Association of the BRAFV600E mutation with morphology and heterogeneity in melanoma.

The BRAFV600E mutation test for melanoma patients has become the key to precision therapy.Comparing the concordance of immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) in detecting the BRAFV600E mutation in a Chinese melanoma patient population. In addition, evaluating BRAFV600E mutation heterogeneity between primary and metastatic melanoma sites and within the same lesion, and investigating the association between BRAFV600E mutation status and tumor cell morphology.

Global Trends and Health Inequalities in Acute Hepatitis E Burden: A Joinpoint Regression and Cross-Country Inequality Analysis, 1990-2021.

Acute hepatitis E (AHE) disproportionately affects regions with diverse socioeconomic conditions. This study aims to assess the trends in AHE burden and health inequalities from 1990 to 2021. Utilising data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021, joinpoint regression was employed to identify significant trends.

Histopathologic discrepancies between endoscopic forceps biopsy and resection specimens in duodenal papillary lesions: a retrospective study.

Background: Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) has been used for the treatment of duodenal papillectomy, and the results of preoperative endoscopic biopsy are important for the selection of treatment plans for the patients. However, some lesions cannot be precisely diagnosed based solely on biopsy results. In the study, we attempted to assess the accuracy of histopathological diagnosis of endoscopic forceps biopsy and to avoid over - or under-treatment.

Global Trends and Cross-country Inequalities of Acute Hepatitis E in the Elderly, 1990-2021: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Background And Aims: Acute hepatitis E (AHE) in the elderly can lead to severe complications including liver failure and mortality, yet the epidemiological landscape remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to assess the burden, trends, and health inequalities of AHE among the elderly over the past three decades, and to further predict its changes by 2030.

Methods: Data on AHE in the elderly were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021.

Multiplex aggregation combining sample reweight composite network for pathology image segmentation.

In digital pathology, nuclei segmentation is a critical task for pathological image analysis, holding significant importance for diagnosis and research. However, challenges such as blurred boundaries between nuclei and background regions, domain shifts between pathological images, and uneven distribution of nuclei pose significant obstacles to segmentation tasks. To address these issues, we propose an innovative Causal inference inspired Diversified aggregation convolution Network named CDNet, which integrates a Diversified Aggregation Convolution (DAC), a Causal Inference Module (CIM) based on causal discovery principles, and a comprehensive loss function.

Branched-Chain α Keto-Acid Dehydrogenase Kinase-Mediated AKT Phosphorylation Promotes RCC Tumorigenesis and Drug Resistance.

Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) primarily relies on targeted and immune-based therapies, yet these treatments often face limitations due to inefficacy and drug resistance. Branched-chain α-keto-acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) has been implicated in promoting RCC metastasis, but its specific substrates and the mechanisms underlying its regulation of RCC progression remain poorly understood. This study uncovers a novel mechanism whereby BCKDK-mediated AKT phosphorylation drives RCC tumorigenesis and drug resistance.

The relationship between trait awe and teachers' well-being for primary and secondary school teachers: the roles of professional identity and work engagement.

Promoting teachers' deep, sustainable well-being is vital for educational development, but the key emotional resources involved are still not well understood. Drawing on the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this study is the first to model how trait awe influences occupational well-being among primary and secondary school teachers. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with 1,037 teachers in China and used structural equation modeling for data analysis.

Expert consensus on cryosurgery therapy of mucosal melanoma on head and neck.

Cryoablation therapy for tumors has a long history of clinical application. Its anti-tumor mechanisms and histopathological changes have been well established, with extensive clinical practice demonstrating its safety and efficacy, theoretically making it an ideal modality for tumor treatment. Historically constrained by limitations in cryogenic media and freezing equipment, its therapeutic effectiveness and clinical adoption were significantly restricted.

Fatty Acids Are Responsible for the Discrepancy of Key Aroma Compounds in Naturally Dried Red Goji Berries and Hot-Air-Dried Red Goji Berries.

Red goji berries, reputed worldwide as "superfruit", are commonly marketed after natural drying or hot-air drying. A sensomics approach was applied to the aroma analysis of red goji berries under two drying methods. Fifty-two aroma-active compounds were screened and identified by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) coupled with gas chromatography with olfactometry (GC/O).

Assessment of significant hepatic damage in young patients with chronic hepatitis B to initiate the antiviral treatment: The APLB score.

Whether patients aged ≤30 years with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and normal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels (<40 U/L) should receive antiviral therapy is controversial. In this study, we aimed to identify high-risk factors of significant hepatic damage (SHD) and established a scoring system to guide the decision to administer antiviral treatment. Eligible patients who underwent a liver biopsy were retrospectively screened and randomly assigned to either a training or validation set.

Nosema or Vairimorpha: Genomic/proteomic support to a complex socio-economic issue rooted in taxonomic change.

Microsporidia are disease-causing organisms that can infect invertebrate species. In apiculture, two microsporidians of importance are Vairimorpha (=Nosema) ceranae and Vairimorpha (=Nosema) apis. The taxonomy surrounding the genus assignment of these species has been heavily debated, due to molecular systematic and socio-economic reasons.

Global burden of uterine cancer in 204 countries and territories and its predicted level in 15 years, from 1990 to 2021.

Background: Uterine cancer (UC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women. This study assesses the global burden of UC from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study were used to analyze UC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries.

The application of liquid biopsy techniques in cervical cancer diagnosis, prediction and therapeutic surveillance.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in women and ranks as the fourth most common malignant tumor worldwide. Cervical histopathology is currently the primary diagnostic method for confirming the presence of CC. Tumor markers and imaging techniques play crucial roles in monitoring treatment effectiveness and prognostic follow-up.

