Towards quantitative ionizing radiation acoustic imaging (iRAI) for radiation dose measurement: Validation from simulations to experiments.

Background: In clinical radiation therapy (RT), accurately quantifying the delivered radiation dose to the targeted tumors and surrounding tissues is essential for evaluating treatment outcomes. Ionizing radiation acoustic imaging (iRAI), a novel passive and non-invasive imaging technique, has the potential to provide real-time in vivo radiation dose mapping during RT. However, current iRAI technology does not account for spatial variations in the detection sensitivity of the ultrasound transducer used to capture the iRAI signals, leading to significant errors in dose mapping.

Wide temperature range adaptable electric field driven binder for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries.

Stable operation over wide temperature ranges is still a great challenge for lithium-sulfur batteries facing actual operating environments. Electrocatalysis is an effective strategy to address the sluggish reaction kinetics of lithium polysulfides at low temperatures and exacerbated shuttling effect at high temperatures; however, its practicality is still restricted by the structural stability of the support electrodes. In this work, a binder with wide temperature range adaptability is designed with a structure-modulated stable electrocatalytic mechanism, which can achieve effective adsorption and accelerated conversion of lithium polysulfides, and high-temperature self-repair and low-temperature internal support of electrodes.

Comparison of Heart Failure Cardiogenic Shock patients with Axillary and Femoral Intra-aortic Balloon Pump: A CSWG report.

Objective: To describe the outcomes of patients receiving axillary (Ax) IABP and compare with those receiving Femoral (Fem) IABP for heart failure related cardiogenic shock (HF-CS).

Background: IABPs are traditionally placed via the femoral artery. Single center studies have shown the utility of axillary placement to promote ambulation.

Outcomes with Impella CP in Acute Myocardial Infarction versus Heart Failure Cardiogenic Shock: Insights from the Cardiogenic Shock Working Group.

Purpose: Impella CP (Abiomed, Danvers, MA) microaxial flow pumps are commonly used in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF) cardiogenic shock (CS). Contemporary data from large, unselected populations are needed to understand differences between these groups.

Methods: The Cardiogenic Shock Working Group (CSWG) registry enrolls patients with CS at 36 international sites.

CSWG-SCAI Stages Combined With Machine Learning-Based Phenotypes for Serial Risk Stratification in Cardiogenic Shock.

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) severity can be defined by the SCAI (Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions) stages (A to E), or machine learning-based phenotypes (I: noncongested, II: cardiorenal, III: cardiometabolic).

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate sequential applicability and prognostic relevance of combining SCAI stages and ML-based phenotypes for risk stratification of patients with CS.

Methods: The authors retrospectively applied both classification systems at 6- to 12-hour intervals for the first 72 hours to patients from the multicenter CSWG (Cardiogenic Shock Working Group) registry.

Solid-Liquid Metal Single-Atom Clusters for Ultrafast Kinetics in Fast-Charging Na-Ion Batteries.

Na desolvation and diffusion rates are determining steps that restrict fast charging in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Although desolvation and diffusion rates can be improved by the optimization of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), no existing architecture has achieved simultaneous rapid ion transport across the bulk phase, interphase, and solvent phase while maintaining 100% initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE). Specifically, we report an atomic-level strategy derived from recyclable materials that uniformly coordinates diverse single-atom alloying reactions to enable the assembly of solid-liquid single-atom channels for rapid ion transport across multiphase systems.

ACSS2/AATF Drives Soluble FasL-Mediated CD8 T Cell Apoptosis in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Besides the traditional carbon sources, Acetyl coenzyme A has recently been shown to be generated from acetate in various cancers, which subsequently promotes tumor growth and immune escape. However, the mechanism of Acetyl coenzyme A availability in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) remains largely unknown. Herein, the metabolic-epigenetic modification driven by acetyl coenzyme A synthase 2 (ACSS2) and its effect on the Fas/FasL system in PNETs is investigated.

Clinical outcomes of cardiogenic shock patients supported with VA-ECMO: Insights from the Cardiogenic Shock Working Group.

Background: Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) use for cardiogenic shock (CS) is increasing worldwide despite conflicting results from randomized trials, which focused on myocardial infarction-related CS (MI-CS).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the Cardiogenic Shock Working Group multicenter registry to assess outcomes in CS in those supported with VA-ECMO. Continuous variables were presented as mean±SD or median+IQR for normal/non-normal distributions.

