Estrogen-Related Receptor Potential Target Genes in Silkworm (): Insights into Metabolic Regulation.

Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are important transcription factors within the nuclear receptor family that regulate cellular energy storage and consumption by binding to estrogen-related receptor response elements (ERREs) on gene promoters. While ERRs' role in vertebrates is well-studied, their molecular mechanisms in insect metabolism and development remain unclear. This study systematically summarizes the functions of ERRs in insects, focusing on silkworms by analyzing gene functions and comparing databases.

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of in the Silkworm, : Extended Lifespan and Altered Gene Expression Impacting Developmental Pathways.

Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 2 () is a gene involved in hereditary cerebellar ataxia. At present, little is known about the function of in insects. In this study, was detected to be highly expressed in the head, epidermis, midgut, and anterior silk glands of silkworms.

Mechanism of a Trapezoidal Magnetic Field Enhanced Helium Plasma Jet for Improving the Surface Modification Effect on Polyimide Films.

Atmospheric pressure plasma jets can directly act on the surface of materials and improve the surface properties of the materials. However, the concentration of active species generated by plasma jets is low, and the treatment area is small, which makes it difficult to realize the ideal material surface modification effect within a short processing time. In this paper, a method was proposed to increase the concentration of active species and treatment area of a helium plasma jet by applying a steady-state trapezoidal magnetic field, thus enhancing the surface modification effect on polyimide (PI) films.

SGDAcn is a suppressor for silk gland endoreplication and development.

Silkworm silk gland cells undergo multiple rounds of endoreplication, a process in which the genome is duplicated without cell division, leading to cellular polyploidization. This results in the accumulation of genomic DNA, serving as the foundation for rapid silk proteins synthesis. For the first time, we report a previously uncharacterized gene, SGDAcn, in the silkworm silk gland that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR-associated nuclease 9-mediated SGDAcn knockout in the posterior silk gland increased cell size and enhanced silk production.

The Ability to Digest Cellulose Can Significantly Improve the Growth and Development of Silkworms.

Cellulose is essential in the growth and development of herbivores. However, its limited utilization by herbivores is a key factor restricting their feed conversion rates. Cellulase can hydrolyze cellulose into glucose, and the addition of exogenous cellulase preparations to feed is an effective method for improving the cellulose utilization rate of ruminants.

Real-world video superresolution enhancement method based on the adaptive down-sampling model.

With the 5G and the popularity of high-definition and ultrahigh-definition equipment, people have increasingly higher requirements for the resolution of images or videos. However, the transmission pressure on servers is also gradually increasing. Therefore, superresolution technology has attracted much attention in recent years.

Relationships between students' perceived campus walkability, mental health, and life satisfaction during COVID-19.

Improving walkability in the campus environment and socio-psychological environments can promote students' mental health and subjective well-being. This study aimed to propose a theoretical model to investigate the link of perceived campus walkability (PCW) with mental health and life satisfaction (LS), and to disentangle the mediating impact of socio-psychological environments and academic performance on this relationship, while simultaneously considering the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied structural equation modeling to analyze the data collected through a questionnaire survey conducted at six universities and colleges in Yantai, China.

Silkworm Hemolymph and Cocoon Metabolomics Reveals Valine Improves Feed Efficiency of Silkworm Artificial Diet.

Artificial silkworm diets significantly impact farm profitability. Sustainable cocoon production depends on the continuous improvement of feed efficiency to reduce costs and nutrient losses in the feed. This study used metabolomics to explore the differences in silkworm cocoons and hemolymph under two modes of rearing: an artificial diet and a mulberry-leaf diet.

Boosting sodium-ion battery performance by anion doping in NASICON NaMnCr(PO) cathode.

Na superionic conductor (NASICON)-structured NaMnCr(PO) (NMCP) possessing unique three-electron transfer process renders admirable energy density for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). However, the current issues like its sluggish Na diffusion kinetics, deficient intrinsic conductivity, and unsatisfactory structural stability, hinder its practical application. Herein, a selective replacement of O elements in PO group by Cl anions in the NMCP system was developed to significantly enhance its electrochemical performance.

Deep learning approaches for differentiating thyroid nodules with calcification: a two-center study.

Background: Calcification is a common phenomenon in both benign and malignant thyroid nodules. However, the clinical significance of calcification remains unclear. Therefore, we explored a more objective method for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid calcified nodules.

A Study on the Effect of Energy on the Development of Silkworm Embryos Using an Estrogen-Related Receptor.

Energy metabolism is a fundamental process in all organisms. During silkworm () embryonic development, there is a high demand for energy due to continuous cell proliferation and differentiation. Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are transcriptional regulatory factors that play crucial roles in mammalian energy storage and expenditure.

Leveraging deep learning to identify calcification and colloid in thyroid nodules.

Background: Both calcification and colloid in thyroid nodules are reflected as echogenic foci in ultrasound images. However, calcification and colloid have significantly different probabilities of malignancy. We explored the performance of a deep learning (DL) model in distinguishing the echogenic foci of thyroid nodules as calcification or colloid.

