An environment-friendly strategy for direct characterization of polysaccharides in Auricularia auricula-judae by ATR-FTIR spectra and chemometrics.

The traditional polysaccharide component analysis often depends on utilization of chemical reagents, which pose potential threats to human health and environmental safety. The quantification analysis of Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharides (AAPs) faces prominent challenges, e.g.

Medium-entropy nanoenzyme with high oxidase-like activity for sensitive detection of interleukin-6 based on ELISA.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an acute phase response protein. Its level rapidly increases in infection, trauma, and acute inflammatory states. It usually appears earlier than other inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.

A Fluorinated Conjugated Polymer Allows for Enhanced NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy.

Precision cancer diagnosis is instrumental in optimizing photothermal anti-tumor therapy protocols. Powerful motivations have been expressed to construct conjugated polymers with near-infrared fluorescence and phototherapeutic behavior. However, it is a dilemma to simultaneously materialize a favorable fluorescence quantum yield (QY) and impressive photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) as determined by the contradictory photophysical processes.

Observation of many-body dynamical localization.

The quantum kicked rotor is a paradigmatic model system in quantum physics. As a driven quantum system, it features dynamical localization, specifically Anderson localization in momentum space. However, the interacting many-body kicked rotor is believed to break localization.

Mitochondrial Regulation of Spermatozoa Function: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Insights.

Mitochondria are central to energy production and redox regulation in spermatozoa, supporting key functions such as progressive motility, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction. These processes are essential for successful fertilization and embryo development. However, species-specific differences exist in the reliance on oxidative phosphorylation versus glycolysis.

Integrating WGCNA and machine learning to distinguish active pulmonary tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection based on neutrophil extracellular trap-related genes.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a major global public health challenge, with diagnostic delays being a key factor contributing to its high morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are closely associated with PTB pathogenesis. This study focuses on elucidating the role of NETs in PTB and identifying critical diagnostic methods and potential biomarkers.

RNA-seq reveals the critical role of the Glaesserella parasuis hfq gene in stress response and virulence.

Hfq protein is widely present in most bacteria and participates in regulating the expression of bacterial virulence factors in various gram-negative bacteria. Mutations in the hfq gene lead to decreased bacterial virulence in Glaesserella parasuis. However, the molecular mechanism between Hfq protein and bacterial virulence remains unknown.

Development of FGF21 Mutant with Potent Cardioprotective Effects in T2D Mice via FGFR1-AMPK-Mediated Inhibition of Oxidative Stress.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) may lead to heart failure and patient death. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a therapeutic candidate for treating this disease. However, one impediment to its clinical use is its weak ability to activate downstream signaling pathways.

[Changes in Ecosystem Services and Equity Identification in Nanchang Under the Influence of Construction Land Expansion].

The expansion of construction land and the changes in ecosystem services and their interactions are a major factors affecting urban development and ecological protection. Using spatial econometric models， this study explores the spatial interaction between the expansion of urban land for construction and ecosystem services and tests the existence of a correlation between the two. In this context， the study identifies and measures the levels of ecological equity and expansion efficiency for each township in the study area.

Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Serum Exosomal miRNA-223 and miRNA-132 in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has not yet been clarified and is closely related to persistent overactivation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. MicroRNA (miRNA)-223 (miR-223) and miRNA-132 (miR-132) might be involved in the development of JIA. However, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of JIA is unclear.

Do human individuals differ in their potential for lipophilic contaminant biomagnification?

Biomagnification is the process that leads to the chemical potential of organic contaminants in an organism exceeding that in its diet. Despite its obvious importance, studies on biomagnification in humans are rare, in particular those that seek to quantify and characterize interindividual differences in biomagnification potential. Applying a method based on equilibrium sampling and chemical analysis of paired dietary and fecal samples we determined the thermodynamic limit to biomagnification (BMF) as well as a feces-based biomagnification factor (BMF) for a selection of polychlorinated biphenyls in five human volunteers sharing the same diet over a period of five days.

The Impact of Social, Cultural, and Identity-Related Factors on Delayed Childbearing: A Multi-Center Study.

Background: Delayed childbearing has become an increasingly prevalent trend, influenced by various psychological and social factors. This study aimed to explore the impact of these factors on the timing of childbirth among women of reproductive age.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,128 women attending their first prenatal visit at six hospitals between January and December 2023.

Manipulating excited states of non-doped deep blue emitter by adjusting the intramolecular torsion angle.

The hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) state of emitters concomitantly features high exciton utilization characteristics. However, it remains challenging to simultaneously regulate the excited states and intermolecular packing of blue emitters for non-doped organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) applications. Based on the previously developed star blue emitter TPA-1PN by us, herein, we designed and synthesized an isomeric star-shaped blue emitter, namely TPA-4PN, through adjusting the dihedral torsion angles between the triphenylamine and phenanthrene fragments.

Prolonged Humid Heat Triggers Systemic Inflammation and Stress Signaling: Fluid Intake Modulates NF-κB, p38, JNK2, and STAT3α Pathways.

Prolonged exposure to extreme humid heat can induce systemic inflammation, organ stress, and hormonal imbalance. While fluid replacement is commonly recommended, its mechanistic efficacy under humid heat stress remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of fluid intake on thermoregulation, inflammation, organ function, and stress signaling during 8 h of humid heat exposure (ambient temperature: 40 °C, relative humidity: 55%) in 32 healthy young adults (20 males and 12 females).

Correction: On-surface synthesis of organometallic nanorings linked by unconventional intermediates of the Ullmann reaction.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D5SC01269D.].

Multiscale Microstructures and Carrier-Phonon Decoupling in BiCuSeO-CDs Composites.

Owing to the carrier-phonon coupling, the majority of thermoelectric materials such as BiCuSeO adopt the strategy of sacrificing carrier mobility and thermal properties to improve the electrical performance so as to enhance the value. In response, we innovatively introduce carbon dots (CDs) as a nanophase and efficiently synthesize BiCaPbCuSeO-CDs composites, attenuating the carrier-phonon coupling while realizing the structure optimization on the multiscale. The addition of CDs improves the electrical performance (PF = 883.

mpMRI-based habitat analysis for predicting prognoses in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a multicenter study.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)-based habitat analysis for predicting prognoses in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), and to develop combined models by integrating habitat analysis with clinical predictors.

Methods: This retrospective study included 503 HGSOC patients from four centers. A K-means algorithm was used to identify voxel clusters and generate habitats on mpMRI.

Ferroptosis: Therapeutic Potential and Strategies in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, the prognosis for NSCLC patients remains unfavorable. The effective treatment of NSCLC remains challenging due to its aggressive metastatic and invasive properties.

Association of Novel Mutations in the Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor-1 Gene with Egg Shell Thickness in Three Strains of Laying-Type Quail.

This study aimed to investigate the potential role of the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor-1 () gene polymorphisms and haplotypes in influencing egg production performance and egg quality parameters in laying-type quail. Genomic DNA was extracted from 150 quail across three strains: Chinese yellow (CY, = 50), Beijing white (BW, = 50), and Korean (KO, = 50). We designed two pairs of primers and initiated PCR amplification, after which the amplified products were sent to a testing company for purification.

Moiré cavity quantum electrodynamics.

Quantum emitters are a key component in photonic quantum technologies. Enhancing single-photon emission by engineering their photonic environment is essential for improving overall efficiency in quantum information processing. However, this enhancement is often limited by the need for ultraprecise emitter placement within conventional photonic cavities.

A multi-modal model integrating MRI habitat and clinicopathology to predict platinum sensitivity in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a diagnostic study.

Background: Platinum resistance of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cannot currently be recognized by specific molecular biomarkers. We aimed to compare the predictive capacity of various models integrating MRI habitat, whole slide images (WSIs), and clinical parameters to predict platinum sensitivity in HGSOC patients.

Methods: A retrospective study involving 998 eligible patients from four hospitals was conducted.

Genomic evolution reshapes cell-type diversification in the amniote brain.

Over 320 million years of evolution, amniotes have developed complex brains and cognition through largely unexplored genetic and gene expression mechanisms. We created a comprehensive single-cell atlas of over 1.3 million cells from the telencephalon and cerebellum of turtles, zebra finches, pigeons, mice, and macaques, employing single-cell resolution spatial transcriptomics to validate gene expression patterns across species.

On-surface synthesis of organometallic nanorings linked by unconventional intermediates of the Ullmann reaction.

Ullmann coupling has been one of the most important organic reactions for the formation of an aryl-aryl bond, which is of great significance in medicinal chemistry, natural product synthesis, and optoelectronic material fabrication. However, the associated reaction mechanism has not been determined with certainty and has mostly relied on theoretical calculations, since the identification of reaction intermediates lacked experimental evidence. Herein, we report the visualization of an unprecedented C-Cu-Br-Cu-C bonded intermediate state of Ullmann coupling by means of on-surface synthesis.