The combination of dietary active dry yeast and improves productive performance, egg quality, and immunity of aged breeder hens.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with active dry yeast (ADY) alone or in combination with (BS) on physiological parameters (laying performance, egg quality, blood indexes), reproductive traits, ileum microbiome, metabolome, and uterine gene expression in aged breeder hens. A total of 336 Hy-line brown layer hens aged 55 weeks were randomly assigned to three groups using a completely randomized design: control group (Con, basal diet), ADY group (1 g ADY/kg diet), and ADY-BS combination group ([1 g ADY + 0.1 g BS]/kg diet).

Parent-adolescent intergenerational transmission of distress: the roles of family climate, adolescents' self-compassion and mindfulness.

Background: Existing research indicates that parental psychological distress correlates with adverse psychological outcomes in adolescents. Nevertheless, limited studies have delved into the mechanisms underpinning this relationship.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether the link between parental psychological distress and adolescent psychological distress is mediated by the family emotional climate, as well as adolescents' mindfulness and self-compassion.

Acrylamide-Linked Water-Soluble Nitroxide Biradicals with Enhanced Electron-Electron Couplings for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization at 14.1 T.

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has emerged as a powerful technique to overcome the sensitivity limit of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy through polarizing agents (PAs) carrying unpaired electrons. Nitroxide biradical-based PAs have garnered great attention due to their superior DNP performance. Here, we report TJPols─water-soluble acrylamide-linked nitroxide biradicals featuring facile large-scale synthesis.

UBE2C promotes pancreatic tumorigenesis by KRAS stabilization via APC/C-mediated WDR76 degradation.

Bioinformatics-based association study revealed a strong positive correlation between UBE2C, an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and pancreatic cancer and patient survival. However, whether and how UBE2C plays a causal role in pancreatic tumorigenesis remains elusive. Here, we report that UBE2C functions as a promoter in this process.

Histone H3K27 acetylation mediated by KAT8 maintains antiviral trained immunity in shrimp induced by inactivated white spot syndrome virus.

Shrimp aquaculture is critically important for global food security, but viral diseases like white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) cause devastating economic losses, highlighting the urgent need for effective disease control strategies. While trained immunity has been observed in invertebrates like shrimp after exposure to pathogens, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here we reveal that lysine acetyltransferase KAT8-mediated histone H3K27ac is critical for antiviral defense in shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus.

Targeted energy metabolomics analysis-based mitochondrial restoration: Nutritional intervention of dairy-derived MFG-E8 synergistic with egg yolk phosphatidylcholine in skeletal muscle regeneration.

This study explores the therapeutic potential and mechanistic basis of a novel dairy-egg derived nutritional intervention-combining milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) and egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC)-against dexamethasone (Dex)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in aged rats. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether MFG-E8 + PC co-supplementation could mitigate muscle atrophy, improve mitochondrial function and elucidate the underlying mechanisms involving energy metabolism. By integrating targeted energy metabolomics, we demonstrate that the synergistic action of MFG-E8 and PC alleviates muscle atrophy in aged rats by restoring mitochondrial function and energy metabolism.

Qula-derived Limosilactobacillus fermentum TD-3 and Lactococcus lactis MQ1-1 alleviate aging-related intestinal barrier dysfunction via microbiota-short-chain fatty acid-AMPK/MLCK-tight junction axis.

The aging process is associated with detrimental effects on the integrity of the intestinal barrier, consequently elevating susceptibility to various diseases. Qula exhibits outstanding nutritional composition and has a characteristic taste profile, positioning it as a prime candidate for probiotic exploration given its rich reservoir of probiotic potential. In the present study, a probiotics screening strategy was developed based on the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) to reverse aging-related intestinal barrier dysfunction.

Scanning quantitative shear interference microscopy.

Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) has become a widely used technique for analysis of transparent specimens via phase recovery. However, traditional wide-field QPM suffers from reduced contrast and artifact generation due to spatial crosstalk. In this study, we introduce a scanning quantitative shear interference microscopy (SQSIM) that combines a phase-type spatial light modulator (SLM) with laser focus scanning illumination.

