Large language models enable tumor-type classification and localization of cancers of unknown primary from genomic data.

Tumor-type classification is critical for effective cancer treatment, yet current methods based on genomic alterations lack flexibility and have limited performance. Here, we introduce OncoChat, an artificial intelligence (AI) model designed to classify 69 tumor types by integrating diverse genomic alterations. Developed on genomic data from 158,836 tumors sequenced with targeted cancer gene panels, OncoChat demonstrates superior performance, achieving a micro-averaged precision-recall area under the curve (PRAUC) of 0.

Innovative strategies to enhance MSCs efficacy in acute kidney injury (Review).

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a significant clinical challenge, characterized by rapid kidney dysfunction with potential progression to chronic kidney disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer promising therapeutic potential due to their regenerative, immunomodulatory and anti‑inflammatory capabilities. Despite these advantages, clinical translation is hampered by low MSCs retention, limited cell survival and suboptimal secretion of therapeutic factors in injured renal tissues.

RING-Between-RING-Type E3 Ligase Ariadne-Like Protein 8 Negatively Regulates Plant Virus Infection by Targeting a Viral Movement Protein.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system is a highly conserved machinery that plays a crucial role in plant defense against viruses. However, the number of E3 ligases targeting viral proteins remains limited. Although RING-between-RING (RBR)-type E3 ligases are evolutionarily conserved across organisms, their functions in plant responses to biotic stress remain largely unknown.

Case report: Hyperacute rejection of living relative kidney transplantation caused by colony-stimulating factor 2 antibodies.

Kidney transplantation (KT) stands as a highly effective, life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage renal disease, offering substantial improvements in both quality of life and long-term survival. However, one of the most critical challenges that can arise in this procedure is hyperacute rejection (HR). This severe immune response occurs almost immediately after transplantation and can place the patient at a heightened risk of serious complications and even drastically jeopardizes the survival of the transplanted kidney.

Development of a validated and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method to simultaneous determination of crizotinib, alectinib and lorlatinib in human plasma.

Crizotinib, alectinib, and lorlatinib are tyrosine kinase inhibitors used sequentially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is valuable during sequential treatment, enabling simultaneous quantification. Consequently, an analytical method capable of multiplexing these three compounds into a single assay is highly applicable for routine TDM.

Major toxin composition of particulate matter from a coal-fired power plant and its proteomics-associated toxicological profiles in the lungs of balb/c mice.

This comprehensive study investigated fly ash particulate matter (PM) from Thailand's Mae Moh Coal-fired Power Plant, focusing on its major toxin composition and toxicological effects in mice. Chemical composition analysis using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry identified iron (Fe) as the predominant heavy metal (101,067.31 ± 8246.

Comparison of [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [F]FDG PET/CT for detection of bone metastases of lung cancer.

Background: Bone metastases of lung cancer typically indicate disease progression and poor prognosis. Early and accurate detection is crucial for staging, treatment planning, and prognostic evaluation. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of gallium 68-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor-04 ([Ga]Ga-FAPI-04) and fluorine 18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging in detecting bone metastases in lung cancer.

Constructing a knowledge system for theoretical research and practical application in macroecosystem science.

Ecological research in the 21st century has entered a new stage of ecosystem science. Macroecosystem science, as the engine and frontier direction of ecosystem science, is focusing on the mutual feedbacks among "environmental change-ecosystem-human well-being-social development", based on the systemic cognitive framework of "multiple elements-multiple processes-multiple functions-multiple scales-multiple dimensions". It is committed to developing integrated research methods of "cross media-cross interface-cross time and space-cross level-cross disciplinary", concentrating on the cascading relationships and process mechanisms of "resource environment-system structure-ecological process-functional service" and "system construction-state evolution-resource and environment effect-regulation and supervision", and understanding the evolution laws of macroecosystem and the scientific principles of human regulation.

The modifying effects of HS-CRP on the association between blood pressure and stroke risk in a non-hypertensive population: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aim: While blood pressure (BP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) are established stroke risk factors, their synergistic effects in normotensive populations remain unclear. This study investigates HS-CRP's modifying role in BP-stroke risk associations among Chinese adults without hypertension.

