High-flux and anti-fouling membrane distillation membrane with VOC capture ability enabled by ZIF-8.

Seawater desalination and wastewater purification from brackish water, shale gas extraction, and industrial processes remain vital but challenging. Membrane distillation offers a promising solution yet struggles with low flux, membrane fouling, and the permeation of volatile organic compounds alongside water vapor. Here, we introduce an omniphobic ZIF-8 composite membrane that traps volatile organic compounds under vacuum through crystal phase transitions and enhances water evaporation via linkage swing within hydrophobic micropores.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of different growth factors in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers: an updated network meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different growth factors (GFs) in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) through a network meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing GFs with standard of care (SOC) or comparing different GFs for the treatment of DFU. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included literature according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Enhanced Gas Dissolution in Oxygenation.

Membrane-mediated gas-to-liquid mass transfer is crucial for chemical reactions and biological processes, yet low gas solubility in water limits exchange efficiency. To address this challenge, we leverage periodic, hydrophilic gradient nanochannels in highly oriented covalent organic framework (COF) membranes. These membranes exhibit a significantly higher oxygen dissolution rate than macroporous membranes with greater gas permeability, driven by nanoconfinement effects and increased liquid meniscus curvature, which reduce the hydrogen bond density and lower the oxygen-water binding energy.

Numerical Analysis of Load Reduction in the Gliding Process Achieved by the Bionic Swan's Webbed-Foot Structures.

Webbed-foot gliding water entry is a characteristic water-landing strategy employed by swans and other large waterfowls, demonstrating exceptional low-impact loading and remarkable motion stability. These distinctive biomechanical features offer significant potential for informing the design of cross-medium vehicles' (CMVs') water-entry systems. To analyze the hydrodynamic mechanisms and flow characteristics during swan webbed-foot gliding entry, the three-dimensional bionic webbed-foot water-entry process was investigated through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method coupled with global motion mesh (GMM) technology, with a particular emphasis on elucidating the regulatory effects of entry parameters on dynamic performance.

Neuroprotective liver portal area macrophages attenuate hepatic inflammation.

Tissue macrophages have an important role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis, and their functions are closely related to spatial localization. Here, through integration of whole liver lobe imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of CX3CR1 cells in the mouse liver, we identified a dense network of CX3CR1CD63 liver portal area macrophages (LPAMs) that exhibited transcriptional and spatial differences compared with CX3CR1CD207 liver capsular macrophages. The survival of LPAMs was dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R).

Design, Synthesis, and Insecticidal Activities of Imidazo[4,5-b]Pyridine Compounds Containing Amino Fragment.

In order to develop new insecticides to solve the problem of pests, a series of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine compounds containing amino fragments were synthesized and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR), carbon-13 NMR (C NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The preliminary bioassay result indicated that most of the synthesized compounds exhibited excellent insecticidal activities against Nilaparvate lugens and Mythimna separata. Especially, 5-(ethylsulfonyl)-6-(3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl)-N-(4-methylbenzyl)pyridin-2-amine (8n) exhibited 46.

Design of a Superhydrophobic Photothermal Shape-Memory Material Based on Carbon-Nanotubes-Doped Resin for Anti-Icing/De-Icing Applications.

Icing on power lines and wings can cause serious economic damage and safety hazards. While superhydrophobic materials show promise for anti-icing applications, their passive anti-icing mechanisms require external energy activation, highlighting the need for the development of active de-icing materials with energy-to-heat conversion capabilities. Here, we developed three photothermal superhydrophobic shape-memory polymers with anti-icing performance (PSSPs), with 3%, 5%, and 7% CNT doping ratios, through a two-step process: resin preparation and laser-processing modification.

Unique Bioinspired Nanowire Structures for Dual-Modal Optoelectronic Electronic Skin.

As initial basic applications expand into more complex and diverse fields, including prosthesis, the metaverse, and information encryption, the diversification, multifunctionality, and customization of electronic skin (e-skin) have increasingly become prominent research trends. However, most e-skins focus on achieving higher performance and a broader response range, lacking functionality and mode customization options. Here, a mode designable bioinspired e-skin is reported, utilizing a mechanical strategy combined with interface assembly technology, and achieving the integration of optical and electrical sensing capabilities in single functional material.