Enhancing Wide-Temperature Performance of Lithium Batteries with a LiFSI-KFSI Dual-Salt Electrolyte.

The synergistic combination of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF) and multicomponent carbonates extends the low-temperature liquid range and enhances electrolyte performance at subambient temperatures. However, the solvation structure dominated by solvent-separated ion pairs (SSIPs), along with poor lithium deposition, sluggish intercalation kinetics, and limited thermal stability, hinder further application over a wide temperature range. Herein, a dual-salt electrolyte comprising lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) is developed to tailor solvation chemistry and improve interfacial kinetics.

Ionizing radiation acoustic and ultrasound dual-modality imaging for visualization of dose on anatomical structures during radiotherapy.

The aim of this study is to visualize the radiation dose on anatomical structures during radiation therapy (RT) by mapping radiation dose deposition and tracking anatomical structures simultaneously. A dual-modality volumetric imaging system, which combines ionizing radiation acoustic imaging (iRAI) and ultrasound (US) imaging, was developed to provide dose deposition and anatomical information in real-time during RT. The performance of the proposed system was first evaluated via experiments on tissue-mimicking phantoms driven by a custom motion stage.

Neuroprotective liver portal area macrophages attenuate hepatic inflammation.

Tissue macrophages have an important role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis, and their functions are closely related to spatial localization. Here, through integration of whole liver lobe imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of CX3CR1 cells in the mouse liver, we identified a dense network of CX3CR1CD63 liver portal area macrophages (LPAMs) that exhibited transcriptional and spatial differences compared with CX3CR1CD207 liver capsular macrophages. The survival of LPAMs was dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R).

Molecular Engineering of Polymer Brushes Enables Lithium-Sulfur Battery Stable Operation under Ultra-Wide Temperature Range.

Achieving stable operation under a wide temperature range is a critical target for the practical applications of lithium-sulfur batteries. However, intense lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttling at high-temperature, sluggish sulfur species conversion, and inhomogeneous Li deposition at low-temperature severely impair the cycle lifespan of batteries. Herein, the multifunctional polymer brushes are fabricated by grafting anthraquinone-functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate) brushes on graphene surfaces (G-pGMAAQ) to simultaneously regulate the evolution of sulfur and lithium species.

Self-Thermoregulating Polymer Electrolytes Enabling Intrinsic Safety in High-Energy Lithium Metal Batteries.

The pursuit of safe lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with ultrahigh energy density is fundamentally challenged by thermal runaway risks. This study proposes a thermal management strategy through the rational design of a multifunctional gel polymer electrolyte (PPW@GPE). By engineering phase change materials (paraffin wax) within flame-retardant PPBES copolymer matrices via coaxial electrospinning, a self-regulating separator with a dual-phase thermal response is constructed.

Decoupling Self-Matching Effect Between Cathode and Anode in Hybrid Electrochemical Capacitors.

Hybrid electrochemical capacitors (HECs) are advanced energy storage devices that offer high energy density, high power density, and long cycle life by integrating the energy storage mechanisms of both batteries and supercapacitors. The electrochemical coupling resulting from the cathode-anode kinetic differences severely restricts the accuracy of predicting the performance of HECs based on electrode performance. However, no general method can decouple the effects of cathode-anode kinetics matching on electrochemical performance by integrating electrochemical coupling from an electrochemical perspective.

Outcomes With Femoral IABP in Heart Failure and Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiogenic Shock.

Background: Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) insertion has not been shown to improve mortality rates in acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) but is increasingly used in heart failure-related cardiogenic shock (HF-CS).

Objective: We sought to compare IABP-related outcomes in patients with HF-CS and AMI-CS.

Methods: The Cardiogenic Shock Working Group registry was queried for patients with CS receiving femoral IABPs as the first temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) device.