The relationship between thermophysiology, endocrinology and behaviour in female giant pandas.

The breeding of giant pandas is attracting great attention as it concerns population stability. Due to the lag in hormone testing, it is impossible to assess the oestrus state of female giant pandas efficiently and concisely via hormone monitoring accompanied by separate empirical behaviour. Here, 6 female giant pandas were selected to monitor the oestrus period.

Inhaled nintedanib dry powder formulation for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study.

Nintedanib has been clinically proven to slow the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, its therapeutic utility is limited by the side effects resulting from extensive tissue distribution following oral administration. To minimize systemic exposure and related adverse effects, an inhalable dry powder formulation of nintedanib was developed to directly deliver the drug to the lung. The spray-dried formulation of nintedanib (SD-NTB), incorporating leucine as a dispersion enhancer, was successfully prepared, achieving favorable in vitro aerodynamic performance.

Relationship between sleep apnea severity and mild cognitive impairment in people with obstructive sleep apnea.

Background: It is becoming increasingly acknowledged that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a variable factor influencing cognitive health. The aims of this study were to explore whether the severity of OSA is related to the occurrence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in people with OSA and whether different degrees of daytime sleepiness and nighttime sleep quality are related to MCI.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional.

Hydrogen bond kinetics and their temperature dependence of biocompatibility-based choline amino acid ionic liquids.

Choline amino acid ionic liquids ([Ch][AA]) are green solvents with high thermal stability, good biodegradability and low toxicity. In this work, the hydrogen bond kinetic properties of the four [Ch][AA] and the effect of temperature on them were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. By atom-in-molecule (AIM) and noncovalent interaction (RDG) analysis, it was found that the hydroxyl hydrogen (H) atom and the methyl hydrogen (H) atom of the cation form hydrogen bonds with the carboxylate oxygen (O) atom of the anion (O-H···O hydrogen bond, C-H···O hydrogen bond), respectively.

Decoupling iterative algorithm for rapid calculation of physiological parameters from the standard Tofts model.

Background: The standard Tofts model (STM) is an important pharmacokinetic model for analyzing dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data. However, it is very time-consuming using the STM to perform pixel-by-pixel analysis for 3D DCE-MRI data.

Purpose: We developed a decoupling iterative algorithm, prediction-correction method (PCM), for rapid calculation of physiological parameters using the STM.

Immune-metabolic perspective on the association of seven psychiatric disorders and five common auditory diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis.

Introduction: Although the relationship between psychiatric disorders and common auditory diseases has been discovered in observational studies, the causal linkage between them remains inconclusive.

Methods: The bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed, drawing on the most recent and expansive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data for seven psychiatric disorders and five common auditory diseases. Additionally, a mediation analysis was conducted using data on 731 immune cell phenotypes and 1400 metabolite levels to explore potential mediating factors influencing the causal pathways.

Adaptation and pilot implementation of a hereditary cancer risk-assessment tool for primary care.

Background: Family history-based risk assessment for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer is guideline-recommended but clinical implementation remains limited. This is likely, in part, because it adds to the limited time primary care providers (PCPs) have to implement all guideline-recommended care.

Methods: We adapted Family History Screening 7 (or FHS7), designed for administration by a PCP, for self-report by primary care patients.

A Clinical and Imaging-based Model for Distinguishing Mild From Moderately Severe/Severe Hypertriglyceridemic Acute Pancreatitis: Development and Validation.

Background: Hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) is a distinct subtype of acute pancreatitis with a wide spectrum of clinical severity, ranging from mild to moderately severe or severe disease. Timely identification of patients at higher risk is essential for informing early clinical decisions and improving outcomes. However, reliable tools specifically designed to stratify HTG-AP severity remain limited.

Design of azimuthal-confinement-enhanced hollow-core antiresonant fibers.

Hollow-core antiresonant fibers (HC-ARFs) have surpassed the minimum transmission loss of traditional silica single-mode fibers. However, this breakthrough comes at the cost of heightened structural complexity, elevated fabrication challenges. Further loss reduction demands innovative structural strategies.

Development of an AI-Empowered Novel Digital Monitoring System for Inhalation Flow Profiles.

