Unraveling ozone formation sensitivity to ambient VOCs and NOx at urban and mountain sites in a typical city of eastern China.

Ozone (O) is a primary pollutant affecting air quality in China, whose formation rate was non-linearly based on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). A comprehensive understanding of the key drivers governing O formation and its sensitivity to precursor variations presents a persistent research challenge, stemming from the complex interplay of underlying photochemistry, meteorology, and topography. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted synchronous measurements of O and its precursors at both an urban (JPU) and a mountain (LM) site in a typical city in eastern China, enabling concurrent evaluation of O formation sensitivity and diagnostic analysis of its underlying mechanisms.

Trends and projections of the disease burden of vitamin A deficiency in China from 1990 to 2021.

Objective: The current systematic research on the disease burden of Vitamin A deficiency in China is limited. To analyze the trends in the disease burden of Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) in China from 1990 to 2021 and predict future trends from 2022 to 2050, providing a scientific basis for the prevention of VAD in China.

Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data, we extracted incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for VAD in China from 1990 to 2021.

Ultrastructure and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal Alternative Pathways of Zona Radiata Formation in with Different Spawning Habits.

Spawning diversity plays an essential role in fish survival and reproduction, which contributes to the exceptional diversity of teleosts among vertebrates. Different zona radiata structures reflect the adaptability of fish to the environment of spawning and early embryonic development. The morphological and transcriptional characteristics of fish follicle development between different spawning habits, particularly the zona radiata variations, have been poorly documented.

Oral virome metagenomic catalog links Porphyromonas gingivalis phages to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

The human microbiota has a critical role in maintaining human microbiome homeostasis and health, yet the viral component of the oral microbiome remains largely unidentified. We establish the Human Oral Virome Database (HOVD) catalog, a freely accessible online resource cataloging 24,440 bacteriophage viral operational taxonomic units and 83 eukaryotic viral genomes. Utilizing HOVD, we investigate oral virome variation and its correlation with oral bacteria and gut virome in 220 obese individuals with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

An intelligent diagnosis method for cardiovascular diseases based on the CNN-CBAM-GRU model.

Early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is essential for improving patient outcomes. As a primary diagnostic modality, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals pose challenges for automatic classification due to their complex temporal and morphological characteristics. This study proposes a CNN-CBAM-GRU model that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM), and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) to enhance both spatial feature representation and temporal sequence modeling.

High-Performance Thick-Film All-Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by a Blade-Coating Process Assisted by a Direct Nonuniform Electric Field.

The incorporation of thick active layers (>300 nm) is an essential requirement for wide-scale industrial production of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, it is still challenging to achieve efficient thick film devices, in particular for all-polymer OSCs, which are generally considered the most stable type of OSCs. In this study, a simple yet effective method is introduced by using a direct current (DC) field to manipulate the morphology of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films within all-polymer OSCs during a blade coating process.

Active Learning-enhanced Deep Neural Network (AL-DNN) for uncertainty analysis of landfill leakage risk.

Landfills serve both as essential infrastructure for solid waste disposal and as potential sources of significant environmental risk. Leachate leakage has become a global concern due to its adverse impact on groundwater quality and associated public health threats. Accurate assessment of concealed leakage and its uncertainty is critical for effective risk management.

Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meropenem in critically ill patients with renal impairment or on continuous renal replacement therapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of meropenem in patients with renal impairment or on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), investigate the factors contributing to PK variability, and evaluate the performance of different dosing regimens to optimize the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics PK/PD) targets.

Methods: This study enrolled patients with severe infections and renal impairment who received meropenem treatment at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Participants were grouped according to whether CRRT was used.

PopPK modeling supports BW band dosing of lacosamide for pediatric epilepsy.

Personalized precision dosing remains an unmet clinical need. This study used population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) modeling to evaluate transitioning lacosamide (LCM) in children with epilepsy from body weight (BW)-based (mg/kg) to simplified BW-band or fixed-dose (mg) regimens. Real-world data from 190 patients were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling program, comparing a BW-based model (Model I) and a genotype-guided model (Model II); the latter showed superior predictive performance.

Identification of Salivary Exosome-Derived miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Non-Invasive Diagnosis and Proactive Monitoring of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disorder with relapsing/remitting characteristics, lacks reliable non-invasive biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring. This study explored salivary exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers to address this unmet clinical need. Using discovery (24 IBD patients [11 active, 13 remission] and 6 healthy controls [HCs]) and validation cohorts (102 IBD patients [53 active, 49 remission] and 18 HCs), we analyzed miRNA profiles via reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).

Revisiting the Association Between Beta-blockers and Psoriasis: Evidence from Real-World Data.

Introduction: Some cases report that beta-blockers may induce or exacerbate psoriasis. However, pharmacoepidemiology studies have yielded conflicting results. This study aims to investigate whether there is a potential association between beta-blockers and psoriasis.

Smart-SNPer: Automated crRNA design for ultrasensitive RPA-Cas12a SNP detection.

Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection is critical for precision medicine but is often hindered by complex workflows in resource-limited settings. Here, we introduce Smart-SNPer (https://smart-crisprer.com), a one-click, structure-guided crRNA design tool that automates the development of highly specific RPA (Recombinase Polymerase Amplification)-Cas12a assays (CORDSv2).