Methods And Results: This study included 4509 participants aged ≥45 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

BRCA-CN: a blockchain-based framework to support public variant databases sharing in multi-center community for diagnostic reference and China regulatory science.

High-quality, regulatory-grade databases for precise genetic variant interpretation are critically needed for Chinese populations, where existing fragmented databases impede clinical effectiveness evaluations. We developed BRCA-CN, a consortium blockchain-based governance framework specifically designed for BRCA gene variant interpretation in Chinese populations. Our framework compiled 66,485 variants from 6,031 samples across six Chinese laboratories.

Molecular Characterization of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Jiangxi Province: A High Prevalence of , and in in Cattle from Ganzhou City, China.

, , and species are emerging tick-borne pathogens that cause zoonotic diseases, including rickettsiosis, anaplasmosis, and ehrlichiosis in both human and animal populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of these pathogens in cattle-associated ticks from Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China. Through molecular characterization using multilocus sequence analysis (16S , , , and genes), we analyzed 392 ticks collected from March to September in 2022.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Blindness due to Diabetic Retinopathy, 1990-2021.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the patterns and trends in the burden of blindness due to diabetic retinopathy (DR) from 1990 to 2021 at the global, regional, and national levels.

Methods: We conducted a population-based analysis using the latest data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. We examined the prevalence and number of cases of DR-related blindness stratified by type of diabetes, sex, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI) level.

Sulfur-Engineered Second-Shell in Fe-N Catalysts: Dual Active Sites Harmonized Activity and Stability in Real Water Environment.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit outstanding catalytic activity, yet their application in real complex environments is constrained by the single active sites and instabilities that are susceptible to inactivation. Extensive efforts have been made to regulate the metal coordination environment, but the catalytic role of nonmetal dopants, especially beyond the first shell, remains underexplored. Herein, S-engineered second-shell Fe single-atom catalysts (FeNSC) are reported, in which S sites not only function as additional nonmetallic active sites separated from Fe but also reinforce the stability of the catalysts.

Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity Evaluation of Novel Hydrazide-Containing -Perillaldehyde Derivatives as Potential Fungicides.

In this study, 36 novel hydrazide-containing -perillaldehyde derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antifungal activity. In the antifungal assays, most of the target compounds exhibited remarkable antifungal activity. Notably, compound displayed exceptional antifungal activities against (EC = 0.

De-Saturation of Single-Atom Copper Catalysts for Accelerating Propargylic Substitution Reactions.

Rational design of proximal coordination microenvironments surrounding catalytic sites to achieve optimal reaction kinetics represents a paramount pursuit in single-atom catalysts (SACs), yet continues to pose substantial synthetic challenges. Developing innovative strategies that simultaneously stabilize low-coordinated single-metal species on solid supports, while ensuring atomic precision and high activity, remains imperative. Herein, a de-saturation strategy for SACs is demonstrated (denoted as De-sat SACs) using a top-down approach based on a KOH-mediated Joule thermal shock to obtain under-coordinated and asymmetric SACs for efficient organic synthesis.

Isoquinoline as an Electrolyte Additive for Electrolytic Zn-MnO Batteries: Superior Cycling Stability and Areal Capacity.

Aqueous electrolytic Zn-MnO batteries hold great promise for energy storage applications owing to their high theoretical electromotive force and energy density. However, the zinc anode suffers from severe corrosion in strongly acidic electrolytes, leading to hydrogen evolution, low zinc utilization, and premature battery failure. To address these challenges, isoquinoline is introduced as an additive in a chloride-based acidic electrolyte.

Development of a web-based tool using machine learning algorithms to improve adherence to diagnostic colonoscopy among middle-aged and elderly adults in colorectal cancer screening program.

Background: Colorectal cancer represents a major concern in China, coupled with a low rate of diagnostic colonoscopy, emphasising the necessity for improved adherence to diagnostic colonoscopy.

Objective: We aimed to predict colonoscopy behaviour in middle-aged and elderly adults using machine learning, explore determinants, and develop a web-based tool to improve adherence to diagnostic colonoscopy.