The use of dry powder inhalers (DPIs) represents a cornerstone in the treatment of chronic pulmonary diseases. However, suboptimal inhalation techniques, including inadequate airflow rates, have been a persistent concern for achieving effective therapeutic outcomes, as many patients remain unaware of their insufficient inhalation performance. As an effective strategy, a digital monitoring system, coupled with dry powder inhalers (DPIs), has emerged to estimate flow profiles and provide inhalation information.

A novel 5-protein kinase risk signature for predicting glioma prognosis and immunotherapy responsiveness.

Glioma, among the most prevalent and heterogeneous intracranial malignancies, exhibit dismal prognoses despite advances in molecular diagnostics. Protein kinases, critical regulators of tumorigenesis, remain underexplored as systematic prognostic markers in glioma. In this study, we identified 29 differentially expressed protein kinases in TCGA (LGG and GBM) and GEO (GSE16011) databases.

Development and application of an AI-empowered acoustic monitoring system for misuse detection in dry powder inhalers.

Misuse and poor inhalation techniques remain persistent issues in pulmonary drug delivery via dry powder inhalation. While acoustic-based monitoring has been a feasible strategy, existing approaches often depend on smartphones for signal collection, or wired connections for data transmission, limiting their scalability and practicality in real-world settings. More importantly, few studies have specifically focused on the detection of incorrect DPI usage via digital monitoring systems, and current methods still face limitations in accuracy.

Grandparenting and Coresidence Preferences in Shanghai, China: The Influence of Grandparenting Beliefs, Experiences, and Intensity.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the living arrangement preferences of older adults in Shanghai, China, with a focus on grandparenting as a shaping factor.

Methods: This study utilizes data from the 2022 LEAP-SH (Lifelong Education for Aging Productively in Shanghai) survey, which included 1,707 older adults aged 55 to 85. Since this study focuses on grandparenting, respondents without grandchildren were excluded, resulting in an analytical sample of 1,250 individuals.

Anti-inflammatory effects of physical stimuli: The central role of networks in shaping the future of pharmacological research.

Addressing complexity in the study of life sciences through Systems Biology and Systems Medicine has been transformative, making Systems Pharmacology the next logical step. In this review, we focus on physical stimuli, whose potential in pharmacology has been neglected, despite demonstrated therapeutic properties. To address this overlooked aspect of pharmacology, we aim to (i), highlight how physical stimuli (mechanical, optical, magnetic, electrical) influence inflammation; (ii) identify known overlaps among transduction mechanisms of physical stimuli and highlight the need for deeper understanding of these mechanisms; (iii) promote advanced network approaches as tools to understand this complexity and enhance the potential of anti-inflammatory physical therapies; and (iv), integrate physical stimuli into the mindset of pharmacologists.

The prevalence, patterns, and antifungal drug resistance of bloodstream infection-causing fungi in Sichuan Province, China (2019-2023): a retrospective observational study using national monitoring data.

Background: The rising global burden of invasive fungal infections and the growing issue of antifungal resistance present critical public health threats. By using multicenter surveillance data from Sichuan Province, we conducted the largest five-year study on fungemia to date. Our objective was to gain insights into regional differences in the distribution and resistance patterns of fungal pathogens.

Characterization of vaginal microbiota across female reproductive phases.

Background: The vaginal microbiota plays a crucial role in women's reproductive health, but its composition and function throughout different female reproductive phases remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic variations in vaginal microbial communities corresponding to different hormonal states throughout the female reproductive phase.

Methods: Vaginal samples were collected from 150 healthy women across five reproductive phases: follicular phase, luteal phase, early pregnancy, lactation, and menopause (30 samples per group).

Hantaan virus-derived peptides that stabilize HLA-E could abrogate inhibition of CD56dimNKG2A+ NK cells.

NK cells could participate in the pathogenesis process of virus infectious diseases through the inhibitory receptor CD94/NKG2A interacting with HLA-E/virus-derived peptide complex. However, the effects and mechanisms of NKG2A-HLA-E axis-mediated NK cell responses in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection remain unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry were employed to analyze the phenotype and function of different NK cell subsets in HFRS patients.