitating antibiotic resistance and chronic colonization. In this study, we demonstrate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) released by macrophages enhance H.

Warming of northern peatlands increases the global temperature overshoot challenge.

Meeting the Paris Agreement's temperature goals requires limiting future carbon emissions, yet current policies make temporarily overshooting the 1.5°C target likely. The potential climate feedback from destabilizing peatlands, storing large amounts of carbon, remains poorly quantified.

Design and synthesis of 3,4--Lupane triterpene derivatives: targeting tumor angiogenesis and inducing apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Due to the lack of effective treatment methods and targeted drugs, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not only difficult to treat clinically, but also has a poor prognosis for patients. This study aims to develop novel anti-TNBC drug candidates by designing 90 derivatives of 3,4--lupane triterpene derivatives, a natural product of the genus Eleutherogenus.

Methods: Firstly, 90 derivatives were synthesized and screened, and the compound I-27 showed excellent cytotoxicity (IC=1.

Frequency-comb-steered ultrawideband quasi-true-time-delay beamformer for integrated sensing and communication.

Ultrawideband beamforming is essential for next-generation radar and communication systems, however, the instantaneous bandwidth of phase-shifter-based phased array antennas (PAAs) is limited by beam squint. Photonic true-time-delay (TTD) beamformers offer a potential solution, yet their practical deployment is hindered by complex delay-line architectures. Here, we report a frequency-comb-steered photonic quasi-TTD beamforming approach that eliminates delay lines by leveraging frequency-diverse arrays and photonic microwave mixing arrays.

Involvement of mediodorsal thalamus and its related neural circuit in pain regulation in mice.

The mediodorsal thalamus (MD) constitutes an integral component of the medial nociceptive transmission system, although its precise role and related neural pathway in pain processing remains incompletely elucidated. While anatomical studies have confirm reciprocal projections between the MD and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the functional contribution of ACC-MD neural circuitry to nociceptive regulation has not yet been systematically investigated. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry, pharmacogenetic manipulations, and multidimensional behavioral assessments to investigate the role of the MD and ACC-MD pathway in pain modulation.

Longitudinal Associations Between Aggression and Depression Across Late-Childhood to Mid-Adolescence: A Test of Failure Pathways.

Objective: Aggression and depression are two intertwined major manifestations of psychosocial maladjustment among children and adolescents. The current study examined the temporal order of the intertwining of these two constructs across late childhood to middle adolescence, with focus of testing the failure model and acting out model by testing their mediating pathways.

Method: The sample was 2109 participants (1083 boys, 51.

Plants repress ROS1 expression to attenuate heat-induced transposon burst.

The active DNA demethylase Repressor of Silencing 1 (ROS1) regulates genomic DNA methylation patterns during plant development. ROS1 expression is promoted by DNA methylation within its promoter region. However, the mechanisms and biological significance of ROS1 regulation under abiotic stresses remain elusive.

Crystal facet engineering of {100}-dominant Co-impregnated cubic CeO₂ catalysts for enhanced peroxymonosulfate activation and bisphenol A degradation.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a persistent endocrine disruptor, poses critical water treatment challenges. In this study, cubic catalysts dominated by {100} crystal facets (i@Co@CeO CNs) were synthesized via crystal surface engineering combined with a cobalt (Co) impregnation strategy. This approach aimed to enhance activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of BPA by modulating the exposed crystal facets of cerium dioxide (CeO) carriers.

Comparison of responses to rapid changes in salinity between Hippocampus kuda and Oryzias melastigma.

In order to explore the similarities and differences of responses between Hippocampus kuda and Oryzias melastigma, this study analyzed and compared them from the aspects of growth, behavior, physiology, and gene expression. The results showed that H. kuda had a greater impact on its feeding behavior compared to O.

MYOD represses gene expression from non-E-box motifs.

We report here on the identification of a previously unrecognized property of MYOD as a repressor of gene expression via E-box-independent chromatin binding during the process of somatic cell -differentiation into skeletal muscle. When ectopically expressed in proliferating human fibroblasts or endogenously induced in activated muscle stem cells (MuSCs), MYOD was detected at accessible regulatory elements of expressed genes, invariably leading to reduced chromatin accessibility and gene repression. At variance with conventional E-box-driven increased chromatin accessibility and H3K27 acetylation at previously silent loci of MYOD-activated genes, MYOD-mediated chromatin compaction and repression of transcription was associated with high occurrence of non-E-box motifs and did not lead to reduced levels of H3K27ac but coincided with reduced levels of H4 acetyl-methyl lysine modification (Kacme).

