Orbital-Tailoring Strategy via Dual-Defect Engineering in P-FeTe@NC Synergizes Polysulfide Adsorption-Conversion for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

The polysulfide shuttling and sluggish sulfur redox kinetics hinder the commercialization of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Herein, the fabrication of phosphorus (P)-doped iron telluride (FeTe) nanoparticles with engineered Te vacancies anchored on nitrogen (N)-doped carbon (C) (P-FeTe@NC) is presented as a multifunctional sulfur host. Theoretical and experimental analyses show that Te vacancies create electron-deficient Fe sites, which chemically anchor polysulfides through enhanced Fe─S covalent interactions.

Understanding clustered behavioral risk factors among adults in the United States: A gender-specific analysis of alcohol and other substance use and obesity.

Background: Individuals who consume alcohol often use other drugs as well. Little is known about the clustering of heavy and binge drinking with the use of other substances (tobacco, cannabis, illicit drugs, and nonmedical prescription drugs). Overweight/obesity, highly prevalent in the United States (US) and an established health risk factor, may also cluster with them.

Avian Influenza Surveillance Among Migratory Birds, Poultry, and Humans Around Nansi Lake, China, 2021-2024.

Avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) pose a significant pandemic threat due to their cross-species transmission potential. However, AIV surveillance at the critical "migratory birds-poultry-exposed population" interface remains limited. Between 2021 and 2024, we implemented a prospective One Health surveillance program around Nansi Lake, monitoring AIVs in migratory birds, poultry, and environmental samples, as well as serological investigations against representative AIVs among migratory birds or poultry-exposed subjects.

Advances in the application of porous organic frameworks composites for electrochemiluminescence sensing of heavy metal ions.

As an emerging analytical technology, the high sensitivity, low cost and low background signal of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) have led to its various applications, including in food safety, metal ion detection and mycotoxin detection. Porous organic framework (POF) composites are a series of porous crystalline materials and novel ECL luminescent materials. POFs include metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), and so on.

Esculetin inhibits ferroptosis after ICH by promoting NUDT1-mediated m7G methylation modification of GPX4.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most morbid of all stroke types with a high mortality and significant disability burden. Inhibiting ferroptosis after ICH will effectively treat ICH and improve prognosis. Esculetin is the main active ingredient of the Chinese medicine Cortex Fraxini, which has neuroprotective effects.

Long-term intermittent theta burst stimulation alleviates Parkinson's disease-related cognitive impairment by modulating GluN2B in the dorsal hippocampus.

Cognitive impairment is one of the typical non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) that severely affects the quality of life of patients. However, limited treatments are currently available, suggesting the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), an updated pattern of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, can potentially improve cognitive function.

Clinical efficacy and safety of Cadonilimab in the treatment of advanced gynecological malignancies: a retrospective, real-world study.

Background: Cadonilimab, recognized as the most rapidly developed Chinese drug in the field of cervical cancer, received marketing approval in China in 2022. We conducted a study to investigate the safety and efficacy of Cadonilimab, combined with and without chemotherapy or bevacizumab treatment, in patients with recurrent / metastatic gynecological malignancies.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 60 patients with recurrent / metastatic gynecological malignant tumors, confirmed by pathology or cytology from July 2022 to December 2024.

Second-wave mutual-help groups: Examining effectiveness for individuals with alcohol use disorders in the longitudinal, U.S. national PAL Study cohorts.

Background: Second-wave mutual-help groups (MHGs) for addiction (e.g., SMART Recovery) are prevalent and promising, but limited studies have examined their effectiveness.

Dual-enhanced electrochemiluminescence of Au nanoclusters: Ag doping-induced emission and Ce-MOFs-induced excitation.

The enhancement of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) efficiency in Au nanoclusters (AuNCs) represents a crucial strategy for expanding the application scope of AuNCs in ECL field. However, current research efforts primarily focus on enhancing the ECL efficiency of AuNCs merely from either an emission or excitation perspective. Herein, the present work commenced by considering the roles of the ECL probe and co-reactant, respectively, to develop a dual-enhanced ECL system with the simultaneous enhancement in emission and excitation.

A Signal On-Off Ratiometric Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor Based on MXene/PEI-MWCNTs Signal Amplification for the Detection of Diuron.

Diuron (DU) is a widely used phenylurea herbicide designed to inhibit weed growth, but its high toxicity and prolonged half-life contribute significantly to environmental contamination. The majority of electrochemical (EC) sensors typically rely on a single response signal for the detection of DU, rendering them highly susceptible to interference from variable background noise in complex environments, thereby reducing the selectivity and robustness. By integrating molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with a ratiometric strategy, the aforementioned issues could be solved.

Theoretical framework for confined ion transport in two-dimensional nanochannels.

Quantitative understanding of ion transport mechanism is crucial for numerous applications of two-dimensional (2D) nanochannels, but is far from being resolved. Here, we formulated a theoretical framework for both self-diffusion and electromigration of hydrated monatomic ions in various 2D nanochannels (e.g.

A non-linear association between AST/ALT ratio and 28-day mortality in critically ill elderly: evidence from a multicenter study.

With the global aging population, the proportion of elderly patients in ICU continues to rise. The ratio of aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) has been linked to unfavorable outcomes in several diseases, but its value in critically ill elderly patients remains unclear. Based on the eICU Collaborative Research Database, this study included 22,361 critically ill elderly patients aged ≥ 65 years.

L-DOPA reverses the impaired working memory via lateral habenula Kv7.2 subunit-containing M-channels in experimental parkinsonism.

