Regioselective C7 sulfinylation of 4-aminoindoles with sulfinates.

The regioselective C7-H sulfinylation of 4-aminoindoles was achieved by exploiting the -directing ability of the amino group. This transformation utilizes readily available sulfinates as versatile sulfinyl sources, allowing facile installation of structurally diverse sulfoxide motifs at the C7 position. In addition to aryl/alkyl sulfinates, trifluoromethyl sulfinate is also viable.

Bifunctional TiO@AgNP Superstructures as a SERS-Sensing Platform for Identifying Flavonoids in Chinese Herbal Medicine.

is an essential medicinal herb in traditional Chinese medicine, with its pharmacological properties largely attributed to bioactive flavonoids. The types and amounts of these flavonoids act as vital quality markers for both the raw materials and the resultant products. In this work, we introduce a TiO@AgNP nanocomposite designed as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor aimed at the preliminary quantification and identification of flavonoids.

Home-based enteral nutrition self-management challenges in young and middle-aged patients with Crohn's disease: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore the challenges faced by young and middle-aged patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in managing home enteral nutrition (HEN) and to identify strategies to improve their self-management and treatment adherence.

Design: A qualitative phenomenological study.

Setting: The study was conducted at a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Jiangsu, China, with a focus on patients undergoing long-term HEN treatment for CD.

A phase 2 trial of CXCR4 antagonism and PD1 inhibition in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma reveals recruitment of T cells but also immunosuppressive macrophages.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by dense stroma and myeloid-rich microenvironment that confer resistance to immunotherapies. Previous studies demonstrated that disrupting the immune-stroma CXCR4-CXCL12 axis facilitates T cell recruitment and mobility to collaborate with anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy. We sought to test the clinical viability of this immunotherapeutic strategy.

Assessment of the imaging quality and heterogeneous predictive value of readout-segmented echo planar imaging for diffusion-weighted rectal MRI.

Objectives: To qualitatively and quantitatively compare the image quality of readout-segmented echo planar imaging (rs-EPI) and single-shot echo planar imaging (ss-EPI) for diffusion-weighted (DWI) rectal MRI, as well as the heterogeneous predictive value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained by the two DWI techniques.

Methods: The rs-EPI and ss-EPI images were subjectively assessed for lesion sharpness, display of normal structure, overall image quality, geometric distortion, and anatomical differences. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast ratio (CR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and ADC values were objectively compared.

Progression risk of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis based on SHAP-Explained machine learning models: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: To develop an interpretable machine learning model, explained using SHAP, based on imaging features of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis extracted by convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in order to predict the risk of curve progression and identify the most accurate predictive model.

Methods: This study included 233 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis from three medical centers. CNNs were used to extract features from full-spine coronal X-ray images taken at three follow-up points for each patient.

Bridging the gap: examining healthcare providers' beliefs and recommendations in cardiac rehabilitation and the determinants of their practices in China.

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) can improve the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Healthcare providers' recommendations play a key role in promoting patient participation in CR. This study aimed to assess healthcare professionals' beliefs of CR in China, explore the current status of CR recommendations to patients, and identify the factors influencing their recommendation behavior.

pH-Responsive Probiotic-Liposome Hybrid System Synergistically Treats Radiation-Induced Injury via Dual Mechanisms of Anti-Inflammatory and Microbiome Modulation.

Radiation-induced intestinal injury poses significant clinical challenges in radiotherapy. This study develops an oral pH-responsive probiotic-liposome hybrid system (EcN-L) by conjugating Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) with pinocembrin (PIN)-loaded liposomes (B-Lip-PIN) via biotin-streptavidin binding and encapsulating them in Eudragit L100-55 (L100-55). The system resists gastric acid, releases bacteria in intestinal pH conditions, and combines PIN's anti-inflammatory properties with EcN's probiotic effects.

Classification of carotid artery plaques: promising alternative methods to computed tomography angiography through radiomics approach using neck non-contrast computed tomography.

Background: Carotid artery plaques (CAPs) significantly contribute to stroke. Accurate plaque characterization is crucial for predicting stroke risk. This study explored the effectiveness of a non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT)-based radiomics model in identifying and classifying CAPs.

Medical versus Surgical Treatment in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Background: The management of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) primarily involves medical treatment and surgical intervention. However, current evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of surgical treatment remains controversial. Thus, we conducted a real-world investigation, aimed to explore the actual situation of spontaneous ICH patients receiving different treatment and compare the impact on the prognosis.

Green Synthesis of Sodium Alginate/Casein Gel Beads and Applications.

Green-synthesized gel materials can efficiently absorb and remove organic dyes from wastewater. This investigation designed and synthesized a novel modification method of sodium alginate gel beads based on the protein glycosylation reaction (Maillard reaction) using green chemistry principles. The prepared gel beads were subsequently applied to examine their efficacy in adsorbing the organic dye methylene blue.

Bayesian inference for Laplace distribution based on complete and censored samples with illustrations.

In this paper, Bayesian estimates are derived for the location and scale parameters of the Laplace distribution based on complete, Type-I, and Type-II censored samples under different prior settings. Subsequently, Bayesian point and interval estimates, as well as the associated statistical inference, are discussed in detail. The developed methods are then applied to two real data sets for illustrative purposes.