A Multiple Integrated Social Stress Model for Psychiatric Disorders in Female C57BL/6J Mice.

Despite females accounting for the majority of individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders, preclinical studies have almost exclusively focused on male subjects, partly due to the lack of ideal female animal paradigms. Developing effective models for studying psychiatric disorders in female animals remains a long-standing scientific challenge in the life sciences. A "Multiple Integrated Social Stress (MISS) model" in C57BL/6J female mice was recently established by simulating and integrating social risk factors that contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders.

Association between serum homocysteine levels and advanced hepatic fibrosis in alcohol-related liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES.

Homocysteine (Hcy) can induce liver cell damage, but its relationship with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) has rarely been reported. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum Hcy levels and advanced hepatic fibrosis in patients with ALD. We included 10,033 participants from the 1999 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

A new pathway for lactulose synthesis by N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum.

The disaccharide lactulose is a beneficial compound used in both the pharmaceutical and functional food industries. Its chemical synthesis involves hazardous reaction conditions, and separating byproducts is challenging. Enzymatic catalysis is a novel strategy for lactulose synthesis.

Precise knock-in of stress-responsive cis-regulatory elements using gene targeting for improving abiotic stress tolerance in plants.

Plants are subjected to a multitude of biotic and abiotic stresses, which frequently impede growth and may result in economic losses. One of the primary objectives in plant breeding is the development of stress-tolerant varieties. The modification of protein-coding sequences through gene editing and transgenic methods is a widely utilized approach for enhancing stress tolerance in plants.

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 ameliorates corneal neovascularization by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the promotion of CBP-mediated S100A9 acetylation.

Corneal neovascularization (CoNV), a common pathological consequence of ocular diseases, leads to vision impairment worldwide. Current therapies have a variety of adverse effects. Our previous studies revealed that bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) attenuates inflammatory neovascularization.

DNMBP-AS1/hsa-miR-30a-5p/PGC1α axis suppresses tumor progression of colorectal cancer by inhibiting PKM2-mediated Warburg effect and enhance anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy.

The Warburg effect, which is aerobic glycolysis, constitutes a major driver of various cancer progression. Therefore, we aimed to examine the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC1α) and its competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in colorectal cancer (CRC) metabolic reprogramming. We used bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments and identified the DNMBP-AS1/hsa-miR-30a-5p/PGC1α ceRNA network.

The impact of long-term exercise intervention on heart rate variability indices: a systematic meta-analysis.

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a critical indicator for assessing autonomic nervous system (ANS) function and is closely associated with both cardiovascular and psychological health. Although previous studies have demonstrated that exercise interventions can improve HRV, their effects vary considerably depending on exercise type, intervention characteristics, and individual differences. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of long-term exercise interventions on HRV and to explore potential factors that influence these effects.

Macrophages Internalize Epithelial-Derived Extracellular Vesicles That Contain Ferritin via the Macrophage Scavenger Receptor 1 to Promote Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is on the rise, yet current clinical treatments are limited. Previous studies have identified impairments in both systemic and local iron metabolism in IBD patients. However, the impact of iron dyshomeostasis on the development and pathogenesis of IBD remains elusive.

Coumarins isolated from Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. and their anti-neuroinflammatory activity.

The aerial parts of Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. were subjected to aqueous extraction followed by systematic isolation and purification using sequential chromatographic techniques.

CD70 CAR-T cells empowered by TS-2021 through ex vivo transduction show potent antitumor efficacy against glioblastoma.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown limited efficacy in glioblastoma (GBM) due to tumor antigen heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. To address these barriers, we developed a novel combinatorial approach: engineering CAR-T cells with third-generation oncolytic adenoviruses (OAd) to enable targeted viral delivery and sustained immune activation. Unlike conventional OAd administration, this strategy leverages CAR-T cells as tumor-tropic vectors for localized oncolysis and cytokine modulation.