Local photocrosslinking of native tissue matrix regulates lung epithelial cell mechanosensing and function.

Within most tissues, the extracellular microenvironment provides mechanical cues that guide cell fate and function. Changes in the extracellular matrix such as aberrant deposition, densification and increased crosslinking are hallmarks of late-stage fibrotic diseases that often lead to organ dysfunction. Biomaterials have been widely used to mimic the mechanical properties of the fibrotic matrix and study pathophysiologic cell function.

Natural Polyphenol-Functionalized Schwann Cell-Derived Exosomes as a Temporal Neuromodulation Strategy for Diabetic Periodontitis Therapy.

An interactive bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes poses great challenges for the treatment of diabetic periodontitis in clinical practice. The hyperglycemic inflammatory periodontal microenvironment is characterized by oxidative damage, chronic invasive infection, excessive inflammation, unbalanced immunomodulation, progressive neuropathy, diabetic vasculopathy, and uncoupled bone resorption and formation responses. The neuromodulation strategy holds great potential to mediate and coordinate temporally the complex microenvironment for diabetic periodontal regeneration.

Evolutionary patterns and future perspectives of joint replacement in arthritis patients: a comprehensive analysis of findings over the past decades.

Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively review the current research status and trends of joint replacement for arthritis patients worldwide.

Methods: Literature related to joint replacement for arthritis patients from 2004 to 2024 was extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. A systematic qualitative and quantitative analysis of these publications was conducted.

Microenvironment-Responsive Injectable Microspheres for Osteoarthritis Treatment via Oxidative Stress Inhibition and Sustained Lubrication.

Oxidative stress imbalance and inadequate lubrication are the primary symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), and they are also significant factors contributing to the progression of OA. Herein, an injectable hydrogel microsphere designed is presented to mitigate the progression of OA, comprising gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA), 3-acrylamide-phenylboronic acid (3-AAPBA), chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs), and naringin (Nar). Specifically, positively charged ChNCs facilitated adhesion of microspheres to cartilage and enhanced their lubrication function.

The combination of dietary active dry yeast and improves productive performance, egg quality, and immunity of aged breeder hens.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with active dry yeast (ADY) alone or in combination with (BS) on physiological parameters (laying performance, egg quality, blood indexes), reproductive traits, ileum microbiome, metabolome, and uterine gene expression in aged breeder hens. A total of 336 Hy-line brown layer hens aged 55 weeks were randomly assigned to three groups using a completely randomized design: control group (Con, basal diet), ADY group (1 g ADY/kg diet), and ADY-BS combination group ([1 g ADY + 0.1 g BS]/kg diet).

Construction and validation of a necroptosis-related lncRNA signature for predicting the prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Background: Given the high incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, along with the lack of effective prognostic markers, this study aimed to construct a prognostic signature to identify high-risk patients facilitate precision medicine, and ultimately improve patient outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed transcriptomic data for COAD, ESCA, READ, and STAD from the TCGA and GTEx databases. Using co-expression analysis, Cox regression, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, we developed a necroptosis-related lncRNA signature, termed the Necro-lnc score.

Total Ionizing Dose Effect Simulation Modeling and Analysis for a DCAP Power Chip.

In this paper, a systematic study on performance degradation of a 0.18 μm BCD-process DCAP (Direct connection to the output CAPacitor) power chip under a total-dose radiation environment is carried out. The effects of total-dose radiation on the electrical characteristics of an MOS device are analyzed through device-level simulation.

Enhanced Generalizability of RNA Secondary Structure Prediction via Convolutional Block Attention Network and Ensemble Learning.

The determination of RNA secondary structure (RSS) could help understand RNA's functional mechanisms, guiding the design of RNA-based therapeutics, and advancing synthetic biology applications. However, traditional methods such as NMR for determining RSS are typically time-consuming and labor-intensive. As a result, the accurate prediction of RSS remains a fundamental yet unmet need in RNA research.

Large-scale single-cell profiling of stem cells identifies redundant regulators of shoot development and yield trait variation.

Plant shoot stem cells generate organs essential for food, feed, and biofuels. However, plant single-cell analyses struggled to capture these rare cells or to detect stem cell regulators like CLAVATA3 and WUSCHEL. Here, we dissected stem cell-enriched shoot tissues from maize and Arabidopsis for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and we optimized protocols to recover thousands of CLAVATA3- and WUSCHEL-expressing cells.

Strategies to Overcome PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Resistance: Focusing on Combination with Immune Checkpoint Blockades.

In recent years, immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) have made rapid progress in the field of cancer treatment, providing significant therapeutic effects and survival benefits, especially in patients with advanced refractory tumors. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade is one of the most widely used ICBs. However, its application is limited by low response rate and drug resistance.

SCRIPT: Predicting Single-Cell Long-Range Cis-Regulation Based on Pretrained Graph Attention Networks.

Single-cell cis-regulatory relationships (CRRs) are essential for deciphering transcriptional regulation and understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of disease-associated non-coding variants. Existing computational methods struggle to accurately predict single-cell CRRs due to inadequately integrating causal biological principles and large-scale single-cell data. Here, SCRIPT (Single-cell Cis-regulatory Relationship Identifier based on Pre-Trained graph attention networks) is presented for inferring single-cell CRRs from transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility data.