Revisiting artificial intelligence diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma with DIKWH framework.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with a high morbidity and fatality rate. Traditional diagnostic methods for HCC are primarily based on clinical presentation, imaging features, and histopathology. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), which is increasingly used in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of HCC, an automated approach to HCC status classification is promising.

Vitellogenin receptor transports the 30K protein LP1 without cell-penetrating peptide, into the oocytes of the silkworm, .

Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs) transport vitellogenin (Vg) into oocytes, thereby promoting egg growth and embryonic development. VgRs recognize and transport multiple ligands in oviparous animals, but their role in insects is rarely reported. In this study, we investigated whether VgR (BmVgR) binds and transports lipoprotein-1 (BmLP1) and lipoprotein-7 (BmLP7) of the 30 kDa lipoproteins (30 K proteins), which are essential for egg formation and embryonic development in .

Filling Selenium into Sulfur Vacancies in Ultrathin Tungsten Sulfide Nanosheets for Superior Potassium Storage.

The development of WS as an anode for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) is severely confined by the low K storage capacity and poor intrinsic electrical conductivity. Our previous study demonstrated that the creation of sulfur vacancies (V) in WS can enhance its K storage capability. However, it is a big challenge to keep the stability of V while reserving the excellent activity.

Effects of Microbial Transfer during Food-Gut-Feces Circulation on the Health of Bombyx mori.

Change in habitual diet may negatively affect health. The domestic silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an economically important oligophagous insect that feeds on mulberry leaves. The growth, development, and immune-disease resistance of silkworms have declined under artificial dietary conditions.

The Response of the Estrogen-Related Receptor to 20-Hydroxyecdysone in : Insight Into the Function of Estrogen-Related Receptor in Insect 20-Hydroxyecdysone Signaling Pathway.

Estrogen-related receptor (ERR) is an orphan nuclear receptor that was first discovered in animals, and play an important role in metabolism, development, and reproduction. Despite extensive research on the function of ERR, its transcriptional regulation mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we obtained the upstream region of () and confirmed the promoter activity of this region.

Recycling deteriorated silage to remove hazardous mycotoxins and produce a value-added product.

Silage, an important forage feed, contains hazardous mycotoxins due to spoilage caused by unreasonable management. Deteriorated silage becomes a mycotoxin source and threatens human health and the eco-environment. Recycling deteriorated silage and exploiting beneficial substances would be profitable and environmentally friendly.

Estrogen-Related Receptor Influences the Hemolymph Glucose Content by Regulating Midgut Trehalase Gene Expression in the Last Instar Larvae of .

The expression of trehalase in the midgut of insects plays an important role in glucose supply to the hemolymph. Energy metabolism is usually regulated by the estrogen-related receptor (ERR). A decrease in ATP levels is caused by the ERR hindering glycolysis.

A novel GATA transcription factor GATAβ4 promotes vitellogenin transcription and egg formation in the silkworm Bombyx mori.

GATA transcription factors (GATAs) are widely expressed among various organisms and belong to the zinc finger protein family. GATA transcription factors play important roles in the proliferation, differentiation, and development of eukaryotes. Previous studies have shown that GATA participates in oogenesis by selective splicing in silkworms.

The expression of ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase enhances cocoon shell ratio by reducing ecdysteroid titre in last-instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Ecdysteroid UDP glucosyltransferase (EGT) is a baculovirus-encoded protein which can hinder the normal molting of insects by inactivating 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Here we expressed EGT in the last-instar silkworm larvae using the GAL4/ UAS system. Compared with the control, for the EGT overexpressed silkworm, the hemolymph 20E content was significantly decreased, the feeding and spinning periods of the last-instar silkworm larvae were extended, the cocoon shell ratio was significantly increased, and the transformation from silkworm larvae to pupa was blocked.

[Establishment of a suitable control reporter plasmid of a dual luciferase reporter gene system for hormone research in silkworm cell lines].

The dual luciferase reporter gene system provides sensitive readout, while it relies on a constitutively-expressed control gene for readout normalization. However, most standard control reporter genes are not constitutively expressed under all conditions. Here, we report an effective method to construct a control reporter plasmid for the dual luciferase reporter gene system that would be suitable for hormone research in silkworm cell lines.

Pigmentary analysis of eggs of the silkworm Bombyx mori.

Ommochromes are major pigments involved in coloration of eggs, eyes, wings, and epidermis of insects. Bombyx mori (silkworm) eggs contain a mixture of ommochrome pigments and their precursors. Here, we analyzed the pigment composition of every egg color strain using egg color mutants (w-2, pe, and re) and wild-type strains (dazao and C108) by using full wavelength scanning and high-performance liquid chromatography.

Vitellogenin receptor selectively endocytoses female-specific and highly-expressed hemolymph proteins in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

VgR, a member of the LDLR family, functions to transport vitellogenin into the ovaries to protome ovarian growth and embryonic development. In insects, the only widely accepted ligand of VgR is Vg. Recently, BmVgR has been shown to interact with BmSP1 in vitro.