Impact of fracture reduction quality on clinical outcomes in hip arthroplasty for intertrochanteric fractures based on a novel radiographic evaluation system: a retrospective study.

Background: The impact of fracture reduction quality on clinical outcomes in hip arthroplasty for intertrochanteric fractures remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to establish a standardized postoperative radiographic evaluation system for reduction quality and assess its correlation with postoperative function and complications.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study included 237 patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for intertrochanteric fractures (2012-2024).

Inhaled nintedanib dry powder formulation for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study.

Nintedanib has been clinically proven to slow the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, its therapeutic utility is limited by the side effects resulting from extensive tissue distribution following oral administration. To minimize systemic exposure and related adverse effects, an inhalable dry powder formulation of nintedanib was developed to directly deliver the drug to the lung. The spray-dried formulation of nintedanib (SD-NTB), incorporating leucine as a dispersion enhancer, was successfully prepared, achieving favorable in vitro aerodynamic performance.

Umbrella review of photodynamic therapy for cancer: efficacy, safety, and clinical applications.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can target cancers, while causing little damage to surrounding healthy tissues.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy, safety, and clinical applications of PDT across cancer types.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched to April 7, 2024 for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of PDT in patients with cancer.

Value Decomposition-Based Multi-Agent Learning for Anesthetics Collaborative Control.

Automated control of personalized multiple anesthetics in clinical Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) is crucial yet challenging. Current systems, including target-controlled infusion (TCI) and closedloop systems, either rely on relatively static pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models or focus on single anesthetic control. So they limit both personalization and collaborative control.

Obesity-associated macrophages dictate adipose stem cell ferroptosis and visceral fat dysfunction by propagating mitochondrial fragmentation.

Morbid obesity induces adipose stem cell (ASC) shortage that impairs visceral adipose tissue (VAT) homeostasis. Macrophages cooperate with ASCs to regulate VAT metabolism, their impact on ASC shortage remains elusive. TNF-α-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) is an important regulator in immune cells, its expression in VAT macrophages and function in macrophage-ASC crosstalk are largely unknown.

An Implantable, Ultralow Distortion Bioelectronic Interface Integrating Light-Emitting Diodes and Graphene Field-Effect Transistors.

Microscale inorganic light-emitting diodes (μ-ILEDs) and field-effect transistors (FETs) are two widely used electronic components for high-resolution neural modulations and multimodal recordings. Integrating these devices into minimally invasive bioelectronic interfaces provides opportunities for investigating neural signaling at the cellular and molecular levels. However, such integration poses challenges due to crosstalk-induced signal distortions.

Direct anterior approach versus posterior approach in total hip arthroplasty after ONFH with failed vascularized iliac crest bone grafting for hip preservation: a retrospective comparative study.

Background: Hip preservation surgery with vascularized iliac bone flap transplantation is currently an important method for treating patients with early-stage femoral head necrosis and collapse. However, if hip preservation fails, total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the only treatment option. This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and complications of direct anterior (DAA) and posterior (PA) approaches for subsequent THA in patients with failed hip preservation.

3D printed bone nails loaded with ceftriaxone sodium for localized drug delivery.

The convergence of advanced materials science and additive manufacturing technologies has revolutionized medical applications ranging from orthodontic devices to patient-specific bone fixation systems. Despite these advancements, the clinical translation of 3D-printed orthopedic implants remains constrained by suboptimal biocompatibility of conventional manufacturing materials. This study systematically evaluates dental resin-based composites as alternative biomaterials for bone fixation devices, hypothesizing that their rapid photopolymerization kinetics, mechanical robustness, and inherent biocompatibility can address current limitations.

Advances in the treatment of brain metastases in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant subtype of lung cancer, and brain metastasis (BM) is a frequent and serious complication that significantly impacts patients' survival and quality of life. EGFR mutations play a crucial role in the progression of NSCLC, particularly the Ex19del and L858R mutations. This paper comprehensively explores the pathological mechanisms of BM in EGFR-mutant NSCLC, covering key aspects such as tumor cell invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), exosome secretion, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption.

Pathological characteristics of a murine oral coxsackievirus A10 infection model.

Coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10) is an enterovirus that has caused global outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), accompanied by neurological and systemic complications. Animal models that can simulate natural infections are necessary for studying viral pathogenesis. In this study, our objective was to establish a mouse-adapted strain (CVA10-P8) through serial passaging, which was capable of orally infecting 14-day-old ICR mice, leading to hind-limb paralysis and death.

Study on analgesic-induced endocrine gland damage and its potential mechanisms.

