Recommendation for Forensic Identification Guidelines on Insulin Overdoes.

Insulin is an important protein hormone that participates in multiple metabolic pathways. Biosynthetic insulin has been widely used in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Currently, the number of reported cases of insulin overdose both at home and abroad is gradually increasing, and insulin homicide is no longer a means of "committing murder without leaving a trace".

Sperm Membrane Stability: In-Depth Analysis from Structural Basis to Functional Regulation.

Sperm membrane stability is a key factor in determining sperm viability and fertilization capability, with broad implications ranging from basic reproductive biology to livestock breeding practices. This comprehensive review examines the structural and functional mechanisms underlying sperm membrane integrity, including defensive barrier functions, potentiometric ion channel regulation, and motility modulation that collectively optimize sperm survival, motility, and fertilization potential. Environmental factors such as temperature fluctuations, abnormal pH levels (outside the optimal 7.

Pan-cancer analysis of UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase in human tumors and its function in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) is a key enzyme in glucuronic acid metabolism and acts as a key mediator in several cancer developmental signaling pathways.

Aim: To offer a more systematic and comprehensive elucidation of the involvement of UGDH in the onset and progression of various malignancies.

Methods: The role of UGDH in cancer was investigated public databases.

Secretes RsCAP3 to Target Nb14-3-3b, Interfering with Hormone-Mediated Resistance in .

The necrotrophic phytopathogen causes leaf spot and root rot in tobacco, which significantly reduce the yield and quality of the crop. Recently, much attention has been paid to effectors, but only a few of them have been characterized. Here, we identified a CAP domain-containing protein, RsCAP3, with a functional signal peptide, which triggers slight cell death on tobacco leaves.

Risk of new-onset inflammatory bowel disease in psoriasis patients treated with five different interleukin inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Interleukin inhibitors represent a standard therapeutic approach for psoriasis. However, there is still debate about the risk of new-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in psoriasis patients following interleukin inhibitor treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the risk of new-onset IBD in psoriasis patients treated with five interleukin inhibitors (Bimekizumab, Ixekizumab, Secukinumab, Brodalumab, and Ustekinumab), providing insights to inform clinical decision-making.

Gamified working memory intervention enhances prefrontal neurocognitive plasticity during aging.

Considering the critical role of working memory (WM) in age-related cognitive decline, WM interventions are proposed as an effective approach for promoting healthy aging. However, traditional WM interventions often yield limited results, possibly due to a lack of interest and challenge. In light of the recent prominent trend of gamification, this study developed a challenging gamified WM intervention aimed at improving WM and providing extensive cognitive benefits for older adults, along with entertainment.

Acupuncture as adjunctive therapy for acute cerebral infarction: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is the second leading cause of death and the major cause of disability worldwide, and there is an increasing interest in non-pharmacological treatments. Acupuncture has promising effects on ACI, but its efficacy and safety need to be verified through well-designed randomized clinical trials. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as adjunctive therapy to improve neurological function in patients with ACI.

Separating the Role of Mixing-Entropy on the Dynamics of Glass-Forming Liquids.

While the concept of high entropy has gained prominence in materials design, disentangling specific impacts of entropy on material properties from the enthalpy of mixing remains elusive. It is demonstrated that the role of entropy can be distinguished from the dynamics of glass-forming liquids through micro-alloying. Based on experiment analysis of 79 compositions, liquid fragility is found to consistently decreases under two conditions: i) when the alloying content x is minimal, irrespective of the elements used; or ii) when increasing the diversity of alloying elements at a constant x, namely the high-entropy micro-alloying.

Protective effect of CACNA1A deficiency in oligogenic refractory epilepsy with CACNA1A-CELSR2 digenic mutations.

Objective: The vast majority of refractory epilepsy cases have a complex oligogenic/polygenic origin, which presents a challenge to precision medicine in individual patients. Nonetheless, the high workload and lack of effective guidelines have limited the number of in-depth animal studies.

Methods: Whole-exon sequencing identified a case with refractory epilepsy caused by a combination of two rare and de novo heterozygous variants in CACNA1A and CELSR2, respectively.

Immune cells in metabolic associated fatty liver disease: Global trends and hotspots (2004-2024).

Background: The interplay between immune cells and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a critical research frontier, bridging immunology and hepatology. The bibliometric findings can guide future research and funding priorities in the field by highlighting key areas of focus and potential therapeutic targets.

Aim: To analyze the literature on immune cells and MAFLD, identifying research trends and future hotspots.

Ammonium chloride mitigates the amplification of fish virus by blocking autophagy-dependent replication.

Ammonia fertilizer, primarily composed of ammonium chloride, is widely used in pond fish farming throughout Asia. Despite the belief that it possesses antiviral properties, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) has been demonstrated to act as a potent inhibitor of autophagy, which is used by many fish viruses to promote their proliferation during infection.

Isolated from Populus euphratica rhizosphere soil, and mining their metabolites.

Introduction: The microbial community in desert ecosystems is a vital and highly active component. , one of the dominant genera within this community, exhibits significant capabilities in metabolic degradation and the synthesis of secondary metabolites.

Methods: To investigate the metabolic potential of , two strains of were isolated from rhizosphere soil samples of in the Taklimakan Desert during the initial phase of this study, TRM 70351 and TRM 70361.

Ecological stoichiometry in leaves, branches, and soils of at different stand ages in the Taihang Mountains, China.

To understand the changes and relationship of plant-soil eco-stoichiometric characteristics of plantations with stand ages, we investigated plantations of different stand ages (10, 23, 39, and 47 years old) in the Taihang Mountains. We measured the concentration and stoichiometry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in leaves, branches, and soils at different layers. We analyzed the relationship between leaf, branch nutrient characteristics and soil physicochemical properties.

