Identifying subtypes of longitudinal motor symptom severity trajectories in early Parkinson's disease patients.

Background: Motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients affect their ability of daily activities. Identifying distinct trajectories of motor symptom progression in PD patients can facilitate long-term management.

Methods: A total of 155 PD patients were acquired from the Parkinson's Disease Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI).

Associations of PFOA and PFOS Exposure with Liver Injury: Evidence from the Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort, NHANES 2003-2018, and Integrative Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are representatives of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that could persist in the environment and concentrated in animal livers. However, epidemiological studies on the associations of PFOA/PFOS exposure with liver injury in women are limited, with mechanisms not fully understood. This study aimed to clarify these associations and explore possible mechanisms.

Short-term respiratory cadmium exposure causes pulmonary function decline accompanied by upregulation of sphingolipid synthesis in mouse lungs.

Cadmium (Cd) is a respiratory toxicant. Previous reports have confirmed that chronic respiratory Cd exposure causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-like lesions in a murine model. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of short-term Cd exposure on lung function.

Association between paramyosin and the heat-induced toughening of adductor muscle in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas).

Background: The phenomenon of increased toughness of adductor muscle of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) during heat treatment considerably impacts their palatability. Thus, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the relationship between the adductor muscle proteins and observed toughness.

Results: During heat treatment with boiling, the smooth muscle exhibited greater difficulty in detaching from the shell compared to the striated muscle, indicating more pronounced toughness.

Integrative Analysis of Key Signalling Pathways in Neural Tube Defects: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies.

Neural tube defects (NTDs), such as anencephaly and spina bifida, are prevalent congenital anomalies of the central nervous system. These defects can give rise to severe lifelong disabilities and incur substantial healthcare expenses for the affected individuals. The occurrence of NTDs is caused by multiple factors, including molecular regulatory mechanisms and environmental factors.

Influence of Fiber Aspect Ratio and CPAM on Bubble Dynamics and Rheology in Bagasse Suspensions.

A critical gap remains in understanding how fiber rheological properties govern bubble dynamics within suspensions, which is a key factor in fiber-based foam formation and performance. This study systematically explores the effects of bagasse fibrillated fiber (BFF) aspect ratio, concentration, and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) addition on suspension rheology and bubble behavior. BFF was prepared using an ultrafine grinder, followed by centrifugal fractionation to obtain fibers with controlled aspect ratios.

Multimodal dynamic hierarchical clustering model for post-stroke cognitive impairment prediction.

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common and debilitating consequence of stroke that often arises from complex interactions between diverse brain alterations. The accurate early prediction of PSCI is critical for guiding personalized interventions. However, existing methods often struggle to capture complex structural disruptions and integrate multimodal information effectively.

Impacts of climate change and human activities on net primary productivity of vegetation in Ningxia, Northwest China.

This study aimed to quantitatively distinguish the contributions of climate change and human activities to net primary productivity (NPP). Based on meteorological observation data from 27 ground-based meteorological observation stations in Ningxia from 2000 to 2022 and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, we examined the spatiotemporal variations of potential net primary productivity (PNPP), actual net primary productivity (ANPP), and human-induced net primary productivity change (HNPP). The Thornthwaite Memorial model and the improved Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model, as well as Theil-Sen slope estimation, Mann-Kendall trend test, Hurst index, and partial correlation analysis were used.

Therapeutic Prospects of Ursolic Acid in Colorectal Cancer: Modulation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Gut Microbiota Composition.

This investigation is designed to delineate the antineoplastic properties of ursolic acid against colorectal cancer and to elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms, including its influence on gut microbiota homeostasis as assessed by alpha/beta diversity and functional profiling. The study initially treated HCT116 and SW480 colorectal cancer cell lines with ursolic acid at concentrations ranging from 0 to 90 μM to evaluate its impact on cell proliferation. Building on this, the researchers re-exposed the colorectal cancer cells to ursolic acid at 5 μM, 10 μM, and 20 μM for 24 h to comprehensively assess its effects on key cellular processes such as migration, colony formation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation.

Recapitulating dengue virus infection with human pluripotent stem cell-derived liver organoids for antiviral screening.

Dengue virus (DENV) poses a major global health threat, affecting an estimated 100 to 400 million people annually. The infection and pathogenesis remain incompletely understood, and no antiviral drug is currently approved for DENV treatment. Here, we develop a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived liver organoid (hPLO) model to characterize DENV infection and screen for antivirals.

An Autonomous Localization Vest System Based on Advanced Adaptive PDR with Binocular Vision Assistance.

Despite significant advancements in indoor navigation technology over recent decades, it still faces challenges due to excessive dependency on external infrastructure and unreliable positioning in complex environments. This paper proposes an autonomous localization system that integrates advanced adaptive pedestrian dead reckoning (APDR) and binocular vision, designed to provide a low-cost, high-reliability, and high-precision solution for rescuers. By analyzing the characteristics of measurement data from various body parts, the chest is identified as the optimal placement for sensors.

Enhanced Generalizability of RNA Secondary Structure Prediction via Convolutional Block Attention Network and Ensemble Learning.