F-box/LRR-repeat protein 12 reorchestrated microglia to inhibit scarring and achieve adult spinal cord injury repair.

Scarring is an insurmountable obstacle for axonal regeneration in recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI). It impedes the repair effects of therapeutic targets in cortical neurons, such as PTEN and hyper-IL-6, which cannot break through dense scar barriers to reconstruct neural circuits. However, methods for eliminating this process remain elusive.

ER‑α36 knockdown is associated with lysosomal dysfunction and proliferation inhibition in liver cancer cells.

Estrogen receptor (ER)‑α36 and autophagy have each independently been reported to promote the proliferation of liver cancer cells; however, the association between them has not been explored. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role and the underlying mechanism of ER‑α36 in the regulation of autophagy in liver cancer cells. The proliferation of liver cancer cell variants was examined by colony formation assay.

Synergistic enhancement of Pt electrocatalyst stability and activity in hydrogen oxidation reaction by polyoxometalate and carbon dot co-boosting.

Pt-based catalysts are prone to oxidation and CO poisoning during the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), leading to deactivation, which has presented significant challenges for the application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Here, we propose a dual-protection strategy with the advantages of Pt-polyoxometalates (POMs) and carbon dots (CDs) to synthesize an advanced POMs-CDs based electrocatalyst, Pt-SiW-CDs, with Pt clusters dispersed on SiW-CDs substrates. It exhibited exceptional HOR performance, achieving a mass activity of 10.

Research Progress in Chemical Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Bioactive Pyridine Alkaloids.

Pyridine alkaloids possess important biological activities and are widely used in fields such as medicine and pesticides. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress in the chemical synthesis and biosynthesis of pyridine alkaloids. In terms of chemical synthesis, there are diverse synthesis methods for arylpyridine compounds.

Minimalist infrared computational imaging with double-sided diffractive single-lens system.

The hybrid-order monolithic imaging diffractive (HMID) lens was designed to address the issue of negative dispersion of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) in infrared minimalist optical systems. However, the imaging quality is negatively impacted by processing errors and aberrations of the HMID when it is expanded for large aperture use. The initial goal of minimalist imaging is contradicted by traditional optical techniques like adding additional lenses to eliminate aberrations, so we proposed a joint optical-algorithmic processing method in this paper to address the above issues.

Branched-Chain α Keto-Acid Dehydrogenase Kinase-Mediated AKT Phosphorylation Promotes RCC Tumorigenesis and Drug Resistance.

Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) primarily relies on targeted and immune-based therapies, yet these treatments often face limitations due to inefficacy and drug resistance. Branched-chain α-keto-acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) has been implicated in promoting RCC metastasis, but its specific substrates and the mechanisms underlying its regulation of RCC progression remain poorly understood. This study uncovers a novel mechanism whereby BCKDK-mediated AKT phosphorylation drives RCC tumorigenesis and drug resistance.

Fabrication of Site-Specific 3D Structures via Macroscopic Supramolecular Assembly for Spatially Controlled Alignment of Multiple Cells.

The self-assembly of micrometer-to-millimeter components, referred to as "macroscopic supramolecular assembly (MSA)," offers an efficient approach for constructing cell-scale 3D bioactive structures with flexible modular designs. Compared with available 3D bio-printing or conventional modular assembly of cell-material units, MSA is advantageous in decoupling material preparation and cell loading processes by directing cell adhesion after the preparation of 3D structures, which minimizes the trade-off between cell viability and material selection. But the challenge lies in efficient self-sorting of different cells and spatially controlled cell distribution.

Artesunate Treats Aspergillus fumigatus Keratitis by Inhibiting Fungal Activity and Activating Autophagy Pathway to Reduce Corneal Inflammation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of artesunate (ART) on fungal keratitis (FK).

Methods: The antifungal properties of ART against Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) were confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biofilm formation inhibition test, propidium iodide fluorescence, and calcium fluorescence white test.

SemiSAM+: Rethinking semi-supervised medical image segmentation in the era of foundation models.

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation typically requires large amount of labeled data for training, making it less applicable in clinical settings due to high annotation cost. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an appealing strategy due to its less dependence on acquiring abundant annotations from experts compared to fully supervised methods. Beyond existing model-centric advancements of SSL by designing novel regularization strategies, we anticipate a paradigmatic shift due to the emergence of promptable segmentation foundation models with universal segmentation capabilities using positional prompts represented by Segment Anything Model (SAM).

Effects of radical surgery, chemotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab on prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients and its clinical significance.

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA), a malignant bile duct tumor, has an obscure pathogenesis. We aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of surgery and chemotherapy combined with the PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab on HCCA patients' prognosis. This study included 26 HCCA patients.

An In Vivo Wireless Passive Electrical Stimulation Device for Promoting Axon Regeneration and Enhancing Sensory Afferents After Contralateral Seventh Nerve Transfer Surgery.

CC7 (contralateral cervical seventh nerve transfer) is an effective treatment for spastic hemiplegia caused by brain injury. After stroke, contralateral C7 nerve transfer facilitates the transmission of sensory information from the affected upper limb to the intact cerebral hemisphere. This process promotes cortical reorganization and ultimately enhances motor function recovery in the paralyzed limb.