Identification of key genes in intracranial aneurysm via WGCNA: insights into immune microenvironment and therapeutic targets.

Background: Intracranial aneurysms (IA) are prevalent vascular lesions whose rupture causes subarachnoid hemorrhage with high disability and mortality. Although cell adhesion molecules help maintain vascular integrity, their roles in IA pathogenesis remain incompletely defined. High-throughput bioinformatics offers a means to elucidate these mechanisms.

SOTA: A statistical tool for quantifying the superiority onset time of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor response based on Kaplan-Meier graphics and its application in a meta-analysis of NSCLC randomized controlled trials.

Background: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors exert a unique delayed effect in clinical practice, although the exact duration of this delay remains inconclusive. To address this, we developed an algorithm-SOTA (Superiority Onset-Time Algorithm) to quantify the delayed effect and estimate the post-onset therapeutic benefit and applied it based on a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to calculate the delayed effect of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: SOTA reconstructs Kaplan-Meier curves from published figures, recovers individual-level data, and applies a piecewise Cox model to identify the optimal breakpoint as superiority onset time (SOT).

DNA Tetrahedral Sensors for Visualizing miR-21-Mediated Angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis is a critical driver of tumor metastasis, making it a key target for anticancer therapy. While oncogenic miR-21 has been identified as a key promoter of tumor angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulation, existing approaches fail to visualize this epigenetic regulatory mechanism in real time. To address this gap, we developed two DNA tetrahedron sensors using DNA nanotechnology, enabling precise recognition and real-time visualization of miR-21 and its downstream VEGF mRNA through a dual-target synchronous detection strategy.

BACTEROIDETES/FIRMICUTES RATIO AS AN EARLY BIOMARKER FOR NEC DEVELOPMENT IN PRETERM INFANTS.

Backgroud: Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe intestinal disease potentially linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis. This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the role of dysbiosis in NEC development.

Method: We included preterm infants with a birth weight <1500 g or gestational age <32 weeks, admitted to Shanghai Children's Hospital from April 9, 2019, to March 30, 2023.

The global landscape of the evolving nurses' roles and core competency in primary healthcare: An expanding umbrella review.

Background: A transformative primary healthcare system that delivers effective, efficient and equitable care services is imperative to tackle the ever-emerging challenges to population health such as the surging major lifestyle risks, mental health issues, the burden of chronic care and novel infectious diseases. Nurses, as one of the major service stakeholders in this global agenda, needs to proactively seek role advancement and competency development in primary healthcare. This process can be facilitated by seeking a comprehensive understanding of the global landscape of nurses' roles and competencies in primary healthcare.

SYHA1813, A VEGFR and CSF1R Inhibitor, in Patients With Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas: A Multicenter, Open-Label Phase I Study.

Objective: Recurrent high-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SYHA1813, a dual inhibitor of VEGFR and CSF1R, in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas.

Methods: Eligible patients (aged ≥ 18) with histologically or cytologically confirmed recurrent high-grade gliomas were included.

Defect-engineered cerium-based metal-organic frameworks via dynamic ligand competition: increasing coordinatively unsaturated sites for enhanced phosphate adsorption.

Phosphorus pollution triggers eutrophication of water bodies, threatening aquatic ecosystems and human health, highlighting the urgent need for efficient phosphorus removal materials. Herein, a propionic acid (PA)-mediated 'dynamic ligand competition-defect evolution' strategy is adopted to overcome the critical limitation of low coordinatively unsaturated metal sites density in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In this study, a new cerium-based MOF (Ce-ATA-PA) was prepared using this strategy.

Prognostic importance of red blood cell distribution width in patients with glioma: A meta-analysis.

The present study aimed to investigate whether red blood cell distribution width (RDW) was an independent prognosis factor for patients with glioma after surgery. Potential studies were found in four databases including PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Cochrane Library on 21st July, 2022. To evaluate the prognosis after surgery, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to calculate the overall survival (OS) of patients with glioma.

Prominent Alveolar Bone Graft Substitute Derived from Silk Fibroin/Hyaluronic Acid/Demineralized Dentin Matrix Hybrid Hydrogel.

Bone graft substitutes are commonly used to repair large bone defect, and restoring the alveolar bone defects in height and width is a major challenge in restorative dentistry. In comparison with clinic bone graft substitutes such as bovine-derived powder and hydroxyapatite, demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) is a valuable alternative due to its compositional similarity to human-derived bone. However, a challenge remains in using DDM for bone rehabilitation, particularly in maintaining spatial morphology due to its granular form.

Multimodal MRI reveals impaired glymphatic function with choroid plexus enlargement and cerebrospinal fluid expansion in alzheimer's disease.

There is increasing evidence that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study evaluated CSF circulation in patients with AD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived measures, including choroid plexus (CP) volume, CSF volume, and diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. The study included 188 participants: 28 with AD, 40 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 66 with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and 54 normal controls (NCs).

Sensory integration and spinal structure in AIS: is there a functional-structural association?

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is characterized by three-dimensional spinal deformities and often co-occurs with balance impairments. However, it remains unclear whether postural deficits in AIS are statistically associated with spinal morphology, or instead reflect independent alterations in sensorimotor integration.

Objective: This study aimed to examine whether postural control performance under sensory challenge is statistically associated with three-dimensional spinal morphology in adolescents with AIS.