Defect-engineered cerium-based metal-organic frameworks via dynamic ligand competition: increasing coordinatively unsaturated sites for enhanced phosphate adsorption.

Phosphorus pollution triggers eutrophication of water bodies, threatening aquatic ecosystems and human health, highlighting the urgent need for efficient phosphorus removal materials. Herein, a propionic acid (PA)-mediated 'dynamic ligand competition-defect evolution' strategy is adopted to overcome the critical limitation of low coordinatively unsaturated metal sites density in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In this study, a new cerium-based MOF (Ce-ATA-PA) was prepared using this strategy.

Genetic redundancy of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase conferred the ability of Rhodococcus opacus PD630 for efficient catecholic compounds degradation.

Lignin, a bountiful natural resource, presents challenges in degradation and conversion due to its complex structure. Microorganisms have evolved a "biofunnel" pathway in nature that offers novel insights into lignin valorization. Among the key intermediates in lignin metabolism is catechol, predominantly metabolized by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (CatA) in these organisms.

Neuroprotective liver portal area macrophages attenuate hepatic inflammation.

Tissue macrophages have an important role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis, and their functions are closely related to spatial localization. Here, through integration of whole liver lobe imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of CX3CR1 cells in the mouse liver, we identified a dense network of CX3CR1CD63 liver portal area macrophages (LPAMs) that exhibited transcriptional and spatial differences compared with CX3CR1CD207 liver capsular macrophages. The survival of LPAMs was dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R).

Exactly Matching the FRET Energy of the Functionalized Upconversion Nanoprobe to Boost the Sensing Performance toward Perchlorate.

The design and development of ultra-accurate probe is of great significance, but there is still a big challenge for chemical sensing in complex practical detection scenes. Here, a unique optical nanoprobe with high sensitivity and anti-interference capability toward perchlorate is designed by exactly matching the FRET energy of the functionalized ligand with the green emission of the UCNPs. Benefiting from the design of specific recognition sites and the intrinsic superiority of the FRET mechanism, the nanoprobe demonstrates an ultralow detection limit of 1.

Precise Modulation of the π-Conjugated Bridge of Naphthalimide-Based Probes for High-Performance Fluorescent Sensing of HO.

The precise modulation of the π-conjugated bridge within a probe is of considerable importance for the development of reaction-based fluorescent probes endowed with specific functionalities. Here, a series of naphthalimide-based fluorescent probes with a fluorescence ratio and attenuated sensing properties for HO have been designed by precisely tuning the type of the π-conjugated bridge located between the boric acid recognizing the moiety and the naphthalimide fluorophore. The modulation of the π-conjugated bridge species mainly focused on three structural units, thiophene, benzene, and furan, among which the thiophene helped us to construct the most efficient naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe ()-(5-(((2-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzo[]isoquinolin-6-yl)imino)methyl)thiophen-2-yl)boronic acid (MOHB-IMTP).

A Single-Sector Higher Throughput Sedimentation Velocity Analytical Ultracentrifugation Method for Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Empty and Full Ratio Analysis.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has emerged as one of the most important gene delivery vectors in the field of gene therapy due to its unique advantages and characteristics. The empty and full ratio is a critical quality attribute in the quality control (QC) of rAAV, and its accurate evaluation is crucial for ensuring the safety, effectiveness, and consistency of gene therapy products. Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) technology, with its high resolution and accuracy, is widely recognized by the industry as the gold standard for identifying the empty and full ratio of rAAV.

Recognition Site Density Regulation of Schiff Base Organic Porous Polymers for Ultrasensitive and Specific Fluorescence Sensing toward Gaseous DCP.

Due to the severe interference from analogues such as hydrochloric acid, it is of great significance to establish a highly reliable technique to enhance the discrimination ability toward diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP). Here, based on the electrophilicity of DCP, a series of zero-background fluorescence Schiff base materials with different densities of C═N bonds as recognition sites were designed and synthesized by modulating the chain length. It is found that the increase of the C═N bond density and the specific surface area could improve the collision efficiency with DCP, thereby improving the response speed.