Porous biodegradable biomass composites based on cationic starch and plant fibers.

The development of eco-friendly, lightweight, and biodegradable composite materials using starch and plant fibers as raw materials to replace petroleum-based plastics has been a major research focus in the field of green materials. However, the foaming process of biomass materials is significantly affected by starch viscosity, as the inherently low viscosity of native corn starch (NS) restricts bubble growth. In this study, cationic starch (CS) was synthesized using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC).

Accuracy and time efficiency of deep learning-based three-dimensional crown segmentation on intraoral scanning: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Clinically, accurate tooth segmentation in intraoral scans is vital for clinical diagnosis and treatments. Deep learning is utilized for image segmentation in mesh segmentation such as intraoral scans lately. This review and meta-analysis aimed to present evidence regarding the accuracy of deep learning-based tooth segmentation in intraoral scanning and assess its time-effectiveness.

The Role of PAX7 in Breast Cancer Prognosis and Its Mechanistic Involvement in the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway.

Breast cancer significantly affects women's lives globally. While PAX7 (Paired Box 7), a regulatory protein linked to muscle growth, has been connected to various cancers, its role in breast cancer is not well understood. This study explores PAX7's significance in breast cancer and its mechanisms.

Actuator Structure Design for Flexible Photothermal-Electric Device and Multifunctional Self-Powered Sensor.

Flexible photothermal-electric devices hold great promise for applications such as solar energy conversion and wearable electronics, thanks to their ability to generate green energy, sense temperature, and enhance wearing comfort. However, creating sufficient temperature gradients for optimal power generation along with high-performance multifunctional sensing capabilities remains a significant challenge. In this study, we demonstrate a flexible photothermal-electric device with an exceptional temperature gradient created by a thermal actuator through light-induced thermal deformation.

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of hepatotoxic effects of Venenum Bufonis in zebrafish.

Background: Venenum Bufonis (VB), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is renowned for its therapeutic detoxification, pain relief, and cognitive enhancement effects. VB has been classified as a toxic TCM in medical literature, and its clinical usage is currently subject to several limitations. However, the toxicological characteristics of VB and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on 2D Conductive and High-Dielectric Material Heterostructures for Self-Powered Digital Medicine Applications.

With the accelerating advancement of health monitoring and intelligent motion detection technologies, wearable flexible sensors have emerged as indispensable tools for real-time human activity monitoring. Self-powered systems centered on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which obviate the requirement for external power sources, have garnered substantial attention. However, attaining both high electrical performance and mechanical flexibility persists as a pivotal challenge.

Long-offset paired nicking-based efficient and precise strategy for in vivo targeted insertion.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based targeted insertion of DNA fragments holds great promise for gene therapy. However, designing highly efficient and precise integration of large DNA segments in somatic cells while avoiding unpredictable products remains challenging. Here, we devised a novel long-offset paired nicking target integration (LOTI) strategy, which enhances the capacity of Cas9 nickase (Cas9n) in targeted gene integration in somatic cells, yielding higher knock-in (KI) efficiency compared with classical nickase-based approaches.

Enhanced biodegradability, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis of Zn-Li alloys through calcium plasma immersion ion implantation.

Biodegradable zinc alloys are a promising research focus for bone implants due to their excellent bioactivity and mechanical properties, but the slow biodegradation rate and poor osseointegration limit their clinical application. In this study, calcium (Ca) ions were implanted into the surface of Zn-0.1Li alloys to improve their biodegradable, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties via the plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) technique.

The crosstalk of monocyte-neutrophil in hair follicles regulates neutrophil transepidermal migration in contact dermatitis.

The excessive accumulation of neutrophils within the epidermis is a significant hallmark of cutaneous diseases; however, the mechanisms governing neutrophil transepidermal migration (NTEM) remain inadequately understood. In this study, we develop trichromatic-fluorescence-labeled chimeric mice by utilizing Cx3cr1Lyz2 mice as bone marrow donors and Krt14 mice as recipients. This approach enables us to visualize the process of NTEM and the crosstalk between neutrophils and monocytes in a murine model of irritant contact dermatitis (ICD).

Structural determination, immunomodulatory activity, and antitumor activity of a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide extracted from Lepista sordida.

