Automated production of radiotracer [F]FZTA for imaging sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) in human.

We report a reliable fully automated procedure to produce a promising F-18 labeled sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) PET ligand, 3-((2-fluoro-4-(5-(4-(2-(fluoro-F)ethoxy)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)benzyl) (methyl)amino)propan-1-ol ([F]FZTA) on the GE TRACERlab FX2N module, using a one-pot two-step procedure following current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). The MOM-protected precursor 1 was fluorinated with no-carrier-added [F]KF, catalyzed by Kryptofix 222 under heat, to afford the intermediate [F]2. After deprotecting the MOM-group on [F]2 under acidic condition, the reaction was quenched into a neutralized solution, which was then loaded on semi-preparative HPLC for purification.

Multinational cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer.

Background: Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer. However, the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin remains unclear across different healthcare systems. This study evaluates its international cost-effectiveness in four countries.

Development and Evaluation of [Ga]Ga-DOTA-BT1718: A Novel Imaging Agent Targeting MT1-MMP for Malignant Tumor Diagnosis.

Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is highly expressed in various malignant tumors. Therefore, evaluating the expression level of MT1-MMP in tumors is crucial. We designed and synthesized [Ga]Ga-DOTA-BT1718, which targets MT1-MMP, to monitor MT1-MMP expression levels in malignant tumors via positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Physician Use of Large Language Models: A Quantitative Study Based on Large-Scale Query-Level Data.

Background: Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has rapidly emerged as a promising tool in health care. Despite its growing adoption, how physicians make use of it in medical practice has not been qualitatively studied. Existing literature has largely focused on theoretical applications or experimental validations, with limited insight into real-world physician engagement with GenAI technologies.

Tamarixetin Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progression by Targeting DPP7-Mediated WNT3A/β-Catenin Signalling Pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have had limited benefits from conventional chemotherapy, highlighting the need for improved therapeutic strategies. Natural compounds have emerged as promising alternatives due to their potent anti-cancer properties and reduced side effects. Tamarixetin is an O-methylated flavonol derived from Azadirachta indica, but its potential and clinical utility to suppress CRC progression remain unknown.

Single-Atom Cu Anchored on a UiO-66 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensor for Trace and Rapid Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) serve as critical biomarkers in exhaled breath for early-stage cancer patients, and their rapid, trace-level detection holds marked implications for cancer screening. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology demonstrates strong potential for trace VOC gas detection due to its ultra-high sensitivity and immunity to water interference. However, while surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-free semiconductor substrates offer superior spectral stability and selectivity, their sensitivity toward VOC detection remains suboptimal.

DAZAP2 functions as a pan-coronavirus restriction factor by inhibiting viral entry and genomic replication.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the emergence of novel variants underscore the need to understand host-virus interactions and identify host factors that restrict viral infection. Here, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen to identify host restriction factors for SARS-CoV-2, revealing DAZAP2 as a potent antiviral gene. DAZAP2, previously implicated in SARS-CoV-2 restriction, is found to inhibit viral entry by blocking virion fusion with both endolysosomal and plasma membranes.

Imaging and targeting S1PR1 in HER2+ tumors.

Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) is a membrane receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a subset of gastric cancers and is the target of multiple clinically approved therapies, including the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd). However, resistance to HER2-directed therapies remains a major challenge in gastric cancer. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), a G-protein-coupled receptor involved in oncogenic signaling, has been associated with poor prognosis and therapy resistance.

PPDPF promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via c-Myc/CD24 axis.

Background: Despite a series of attempts during the last decades, the prognosis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains poor. Although clinical immunotherapy trials have shown encouraging results, their benefits are limited. This study aims to identify novel targets for immunotherapy in ESCC.

PET Study of S1PR1 Expression in Rodent Model of Myocardial Infarction.

Purpose: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid mediator influencing numerous physiological processes. S1PR1 is the predominant isoform of the S1P receptor in cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells.

Silencing the serine/threonine kinase Akt gene disrupts reproductive physiology in Sogatella furcifera and confers RNAi-mediated insect resistance in rice.

Background: The white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera, is a major destructive pest of rice globally. Plant-mediated RNA-interference (RNAi) is an innovative crop protection method where transgenic plants express insect-specific double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) to induce RNAi-mediated gene silencing in target pests. The serine/threonine kinase Akt is a crucial component of the insulin signaling pathway, essential for controlling insect metabolism, growth, and reproduction.

Evaluation of [11C]CS1P1 in Healthy Young and Older Adults.

Background And Purpose: Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) is a key regulator of neuroinflammation and plays a crucial role in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. [11C]CS1P1 is a novel PET tracer for measuring expression levels of S1PR1 in humans. Before widespread application, its quantification must be established and evaluated in healthy young and old adults through characterization of binding topographies, kinetics, and tracer metabolism rates.

Preparation of high-quality pure titanium SLA surface and evaluation of its physicochemical and biological properties - in vitro experiments.

Objectives: This study aimed to prepare high-quality sandblasted large-grit acid-etched surfaces of pure titanium and to evaluate their physicochemical and biological properties.

Methods: We investigated the acid-etching parameters of pure titanium under two sandblasting conditions, focusing on acid concentration, temperature, and time, utilizing an orthogonal experimental design. The optimal conditions for each sandblasted titanium surface were determined through range analysis, enabling the production of high-quality sandblasted large-grit acid-etched surfaces.

Microenvironment-responsive collagen hydrogel with Houttuynia Cordata Thunb vesicles for diabetic wound repair.