Perfluorooctanoic acid disrupts thyroid hormone biosynthesis by altering glycosylation of Na/I symporter in larval zebrafish.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a well-known thyroid disruptor that has been found to induce hypothyroidism. However, the exact molecular mechanism by which PFOA reduces thyroid hormone levels remains unclear. In this study, we have discovered that PFOA disrupts the glycosylation process of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), which inhibits the translocation of NIS onto the plasma membrane of thyroid follicular cells.

Triple-Standard Hypochlorite Quantitative Array Enabled by Precise Stokes Shift Modulation in D-π-A Chemodosimeters.

The rational design of the D-π-A chemodosimeter with a significant Stokes shift is of great importance for enhancing the visualization of optical sensing signals. Here, three D-π-A fluorescent chemodosimeters with 2-(3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethylfuran-2(5H)-ylidene) malononitrile (TCF) as the electron-withdrawing group are synthesized by precisely modulating the electron-releasing strength. By decreasing the ability of electron release, the electrophilicity of the recognition site is increased by 1.

Zero- Fluorescence Probe for Ultrasensitive and Specific Detection of Hydrazine by Regulating the Electron-Accepting Strength.

The introduction of an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process is of great significance for the design of zero-background fluorescent probes with specific functionalities. Here, based on the nucleophilic attack characteristics of NH, a series of BDMN-based probes with dicyanoethylene as the recognition site were designed by regulating the electron-accepting ability of -substituent of the dicyanoethylene and the relative position of the hydroxyl group and dicyanoethylene. It is found that a stronger electron-accepting capability could greatly improve the reactivity of the recognition site, and only when the hydroxyl group is in the -substituent of the recognition site, the probe could react with NH to generate hydrazone as a proton acceptor, producing the ESIPT process and the blue-green fluorescence emission.

Long-offset paired nicking-based efficient and precise strategy for in vivo targeted insertion.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based targeted insertion of DNA fragments holds great promise for gene therapy. However, designing highly efficient and precise integration of large DNA segments in somatic cells while avoiding unpredictable products remains challenging. Here, we devised a novel long-offset paired nicking target integration (LOTI) strategy, which enhances the capacity of Cas9 nickase (Cas9n) in targeted gene integration in somatic cells, yielding higher knock-in (KI) efficiency compared with classical nickase-based approaches.

The crosstalk of monocyte-neutrophil in hair follicles regulates neutrophil transepidermal migration in contact dermatitis.

The excessive accumulation of neutrophils within the epidermis is a significant hallmark of cutaneous diseases; however, the mechanisms governing neutrophil transepidermal migration (NTEM) remain inadequately understood. In this study, we develop trichromatic-fluorescence-labeled chimeric mice by utilizing Cx3cr1Lyz2 mice as bone marrow donors and Krt14 mice as recipients. This approach enables us to visualize the process of NTEM and the crosstalk between neutrophils and monocytes in a murine model of irritant contact dermatitis (ICD).

Carbonized polymer dots for discrimination of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol.

It is of great significance for the discrimination of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) from their analogues. Here, based on the electron-deficient properties of TNT and TNP, a series of o-phenylenediamine/polyethyleneimine carbonized polymer dots (OPD/PEI CPDs) with different densities and types of amine groups (-NH) on the surface were designed by modulating the ratio of the precursors OPD and PEI. The surface -NH group of OPD/PEI CPDs could form a Meisenheimer complex with TNT, triggering the Forster resonance energy transfer, while forming hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl in TNP, triggering the charge transfer and spectral overlap to produce photoinduced electron transfer accompanied with inner filter effect.

Research progress on the mechanism and markers of metabolic disorders in the occurrence and development of cognitive dysfunction after ischemic stroke.

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication following a stroke that significantly affects patients' quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes. It also imposes a heavy economic burden. There is an urgent need to better understand the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of PSCI, as well as to identify markers that can predict PSCI early in the clinical stage, facilitating early prevention, monitoring, and treatment.

Precise Electron-Withdrawing Strength Regulation of π-Conjugate Bridge-Boosted Specific Detection toward α-Methyltryptamine.