Dynamic Migration-Pulling Polymer Electrolyte Design Strategy for Low-Temperature Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Quasi-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries exhibit significant promise as safe, high-energy electrochemical storage technology, yet their performance remains constrained by polysulfide accumulation and exacerbated shuttle effects due to sluggish redox kinetics and inefficient charge transport. Here, a dynamic migration-pulling strategy is proposed to accelerate polysulfide redox kinetics by dynamically restructuring the solvated structure of Li, which is validated on a GPE incorporating boronic ester dynamic covalent bonds and polar side chains (BE-GPE). Theoretical calculations and experiments revealed that the desolvation barrier for Li is significantly reduced, while the ligand groups were pulled out from the solvated shell assisted by the migration of dynamic covalent bonds.

Utilization and Outcomes of Temporary Percutaneous Right Ventricular Assist Devices in Cardiogenic Shock.

Acute right ventricular failure (RVF) is a common finding in cardiogenic shock (CS), yet the optimal method of supporting the failing RV remains unclear. This study aimed to describe CS patients receiving percutaneous right ventricular assist devices (pRVADs) using the multicenter Cardiogenic Shock Working Group (CSWG) registry. Among 6,201 patients with CS, 152 (2.

Interface Engineered Electrolyte Design Strategy for Ultralong-Cycle Solid-State Lithium Batteries Over Wide Temperature Range.

Achieving stable operation under a wide temperature range is the direction of development for the practical application of solid-state lithium batteries. However, the suboptimal ionic conductive properties exhibited by the electrolyte, the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites due to the deposition of inhomogeneous Li and the potential safety hazards caused by unstable interfaces have seriously affected the cycle life of the battery at extreme temperatures. Herein, a fluoropolymer-containing plastic-crystal-based electrolyte (FPCE) has been developed by means of a structural engineering process, with the objective of optimizing the solid electrolyte interface (SEI).

Long-offset paired nicking-based efficient and precise strategy for in vivo targeted insertion.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based targeted insertion of DNA fragments holds great promise for gene therapy. However, designing highly efficient and precise integration of large DNA segments in somatic cells while avoiding unpredictable products remains challenging. Here, we devised a novel long-offset paired nicking target integration (LOTI) strategy, which enhances the capacity of Cas9 nickase (Cas9n) in targeted gene integration in somatic cells, yielding higher knock-in (KI) efficiency compared with classical nickase-based approaches.

Assembly mechanism of the β-carboxysome shell mediated by the chaperone CcmS.

Carboxysomes are self-assembled bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) that encapsulate the enzymes RuBisCO and carbonic anhydrase into a proteinaceous shell, enhancing the efficiency of photosynthetic carbon fixation. The chaperone CcmS was reported to participate in the assembly of β-carboxysomes; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. We report the crystal structure of CcmS from Synechocystis sp.

Pentose phosphate recycling driven by Gli1 contributes to chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells.

The Hedgehog Signaling Pathway plays an important role in cancer development and chemotherapy resistance. However, whether the pathway functions depend on the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells has not been well studied. In this study, we found that the expression level of Gli1, a key transcription factor downstream of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway, is significantly increased in patients with pancreatic cancer resistant to gemcitabine neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

[ Pills improves depression-like behavior in rats by regulating neurotransmitters, inhibiting inflammation and oxidation and modulating intestinal flora].

Objectives: To explore the bioactive components in Pills (JWXYP) and their mechanisms for alleviating depression-like behaviors.

Methods: The active compounds, key targets, and pathways of JWXYP were identified using TCMSP and TCMIP databases. Thirty-six SD rats were randomized equally into 6 groups including a control group and 5 chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression groups.

Acyl-CoA thioesterase 8 induces gemcitabine resistance via regulation of lipid metabolism and antiferroptotic activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) comprises a group of highly malignant tumors of the pancreas. Metabolic reprogramming in tumors plays a pivotal role in promoting cancer progression. However, little is known about the metabolic alterations in tumors that drive cancer drug resistance in patients with PDAC.

Zwitterionic Polymer Binder Networks with Structural Locking and Ionic Regulation Functions for High Performance Silicon Anodes.

The silicon anode suffers from significant volume expansion, low electrical conductivity, and poor long-term cycling performance, which collectively limit its potential to replace graphite as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries. In this article, a PAA-p(HEA-SBMA) binder was prepared by an in situ thermal cross-linking method, which combines strong mechanical properties and excellent reaction kinetics. The synergy of covalent bonding, dynamic hydrogen bonding, and ionic interactions in the binder structure provides excellent mechanical strength, which effectively dissipates stresses and "locks" the entire structure.