Non-motor symptoms such as cognitive deficits are often observed in Parkinson's disease, and the effect of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanin (L-DOPA) treatment on working memory in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and underlying mechanisms are unclear. In adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, we found that L-DOPA treatment in SNc-lesioned rats reversed working memory impairment, decreased the firing rate of the lateral habenula (LHb) neurons, increased dopamine (DA) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus, and reversed reduced expression of M-channel Kv7.2 subunit in the LHb compared with SNc-lesioned rats treated with normal saline (NS).

Nitrogen Adsorption Sites with Low Polarizability for Benchmark N/CH Separation.

Selective adsorption of N from CH is an industrially promising but challenging process given their similar sizes and physicochemical properties. Herein, we report a robust metal-organic framework (Cu-MFU-4l) featuring open Cu(I) sites of low polarizability for benchmark N/CH separation. The presence of open Cu(I) sites in the framework was confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), in situ CO-adsorbed infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Immobilization of HO in Diffusion Channel of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Long-Term CO Capture from Humid Flue Gas.

Utilizing physisorption for CO capture in humid flue gas presents challenges, with HO molecules either damaging the adsorbent or competing with CO for adsorption, compromising long-term stability. Herein, a counter-intuitive strategy is proposed to address this issue by immobilizing HO into metal-organic framework (TYUT-ATZ, TYUT = Taiyuan University of Technology, ATZ = 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole) as binding sites for CO capture from humid airflow. Through tailoring the -NH group numbers and pore sizes creates ingenious HO sites, preserving CO adsorption space and enhancing CO adsorption interactions in 1D channels.

Global burden of uterine cancer in 204 countries and territories and its predicted level in 15 years, from 1990 to 2021.

Background: Uterine cancer (UC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women. This study assesses the global burden of UC from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study were used to analyze UC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries.

The application of liquid biopsy techniques in cervical cancer diagnosis, prediction and therapeutic surveillance.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in women and ranks as the fourth most common malignant tumor worldwide. Cervical histopathology is currently the primary diagnostic method for confirming the presence of CC. Tumor markers and imaging techniques play crucial roles in monitoring treatment effectiveness and prognostic follow-up.

Correction: Changes in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in the first two years (2018-2020) of San Francisco's tax: A prospective longitudinal study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.

The effects of visual stimulation on the cortical activity of brainstem stroke dysphagia patients: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Objective: To investigate the difference in cortical activity under food visual stimulation between patients with brainstem stroke dysphagia and healthy adults by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Additionally, we seek to identify any potential relationship between cortical activity and swallowing.

Methods: 30 patients with dysphagia after brainstem stroke and 16 healthy adults were selected.

Intermittent theta burst stimulation is superior to 10 Hz-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in promoting episodic-like memory in healthy male rats by enhancing low γ oscillation and glutamate neuronal activities of the anterior cingulate cortex.

Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) produce beneficial after-effects on memory performance. The two modalities have modulatory after-effects on the prefrontal neuronal oscillations and neurotransmitters, which are critically involved in episodic memory processing. However, whether iTBS exerts better cognitive effects than high-frequency rTMS through modulating neuronal oscillations and neurotransmitter levels in the prefrontal cortex has not been determined.

Zinc Pyrazolate Framework with Knotted-Like Chains for Separation of Propylene/Ethylene Mixtures.

Ethylene and propylene are important raw chemicals that are in high demand. Methanol-to-olefins (MTO) is a promising alternative approach for producing ethylene from non-petroleum feedstocks, in which the separation of propylene/ethylene is particularly crucial. In this study, a metal azolate framework (MAF) [Zn(μ-HO)(tppa)(HCOO)] (MAF-68, where Htppa = tris(4-(1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl)amine) has been synthesized with rare zinc pyrazolate chains comprising μ-HO bridges, namely Zn(μ-HO)(Rpz)(HCOO) (Rpz denotes pyrazolate groups), for the separation of propylene/ethylene mixtures.

Distinguishing High-Intensity Drinking from Heavy-Episodic Drinking Events Among Heavy-Drinking U.S. adults.

Introduction: High-intensity drinking (HID) poses significant health risks, yet research on its prevalence and contextual factors, among general adult populations, remains limited. To identify intervention points among heavy drinkers, this study compared event-level factors that were associated with higher risk for HID compared to heavy episodic drinking (5+ drinks).

Methods: We surveyed 756 adults (ages 18-65) who engaged in past-year 5+ drinking, answering questions on recent past 12-month drinking events at HED 5-7 drinks and HID 8-11 and 12+ drinks.

Superior Potency of Synthetic Virus-like Structures in Vaccine-Induced Antibody Responses Compared to Qβ Bacteriophage Virus-like Particles.

Virus-like particles are a well-established platform for vaccines, although the molecular mechanisms that underlie the extraordinary potency of many virus-like particles in eliciting strong antibody responses remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that synthetic virus-like structures, a new platform that we have recently developed, are superior to bacteriophage Qβ-based virus-like particles for the induction of long-term neutralizing antibody responses. For the same antigen, both platforms induced antibodies with comparable affinities.

Genetic evolution and molecular characteristics of avian influenza viruses in Jining from 2018 to 2023.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the genetic evolution and molecular characteristics of H5, H7, and H9 subtypes of avian influenza viruses in the external environment of poultry in Jining from 2018 to 2023, providing scientific evidence for the prevention and control of avian influenza.

Methods: Positive samples of H5, H7, and H9 subtypes, collected from the poultry external environment in Jining between 2018 and 2023, were subjected to real-time quantitative PCR. Samples with cycle threshold (CT) values below 30 were selected for influenza virus capture and whole-genome sequencing.