Lung protective ventilation guided by driving pressure improves pulmonary outcomes in heart transplantation.

This study aimed to investigate whether driving pressure-guided ventilation can reduce postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who have undergone heart transplantation. Patients who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation were divided into two groups according to the perioperative ventilation strategy: (1) conventional lung-protective ventilation (group C) and (2) driving pressure-guided ventilation (group D). The primary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications within 30 days of surgery.

Deciphering unique enzymatic pathways in sulfonamide biotransformation by direct ammonia oxidizer Alcaligenes ammonioxydans HO-1.

Heterotrophic nitrification, similar to autotrophic nitrification, involves key enzymes and reactive nitrogen intermediates during ammonia oxidation, which may influence antibiotic transformation. However, the interference between antibiotic transformation products from ammonia oxidation and secondary metabolites in heterotrophic nitrifiers makes antibiotic transformation pathways more complicated. In this work, we observe that the heterotrophic nitrifier Alcaligenes ammonioxydans HO-1 can effectively convert sulfonamide antibiotics.

Eriocitrin ameliorates hepatic fibrosis and inflammation: The involvement of PPARα-mediated NLRP1/NLRC4 inflammasome signaling cascades.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) is a traditional Chinese medicine and recorded to have hepatoprotective therapeutic and condition value. Eriocitrin (ER) a natural compound isolated from Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium may ameliorate hepatic inflammation in chronic liver diseases.

Aim Of The Study: The current study investigates the hepatoprotective effect and potential mechanism of ER against hepatic fibrosis.

Causal Link between Gut Microbiota and Infertility: A Two-sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Objective: To investigate the associations of the gut microbiota with reproductive system diseases, including female infertility, male infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), primary ovarian failure, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, uterine polyps, sexual dysfunction, orchitis, and epididymitis.

Methods: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the potential causal relationship between the composition of gut microbiota and infertility, along with associated diseases.

Results: Sixteen strong causal associations between gut microbes and reproductive system diseases were identified.

Strong Pairing Originated from an Emergent Z_{2} Berry Phase in La_{3}Ni_{2}O_{7}.

The recent discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in La_{3}Ni_{2}O_{7} offers a fresh platform for exploring unconventional pairing mechanisms. Starting with the basic argument that the electrons in d_{z^{2}} orbitals nearly form local moments, we examine the effect of the Hubbard interaction U on the binding strength of Cooper pairs based on a single-orbital bilayer model with intralayer hopping t_{∥} and interlayer superexchange J_{⊥}. By extensive density matrix renormalization group calculations, we observe a remarkable enhancement in binding energy as much as 10-20 times larger with U/t_{∥} increasing from 0 to 12 at J_{⊥}/t_{∥}∼1.

Vinpocetine alleviates the abdominal aortic aneurysm progression via VSMCs SIRT1-p21 signaling pathway.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative disease that caused mortality in people aged >65. Senescence plays a critical role in AAA pathogenesis. Advances in AAA repair techniques have occurred, but a remaining priority is therapies to limit AAA growth and rupture.

Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis identifies causal associations between migraine and five psychiatric disorders.

Background: The question of whether a correlation exists between migraine and five psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), anorexia nervosa (AN), bipolar disorder (BIP), and schizophrenia (SCZ), remains a matter of controversy. Hence, this research aims to investigate whether there is a possible association between migraine and five psychiatric disorders.

Methods: We performed a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causality between migraine and five psychiatric disorders.

Cytokine analysis of aqueous humor in patients with cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis.

Purpose: To evaluate cytokine levels of aqueous humor in patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) corneal endotheliitis and their relationships with CMV DNA load.

Methods: 44 aqueous humor samples were obtained from 26 patients with CMV corneal endotheliitis at various stages of treatment. 33 samples obtained from cataract patients during the same period were selected as a control group.

Silica nanoparticles inhibit cadmium uptake by the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila without the need for adsorption.

The simultaneous presence of nanoparticles (NPs) and heavy metals in the environment may affect their mutual biological uptake. Although previous studies showed that NPs could alter the cellular uptake of heavy metals by their adsorption of heavy metals, whether they could affect metal uptake without the need for adsorption is unknown. This study examined the effects of silica (SiO) NPs on the uptake of Cd ion by the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila.

Direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox) is favored over cell growth in Alcaligenes ammonioxydans HO-1 to deal with the toxicity of ammonium.

Bacteria capable of direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox) play important roles in global nitrogen cycling and nutrient removal from wastewater. Dirammox process, NH  → NH OH → N , first defined in Alcaligenes ammonioxydans HO-1 and encoded by dnf gene cluster, has been found to widely exist in aquatic environments. However, because of multidrug resistance in Alcaligenes species, the key genes involved in the Dirammox pathway and the interaction between Dirammox process and the physiological state of Alcaligenes species remain unclear.

Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Niuxi-Mugua Formula in Treating Coronavirus Disease 2019 Network Pharmacology, Computational Biology, and Surface Plasmon Resonance Verification.

Background: In China, Niuxi-Mugua formula (NMF) has been widely used to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the mechanism of NMF for treating COVID-19 is not yet fully understood.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of NMF for treating COVID- 19 by network pharmacology, computational biology, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) verification.

Spatial distribution pattern and correlation of dominant species in the arbor layer at a 25 hm forest plot in Lushan Mountain, China.

To explore the spatial pattern of zonal tree species in the subtropical subalpine mountain area on Lushan Mountain, a 25 hm forest plot was established in Yangtianping area of Lushan Mountain following the technical specification of CTFS in 2021. We classified these species into evergreen conifer species, deciduous broad-leaved species and evergreen broad-leaved species based on their leaf shape and deciduous or not to analyze the spatial pattern of dominant species of different types by spatial point pattern method. The results showed that , subsp.