The specific fluorescent detection of α-methyltryptamine (AMT) presents a great challenge because similar amine groups and benzene rings exist in a variety of amines. Here, we show the precise modulation of the electron-withdrawing strength of the π-conjugate bridge in aldehyde-containing Schiff base-based fluorescent probes for ultratrace AMT discrimination. It is found that different electron-withdrawing groups -CH, -CHN, and -CHBr as the π-conjugate bridge of the 2-dicyanomethylidene-3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran (TCF)-based probes can classify and identify organic amines with different amine nucleophilicities.

Modulating and Imaging Macrophage Reprogramming for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy has made great progress in effectively attacking or eliminating cancer. However, the challenges posed by the low reactivity of some solid tumors still remain. Macrophages, as a key component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), play an important role in determining the progression of solid tumors due to their plasticity and heterogeneity.

Lignin valorization to bioplastics with an aromatic hub metabolite-based autoregulation system.

Exploring microorganisms with downstream synthetic advantages in lignin valorization is an effective strategy to increase target product diversity and yield. This study ingeniously engineers the non-lignin-degrading bacterium Ralstonia eutropha H16 (also known as Cupriavidus necator H16) to convert lignin, a typically underutilized by-product of biorefinery, into valuable bioplastic polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). The aromatic metabolism capacities of R.

Methodological Validation of Sedimentation Velocity Analytical Ultracentrifugation Method for Adeno-Associated Virus and Collaborative Calibration of System Suitability Substance.

Currently, adeno-associated virus (AAV) is one of the primary gene delivery vectors in gene therapy, facilitating long-term gene expression. Despite being imperative, it is incredibly challenging to precisely assess AAV particle distribution according to the sedimentation coefficient and identify impurities related to capsid structures. This study performed the systematic methodological validation of quantifying the AAV empty and full capsid ratio.

Towards a biomimetic cellular structure and physical morphology with liposome-encapsulated agarose sol systems.

The cytoplasm, serving as the primary hub of cellular metabolism, stands as a pivotal cornerstone for the harmonious progression of life. The ideal artificial cell should not only have a biomembrane structure system similar to that of a cell and the function of carrying genetic information, but also should have an intracellular environment. In this pursuit, we employed a method involving the incorporation of glycerol into agarose, resulting in the formation of agarose-glycerol mixed sol (AGs).

Early-life perfluorooctanoic acid exposure disrupts the function of dopamine transporter protein with glycosylation changes implicating the links between decreased dopamine levels and disruptive behaviors in larval zebrafish.

Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) during early embryonic development is associated with the increased risk of developmental neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral disorders in children. In our previous study, we demonstrated that exposure to PFOA affected locomotor activity and disrupted dopamine-related gene expression in zebrafish larvae. Consequently, we continue to study the dopaminergic system with a focus on dopamine levels and dopamine's effect on behaviors in relation to PFOA exposure.

Perfluorooctanoic acid disrupts thyroid-specific genes expression and regulation via the TSH-TSHR signaling pathway in thyroid cells.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a highly persistent and widespread chemical in the environment with endocrine disruption effects. Although it has been reported that PFOA can affect multiple aspects of thyroid function, the exact mechanism by which it reduces thyroxine levels has not yet been elucidated. In this study, FRTL-5 rat thyroid follicular cells were used as a model to study the toxicity of PFOA to the genes related to thyroid hormone synthesis and their regulatory network.

Development and internal validation of a practical model to predict 30 days mortality of severe acute pancreatitis patients.

Background: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a common disease in the intensive care unit (ICU) accompanied by high mortality, the purpose of this study was to build a prediction model for the 30 days mortality of SAP.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 149 patients with SAP after admission in 48 h to the ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2015 and December 2019. Clinical variables including gender, age, blood routine, and biochemical indicators were collected.

Precise Electron-Withdrawing Strength Modulation of ESIPT Probes for Ultrasensitive and Specific Fluorescence Sensing.

The precise regulation of the electron-withdrawing/electron-donating strength in a probe is of great significance for the design of reaction-based fluorescent probes with specific functionalities. Here, a family of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-based probes with fluorescence turn-on sensing properties toward KMnO was designed by precisely modulating the electron-withdrawing strength of the substituents located at the -position of the recognition group. It is found that -F, -CHO, and -H as the electron-withdrawing groups bound at the probe can specifically recognize KMnO, which ensures a blue emission displayed by the reaction products.