Methods: We used 49,418 consultation data with positive results of colorectal cancer preliminary screening (defining a positive result in risk assessment or FOBT screening as a preliminary screening positive) from a total of 202,091 consultations in a community-based colorectal cancer screening program between 2013 and 2021 from Baoshan District, Shanghai, China.

Antioomycete activity and mechanism of neoechinulin A from the marine fungus Aspergillus amstelodami 012393 against Phytophthora capsici: neoechinulin A against Phytophthora capsici.

Background: Phytophthora capsici, a highly destructive pathogen affecting solanaceous and cucurbitaceous crops globally, poses a significant threat to agricultural production and food security. Neoechinulin A (NEA), an isoprenyl indole alkaloid, was previously known for its anti-inflammatory properties, but had not been reported for its antioomycete effects.

Results: NEA demonstrated potent antioomycete activity against P.

GA-DELLA-OsMYB48-1 module-mediated regulation of inorganic phosphate uptake in rice.

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is essential for plant growth and development, yet the regulatory role of gibberellic acid (GA) in Pi uptake in rice remains poorly understood. Here, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, which corresponds to an allele of the Green Revolution gene Semi-Dwarf 1 (SD1), encoding GA20-oxidase, a key enzyme in GA biosynthesis. Through functional analyses of near-isogenic lines, genetic complementation, overexpression, and knockout transgenic lines, we demonstrated that SD1 enhances Pi uptake in rice.

Elucidation of the zinc binding site in KCNQ channels.

Background And Purpose: KCNQ1-5 (Kv7.1-7.5) are members of a family of voltage-gated potassium channels with prominent function in the nervous and cardiovascular systems and in epithelia.

Xuebijing alleviates high-voltage electrical burn-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting neutrophils and inflammation.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical effect of Xuebijing in alleviating acute kidney injury (AKI) after high-voltage electrical burns by inhibiting neutrophils, inflammatory cells, and its potential influence on reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ninety-six patients with AKI following high-voltage electrical burns, admitted to our hospital from February 2023 to December 2024, were included. They were randomized using a computer-generated random number sequence into two groups: a study group (Xuebijing, n = 48) and a control group (n = 48).

Home-based enteral nutrition self-management challenges in young and middle-aged patients with Crohn's disease: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore the challenges faced by young and middle-aged patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in managing home enteral nutrition (HEN) and to identify strategies to improve their self-management and treatment adherence.

Design: A qualitative phenomenological study.

Setting: The study was conducted at a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Jiangsu, China, with a focus on patients undergoing long-term HEN treatment for CD.

Secondary Undertriage of Severely Injured Trauma Patients across the US.

Background: Secondary triage is a critical mechanism through which severely injured patients presenting to lower-resource hospitals are transferred to high-resource trauma centers, and is associated with improved survival. We conducted a contemporary, nationally representative analysis to quantify the volume of severely injured patients not transferred to higher-level care and to identify predictors of non-transfer.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study using the 2019 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample of all adult trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15 who first presented to a Level III or non-trauma center (NTC).

The combined toxicity assessment of polystyrene microplastics and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on cardiac development in zebrafish embryos.

With the extensive use of microplastics (MPs) and its plasticizer, more and more research focus on their combined effects on health risk. In this study, polystyrene (PS) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were selected as target contaminants, and zebrafish embryos were employed as a biological model to investigate the potential toxicity of co-exposure to microplastics and plastic additives on embryonic and cardiac development. These findings indicated that the simultaneous exposure to PS and DEHP markedly diminished the heart rate, survival rate, and impeded the hatching process.

Coexistence of hepatitis B e antigen and antibody during antiviral treatment predicts better clinical outcomes in children.

Objectives: The coexistence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb) during antiviral therapy is considered atypical in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and its clinical implications remain inadequately understood, particularly in pediatric patients. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of this coexistence pattern and its impact on the outcomes of combined antiviral therapy in children with CHB.

Methods: A total of 254 treatment-naïve children diagnosed with HBeAg-positive CHB were retrospectively enrolled.