Sharpening semantic gradient in a planarized sentence representation.

Mapping a sentence into a two-dimensional representation has the advantage of unfolding nested semantic structures in a sentence and encoding the interaction between tokens. In the planarized sentence representation, neighboring elements denote overlapped linguistic units in a sentence. An important phenomenon is that the semantic information of a true linguistic unit may penetrate neighboring elements, which blurs the semantic edge of a linguistic unit and disturbs the planarized sentence representation.

Masitinib attenuates neuropathological changes in acrolein-induced sAD mouse model via NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a global health crisis, with sporadic AD (sAD) accounting for more than 95 % of all cases. The lack of effective disease-modifying therapies for sAD, driven by its complex pathogenesis involving genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, underscores the urgent need for novel treatments. Masitinib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor originally developed for cancer treatment, has shown potential to regulate mast cells and neuroinflammation, making it a promising candidate against AD.

The role of gut microbiota-gonadal axis in ovary activation of Asian honey bee (Apis cerana) queens.

The gut microbiota-gonadal axis is increasingly recognized, but its reproductive roles remain unclear. Here, we used the Asian honey bee Apis cerana queens as a model to investigate the role of the gut microbiota-gonadal axis on ovary activation. By artificially caging and releasing the mated queens for a short or long period and monitoring the morphological changes of their ovaries, we confirmed that the activation and suppression of the queen ovary could be switched quickly.

The Roles of CBX4 in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Chromobox 4 (CBX4) is a polycomb group protein involved in epigenetic regulation via the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and its small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase activity. It has been reported that CBX4 plays several oncogenic functions, contributing to tumor growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Elevated CBX4 expression is also correlated with poor patient prognosis and advanced tumor stages in multiple gastrointestinal cancers.

Design and characterization of N-oxide cinnamanilide derivative PX5-9: Improved solubility and BDNF upregulation.

Compound 5, a cinnamanilide derivative, upregulates brain derivated neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression but with low soluablity. In this study, PX5-9, a N-oxide derivative of 5, demonstrated significant protective effects in the HT22 glutamate-induced toxicity model and showed no significant toxicity at 30 μM. Western blot analysis confirmed that PX5-9 increased BDNF levels similar to 5.

Proteomics-Empowered Microfluidic-SERS Immunoassay for Identifying and Detecting Biomarkers of Micropapillary Lung Adenocarcinoma.

The presence of a micropapillary (MPP) component is a crucial determinant of surgical strategies for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), yet reliable blood biomarkers for predicting MPP⁺ LUAD remain elusive. Here, we integrate 4D label-free quantitative proteomics, a nanomixing-enhanced microfluidic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, and machine learning to sensitively identify and validate blood protein biomarkers associated with MPP⁺ LUAD. Comparative proteomics reveal 44 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between MPP⁺ and MPP⁻ LUADs, with bioinformatics uncovering their roles in MPP⁺ LUAD formation.

Differences of clinical features, prognosis and genetic mutations in Chinese patients with malignant melanoma and additional primary tumours.

Background: The differences in the clinical features, prognosis and genetic mutations in Chinese patients with malignant melanoma (MM) and additional primary tumours remain unclear.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with malignancies in Fujian Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to September 2022, end follow-up in September 2023. Clinical data were gathered, survival analysis was performed, and genetic mutations were detected.

Methylation-based test for diagnosis of benign and malignant melanocytoma.

Background: The accurate diagnosis of melanoma significantly improves patient survival rates. Distinguishing melanomas from naevi purely by morphology can be challenging when neoplastic cells are confined to the epidermis or lack marked nuclear pleomorphism.

Objectives: To investigate candidate DNA methylation alterations that can distinguish melanoma from naevus; to develop an efficient and convenient methylation-specific quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (MS-qPCR) for the diagnosis of melanoma; and to validate the diagnostic performance of the MS-qPCR.

Effect of Low-Temperature Plasma Sterilization on the Quality of Pre-Prepared Tomato-Stewed Beef Brisket During Storage: Microorganism, Freshness, Protein Oxidation and Flavor Characteristics.

Traditional tomato-braised beef brisket with potatoes is celebrated for its rich, complex flavors and culinary appeal but requires lengthy preparation. Pre-packaged versions of the dish rely on thermal sterilization for safety; however, high-temperature processing accelerates protein and lipid oxidation, thereby compromising its sensory quality. As the demand for ready-to-eat meals grows, the food industry faces the challenge of ensuring microbial safety while preserving flavor integrity.

Precision medicine in the prediction of metachronous liver metastasis in rectal cancer: Applications and challenges.

Rectal cancer is a major global health concern, and metachronous liver metastasis (MLM) significantly worsens patient prognosis. Advances in imaging and machine learning have led to the development of radiomics models, particularly those utilizing multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, which are highly valuable in predicting MLM. These models analyze imaging features to provide insights that can aid clinical decision-making and potentially improve treatment outcomes and survival rates.

Nanoparticles-based electrochemical sensing platform for high-through immunoassay with redox-activity CaCO nanotags on a magnetic microfluidic device.

A new nanoparticles-based sensing platform was designed for high-through electrochemical immunoassay of ferritin (FET) biomarker on a magneto-controlled microfluidic device by using anti-FET capture antibody-conjugated magnetic sensing probes. Thionine-doped calcium carbonate (CaCO) nanoparticles labeled with anti-FET detection antibodies were utilized as the recognition elements. Introduction of target FET caused the sandwich-type immunoreaction between two antibodies.