In this study, the isolation and purification of Lepista sordida polysaccharides (LS-P) were conducted, followed by an in-depth investigation of structural features and biological functions. The findings demonstrated that the backbone of LS-P comprised (1 → 6)-Glcp, (1 → 4)-D-Galp, (1 → 4)-D-Glcp, (1 → 6)-Galp, and (1 → 4,6)-Glcp, with the side chains primarily composed of terminal →2)-α-D-Glcp. The ratio of glucose to galactose was 8: 5.

Red-emitting fluorescent probe with excellent water solubility for the in situ monitoring of endogenous HS in wheat under salt and Al stress.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a pivotal signaling molecule in plants and appropriate levels are essential for normal growth. As such the real-time detection of HS in plants is required since it enables timely targeted interventions. However, most fluorescent probes for detecting HS reported to date exhibit fluorescence quenching in aqueous solution thereby significantly constraining their potential for in vivo applications.

An Optimization Generator of Synthetic DNA Fragments for the Rational Design of Environmental Tracers.

Chemically synthesized DNA fragments are increasingly recognized as highly valuable tracers for investigating environmental pollution due to their inherent high specificity, sequence diversity, environmental friendliness, stable migration, and high detection sensitivity, outperforming traditional ion and dye tracers. Despite their advantages, a systematic approach for generating suitable DNA sequences, which is a critical requirement for preparing DNA tracers, remains not fully developed. This study introduces an optimization generator of synthetic DNA sequences guided by seven principles, which enables the concurrent generation of multiple sequences with enhanced stability, specificity, and detectability.

Fabrication of CMC-PVA-EGDE hydrogels for maintaining overall postharvest quality of small-size packaged straw mushroom.

The last-mile shipping or storage with a small-size and easy-carrying package from the distribution centers/retail markets to the customer's kitchens is a key issue to provide the fresh products for consumers. In the present study, a CMC-PVA-EGDE hydrogel with excellent transparency, highest swelling ratio value of 1011 % and complete shape recovery after dehydration was prepared by using 5 % of CMC, 1 % of PVA and 5 % of EGDE as a crosslinking agent. The prepared CMC-PVA-EGDE hydrogel with 80 % of water content maintained a high relative humidity of 92 % by absorbing and slowly-releasing the moisture in the small-size package and guaranteed the overall postharvest quality of the small-size packaged straw mushrooms to 4 d.

Complete response of gallbladder cancer treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy combined with durvalumab: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of biliary tract cancer (BTC) and has a poor prognosis. A newly developed regimen of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and durvalumab shows promise for the treatment of advanced BTC. However, the efficacy of this treatment for GBC remains unclear.

A Systematic Review of Research Patterns and Trends in Early Childhood Education Teacher Well-Being from 1993 to 2023: A Trajectory Landscape.

This current systematic review of research represents an attempt to unveil a descriptive picture of the evolving state of the body of knowledge about the well-being of early childhood education (ECE) teachers over 31 years from 1993 to 2023. In this review, 167 articles selected from SCOPUS are analysed using a descriptive quantitative approach. The analysis shows that quantitative research methods and empirical research are predominant in this field.

Earth-Based Transmitters Trigger Precipitation of Inner Radiation Belt Electrons: Unveiling Observations and Modeling Results.

Human activity influence Earth's environment, including the space environment hundreds to thousands of kilometers above the Earth. One direct evidence is that the 19.8 kHz electromagnetic signals launched by the North West Cape (NWC) transmitter station in Australia produce a wisp-like energy distribution of precipitating energetic electrons in Earth's inner radiation belt, observed by many Low Earth Orbiting satellites.

Tripartite motif-containing protein 50 suppresses triple-negative breast cancer progression by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Background And Objectives: Tripartite motif-containing protein 50 (TRIM50) is a recently discovered E3 ubiquitin ligase that participates in tumor progression. TRIM50 is overexpressed in many cancers, although few studies focused on TRIM50's role in breast cancer.

Methods: We overexpressed TRIM50 in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines using plasmid and found that TRIM50 upregulation markedly reduced breast cancer cell proliferation, clone formation, and migration, as well as promoted breast cancer cell apoptosis.