The positive impact of an internet-based post-diagnosis disease management model on patients undergoing opportunistic screening for upper gastrointestinal cancer: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aimed to establish a management pathway and evaluate the efficacy of an Internet-based post-diagnosis model for upper gastrointestinal cancer patients in improving compliance, self-management, disease control, and reducing readmission, recurrence, and healthcare resource utilization compared to traditional methods.

Methods: This study assembled a multidisciplinary team to establish a personalized management pathway. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 166 patients screened and biopsied at Lianyungang Hospital, who were randomly assigned to either an Internet-based intervention group or a traditional management group for a 6-month period.

Fast motion-compensated reconstruction for 4D-CBCT using deep learning-based groupwise registration.

. Previous work has that deep learning (DL)-enhanced 4D cone beam computed tomography (4D-CBCT) images improve motion modeling and subsequent motion-compensated (MoCo) reconstruction for 4D-CBCT. However, building the motion model at treatment time via conventional deformable image registration (DIR) methods is not temporally feasible.

Post stroke sexual dysfunction - a current review.

Introduction: Sexual dysfunction manifests as various challenges during sexual activity and is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Post stroke sexual dysfunction (PSSD) is particularly concerning, yet it is often overlooked by both healthcare providers and patients.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review, examining research and reports related to sexual dysfunction following stroke.

Superior performance of a center-point AI model over VFLDNet in automated cobb angle estimation for scoliosis assessment.

Purpose: Aims to establish the superiority of our proposed model over the state-of-the-art vertebra-focused landmark detection network (VFLDNet) in automating Cobb angle estimation from spinal radiographs.

Methods: Utilizing a private dataset for external validation, we compared the performance of our center-point detection-based vertebra localization and tilt estimation network (VLTENet) with the key-point detection-based VFLDNet. Both models' Cobb angle predictions were rigorously evaluated against manual consensus score using metrics such as mean absolute error (MAE), correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Fleiss' kappa, Bland-Altman analysis, and classification metrics [sensitivity (SN), specificity, accuracy] focusing on major curve estimation and scoliosis severity classification.

The relationships between the campus built environment and walking activity.

Despite the gradual development of students' sedentary habits and associated health problems, only a few studies have extensively and systematically measured campus built environments (CBE) and their impact on street walking activity. This study explores the association between CBEs and pedestrian volume (PV). Comprehensive questionnaires, field audits, and GIS were used to measure the CBE variables and PV of 892 street segments on eight Chinese campuses in Tianjin.

Does a Submental Airway Compared to a Tracheostomy Reduce Length of Stay in Craniomaxillofacial Trauma?

Background: Patients with craniomaxillofacial trauma (CMT) are at increased risk of airway compromise and may necessitate airway stabilization via a tracheostomy (TO) or cricothyroidotomy. The submental airway (SMA) is an alternative airway and can avoid complications related to TO.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the SMA to the TO with respect to hospital length of stay (LOS) and number of days with an advanced airway, termed airway days (ADs).

Relationships between students' perceived campus walkability, mental health, and life satisfaction during COVID-19.

Improving walkability in the campus environment and socio-psychological environments can promote students' mental health and subjective well-being. This study aimed to propose a theoretical model to investigate the link of perceived campus walkability (PCW) with mental health and life satisfaction (LS), and to disentangle the mediating impact of socio-psychological environments and academic performance on this relationship, while simultaneously considering the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied structural equation modeling to analyze the data collected through a questionnaire survey conducted at six universities and colleges in Yantai, China.

Enhancing the Electrochemical Performances of Disordered LiNiNbFeOF Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries by LiNbO Coating.

For the next generation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), it is primary to seek high capacity and long-lifetime electrode materials. Li-excess disordered rock-salt structure (DRS) cathodes have gained much attention due to their high specific capacity. However, Li-excess can lead to a decrease in the structural stability of an electrode material.

A Comparison of Maxillofacial and Head Injuries Following Electric Scooter and Bicycle Accidents.

Background: The prevalence of maxillofacial and head injuries associated with electric scooters (e-scooter, ES) has risen in concordance with its popularity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare maxillofacial and head injury location, type, and severity related to ES and bicycle accidents and to identify factors contributing to injury severity.

Study Design, Setting, Sample: The authors implemented a multicenter retrospective cohort study in Seattle, Washington, and enrolled a sample of ES riders and bicyclists who sustained maxillofacial injuries between September 2020 and September 2022.

Optimal intraventricular hemorrhage volume cutoff for predicting poor outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Objectives: The prognosis of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is often influenced by hematoma volume, a well-established predictor of poor outcome. However, the optimal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) volume cutoff for predicting poor outcome remains unknown.

Methods: We analyzed 313 patients with spontaneous ICH not undergoing evacuation, including 7 cases with external ventricular drainage (EVD).

Effects of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction on reproductive aging.

Mitochondria, the versatile organelles crucial for cellular and organismal viability, play a pivotal role in meeting the energy requirements of cells through the respiratory chain located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, concomitant with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A wealth of evidence derived from contemporary investigations on reproductive longevity strongly indicates that the aberrant elevation of ROS level constitutes a fundamental factor in hastening the aging process of reproductive systems which are responsible for transmission of DNA to future generations. Constant changes in redox status, with a pro-oxidant shift mainly through the mitochondrial generation of ROS, are linked to the modulation of physiological and pathological pathways in gametes and reproductive tissues.