Wound healing in diabetic patients is often impaired due to a combination of tissue inflammation, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), insufficient neovascularization, and pH imbalances. To overcome these challenges, we designed a multifunctional hydrogel system capable of responding to the wound microenvironment and enabling the controlled release of plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) to accelerate diabetic wound healing. The hydrogel was constructed using recombinant human Type III collagen (rhCOL3) grafted with 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) to gain the microenvironment response ability.

Doublesex knockout via CRISPR/Cas9 disrupts fertility and sexual dimorphism of wings in the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis.

The doublesex (dsx) gene has a conserved role in sex determination in insects, controlling sexual development and mating behavior. Although dsx is known to participate in these critical functions, its role in insect sex determination remains not fully elucidated. Given the economic importance of the rice pest Chilo suppressalis, we employed this species as a model to investigate the function of its dsx homolog.

A novel synergistic regulatory mechanism involving the MYB39-MYB111-bHLH51-TTG1 module in the phenolic and diterpenoid biosynthetic pathways of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Plants produce a variety of secondary metabolites, and their biosynthesis is often regulated by multiple transcription factors. However, the potential connections between the biosynthesis of different types of metabolites remain unclear. In this study, we present a novel mechanism in which the MYB39-MYB111-bHLH51-TTG1 module synergistically regulates both the phenolic and diterpenoid biosynthetic pathways in the medicinal model plant Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Restriction of YWHAB-mediated YAP cytoplasmic retention is a novel mechanism underlying stemness maintenance and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer peritoneal metastasis.

Ovarian cancer (OC) peritoneal metastasis (OCPM) is a major cause of high mortality of OC, in which cancer cells incubated in ascites evolve various mechanisms to survive. Hippo/YAP singling plays multiple roles in carcinogenesis, however, its roles in OCPM have remained elusive. Here, we report that restriction of YWHAB-mediated YAP cytoplasmic retention is a critical mechanism underlying OCPM stemness maintenance.

Effect of sperm swim - up vs density gradient centrifugation on embryo aneuploidy detected by non-invasive chromosomal screening in conventional IVF.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the aneuploidy rates of blastocysts obtained via conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) using sperm prepared by the swim-up (SU) and density gradient centrifugation (DGC) methods, as detected by non-invasive chromosomal screening (NICS). This comparison would provide more evidence for selecting the appropriate semen processing technique for patients undergoing conventional IVF with NICS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent conventional IVF and NICS at our hospital from January 2022 to May 2024.

A Bayesian deep learning model with consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR) prior revolutionizes the prediction of spread through air spaces (STAS) in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma: a large-scale diagnostic study.

Background: The preoperative prediction of spread through air spaces (STAS) in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is crucial for selecting the appropriate surgical approach and improving patient outcomes. Previous research has confirmed that there is a significant correlation between consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR) and STAS. This study aimed to develop a Bayesian deep learning (DL) model based on the CTR prior to predict STAS in patients with stage IA LUAD.

Two F-18 radiochemistry methods to synthesize a promising transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) radioligand.

TRPC5 is a member of the mammalian transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily and it has been implicated in various physiological and pathological mechanisms of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Fluorine-18 is one of the most widely used radionuclides for PET imaging due to its favorable chemical characteristics and nuclear-physical properties. Herein, we describe two complementary radiosynthetic approaches and preliminary evaluation for [F] as a novel and promising fluorine-18 labeled radiotracer for imaging TRPC5.

Validation of a noninvasive device for measuring filling pressure against invasive pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

Background: Intravascular congestion, particularly elevated cardiac filling pressures, is a key component of heart failure and often precedes symptom onset. Early intervention is critical, yet non-invasive tools to detect congestion before symptoms appear are limited.

Objectives: This study evaluates the accuracy of a non-invasive filling pressure (NIFP) device in assessing cardiac filling pressure, compared to pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) obtained via Swan-Ganz catheterization.

20-hydroxyecdysone-mediated regulation of the ribosomal protein Cs40SRPS4 via CsE74A is essential for vitellogenesis in Chilo suppressalis.

Development and reproduction are key processes in the insect life cycle, and vitellogenesis is a critical event in insect reproduction. Vitellogenin (Vg) is generally recognized as a female-specific, reproductive lipoprotein unique to oviparous taxa that plays a crucial role in vitellogenesis. However, its specific functions, and the mechanisms underlying its regulation, remain poorly understood.

Biomni: A General-Purpose Biomedical AI Agent.

Biomedical research underpins progress in our understanding of human health and disease, drug discovery, and clinical care. However, with the growth of complex lab experiments, large datasets, many analytical tools, and expansive literature, biomedical research is increasingly constrained by repetitive and fragmented workflows that slow discovery and limit innovation, underscoring the need for a fundamentally new way to scale scientific expertise. Here, we introduce Biomni, a general-purpose biomedical AI agent designed to autonomously execute a wide spectrum of research tasks across diverse biomedical subfields.

The value of intratumoral and peritumoral ultrasound radiomics model constructed using multiple machine learning algorithms for non-mass breast cancer.

To investigate the diagnostic capability of multiple machine learning algorithms combined with intratumoral and peritumoral ultrasound radiomics models for non-massive breast cancer in dense breast backgrounds. Manual segmentation of ultrasound images was performed to define the intratumoral region of interest (ROI), and five peritumoral ROIs were generated by extending the contours by 1 to 5 mm. A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted from these regions and filtered using statistical methods.