The determination of RNA secondary structure (RSS) could help understand RNA's functional mechanisms, guiding the design of RNA-based therapeutics, and advancing synthetic biology applications. However, traditional methods such as NMR for determining RSS are typically time-consuming and labor-intensive. As a result, the accurate prediction of RSS remains a fundamental yet unmet need in RNA research.

Identification of the prognostic effect of mitophagy-related genes in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Mitophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), yet its precise molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Understanding the roles of mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) may provide new insights into AML classification, prognosis, and therapeutic response.

Methods: We analyzed 72 MRGs using three independent AML datasets (TCGA-LAML, GSE24395, and GSE146173).

Anti-inflammatory therapy for tendinopathy using mRNA encapsulated in SM102 lipid nanoparticles.

Tendinopathy treatment is hindered by persistent inflammation and irreversible matrix degradation, with current therapies offering transient symptom relief without addressing disease progression. Here, we developed an mRNA-based anti-inflammatory strategy utilizing SM102 lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver interleukin-1 receptor antagonist () mRNA for tendon repair. SM102-LNPs demonstrated efficient transfection of primary tendon stem cells, sustaining IL-1RA protein expression for over 72 h and neutralizing IL-1β-induced inflammatory cascades.

Dietary Pattern of Garlic and Risk of Chronic Diseases: Evidence From Three Large-Scale Cohorts.

Background: Understanding the relationship between garlic and chronic diseases could help to improve prevention and reduce the burden of diseases. This study aimed to examine the association between garlic consumption and the risk of chronic diseases.

Methods: We included 26,524 participants from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) with data of the frequency of garlic consumption, 7658 participants from the Xinjiang multiethnic cohort (XMC) study with data of garlic intake, and 141,684 participants from the UK Biobank (UKBB) with data of the preference for garlic.

Cellulase-friendly dual-functional deep eutectic solvents for enhancing reactivity of dissolving pulp to produce cellulose acetate.

High-quality dissolving pulp is essential for cellulose acetate (CA) production. However, the inherent stability of existing dissolving pulp significantly impedes chemical penetration, posing a huge challenge. Here, a novel deep eutectic solvent (DES)-assisted endoglucanase-enriched cellulase (EG) process is developed to enhance the pulp reactivity, facilitating the production of acetate-grade dissolving pulp.

Association Between Serum Advanced Glycation End Products and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: A 3-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study (2019-2022).

Background: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome begins with obesity and glucose abnormalities, advancing to cardiovascular and kidney complications. This study investigates the relationship of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with CKM syndrome staging and transition patterns.

Methods: This 3-year longitudinal study (2019-2022) of 1264 adults identified five CKM trajectory groups: Group 1 (stable low-risk, 6.

Mitochondrial dysfunction-associated cellular senescence is partially involved in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

Accumulating data demonstrate that bleomycin (BLM), a clinically used antineoplastic drug, induces pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study was carried out for the purpose of evaluating the effect of mitochondrial dysfunction-associated senescence on BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation on lower limb motor function in stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation(iTBS) on lower limb motor function in stroke patients.

Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and SinoMed from their inception to 23 November 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, assessed quality, and extracted data.

Prevalence and factors influencing HIV testing behavior in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among adolescents and young adults (10-25 years old), providing a reference for optimizing testing strategies and supporting the global goal of eliminating HIV as a public health threat.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) recommendations. To assess the prevalence and factors influencing HIV testing among adolescents and young adults, databases were searched up to April 19, 2025.

Mesaconic acid as a key metabolite with anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties produced by Lactobacillus plantarum 124 from centenarian gut microbiota.

The gut microbiota of centenarians plays a vital role in promoting healthy longevity. We performed a cross-sectional study of 224 people from Jiaoling, China, which is globally recognised for the longevity of its residents. Compared with younger people, centenarians showed significantly increased alpha-diversity, enrichment of the beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, and Christensenella, and increased redox capacity in the gut microbiota.

Nose-to-brain delivery of biomineralized silk fibroin nanoparticles synergistically extinguish neuroinflammation for efficient depressive-like symptoms alleviation.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a prevalent psychiatric health problem with typically neuroinflammation and microglial overactivation. Efficiently delivering therapeutic medications across the blood-brain barrier for neuroinflammation depletion remains currently unavailable. Hence, we developed the biomineralized silk fibroin nanoparticles (CaSF@TB) for intranasal delivery of tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside and berberine to target the brain in addressing depressive disorders.

Paeoniflorin improves atherosclerosis by regulating the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease and a key factor in cardiovascular disease. Paeoniflorin (PF), a monomer component extracted from red and white paeony roots, has been used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. ApoE mice fed a high-fat diet were randomly divided into a model group, a PF treatment group, a positive control group, and a control group fed a non-high-fat diet.

Obesity-associated macrophages dictate adipose stem cell ferroptosis and visceral fat dysfunction by propagating mitochondrial fragmentation.

Morbid obesity induces adipose stem cell (ASC) shortage that impairs visceral adipose tissue (VAT) homeostasis. Macrophages cooperate with ASCs to regulate VAT metabolism, their impact on ASC shortage remains elusive. TNF-α-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) is an important regulator in immune cells, its expression in VAT macrophages and function in macrophage-ASC crosstalk are largely unknown.