Background: Analgesics are widely used for pain management, yet their association with endocrine dysfunction remains understudied. This pharmacovigilance study analyzes endocrine-related adverse events (AEs) linked to analgesics, identifies high-risk populations, and explores mechanistic pathways.

Research Design And Methods: FAERS data (Q1 2004 to Q3 2023) were analyzed via OpenVigil 2.

Dieckol ameliorates inflammatory response via inhibition of CHI3L1 expression in collagen-induced arthritis rats.

Background: Dieckol (DEK), the main phlorotannin of brown algal, has been regarded as a powerful anti-inflammatory agent in various diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a typical inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting synovial joints. However, the pharmaceutical effect of DEK on RA is still waiting to be unveiled.

Gamified working memory intervention enhances prefrontal neurocognitive plasticity during aging.

Considering the critical role of working memory (WM) in age-related cognitive decline, WM interventions are proposed as an effective approach for promoting healthy aging. However, traditional WM interventions often yield limited results, possibly due to a lack of interest and challenge. In light of the recent prominent trend of gamification, this study developed a challenging gamified WM intervention aimed at improving WM and providing extensive cognitive benefits for older adults, along with entertainment.

Association between the systemic inflammation response index and mortality in cancer survivors based on NHANES 2001-2018.

Inflammatory responses play a critical regulatory role in the development and progression of cancer. As a novel inflammatory marker, the association between the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and mortality among cancer survivors remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between the SIRI and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors in the United States.

Profiling and Discrimination of Euryale Ferox Seeds from Different Processing Methods Using Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Combined with Molecular Networking and Statistical Analysis.

Background: Euryale ferox seeds (EFSs) serve both medicinal and culinary purposes. They possess high nutritional value and are rich in polysaccharides, polyphenols, glycolipids, cyclic peptides, and other beneficial components. EFSs are known for their effects in tonifying the kidneys and strengthening essence, invigorating the spleen and alleviating diarrhea, as well as removing dampness and leucorrhea.

Particulate platform for pulmonary drug delivery: Recent advances of formulation and fabricating strategies.

Pulmonary drug delivery for managing respiratory diseases has attained a significant maturity level and holds substantial potential for applications in treating systemic diseases. Advancements in pulmonary delivery techniques have driven the innovative development of dry powder inhalers (DPIs), specifically engineered to optimize the efficacy of pulmonary drug delivery. This review examines recent progress in formulation and manufacturing strategies of inhalable dry powder, focusing on prescription design and fabrication approaches for advanced particulate systems.

Design and Construction of D-A-Extended 3D Covalent-Organic Frameworks for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

The development of donor-acceptor (D-A) covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) has emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Although most studies have concentrated on 2D COFs, research into their 3D counterparts remains limited. In this study, we rationally designed and synthesized a carbazoyl dicyanobenzene derivative (TBFCC) as an intrinsic D-A building block.

Predicting dietary management intention of patients with chronic kidney disease using protection motivation theory.

Background: Psychological determinants underlying the dietary management intention (DMI) of Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not well understood. This hinders the development of theory-informed dietary interventions targeting this population. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing DMI of Chinese patients with CKD through the lens of Protection Motivation Theory (PMT).

Preparation of quaternized nanoxylan and its inhibitory effect on wood mildew.

At present, heavy metal pollution is common in wood antibacterial agents, making it necessary to develop environmentally friendly antibacterial agents. Extract and prepare nano xylan (XYL) from corn stover. The optimal process was obtained through response surface optimization: 59 °C, 2 h, alkali concentration of 3 %.

The unity/diversity framework of executive functions: behavioral and neural evidence in older adults.

Executive functions (EFs), encompassing inhibition, shifting, and updating as three fundamental subdomains, are typically characterized by a unity/diversity construct. However, given the dedifferentiation trend observed in aging, it remains controversial whether the construct of EFs in older adults becomes unidimensional or maintains unity/diversity. This study aims to explore and validate the construct of EFs in older adults.

Thermal Gradient-Driven Heterogeneous Actuation of Liquid Crystal Elastomers for a Crawling Robot.

Emerging soft robots based on liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) exhibit remarkable capabilities for large reversible shape morphing, enabling them to adapt to complex environments and perform diverse tasks such as locomotion and camouflage. Despite extensive studies, current methods for locally controlled actuation of LCE-based soft robots often involve intricate structural design, complex programming of LCEs, incorporation of multiple materials, or complex actuation methods. Here, we present a simple and efficient approach to achieve multiple deformation modes within a simply programmed LCE structure by harnessing Joule heating-induced thermal gradients across the LCE volume.