Systematic profiling and bioactivity evaluation of Jiuzao from light flavor baijiu: A by-product rich in bioactive compounds.

Despite being rich in bioactive compounds, Jiuzao of light flavor Baijiu (LFB) remains an underutilized by-product due to limited systematic characterization of its components and lack of efficient valorization strategies. In this study, widely targeted metabolomics was used to comprehensively analyze the water-soluble metabolites in the enzymatic hydrolysate (JEH) and water extract (JWE) of Jiuzao from LFB, and 1869 metabolites (with 887 novel compounds) were identified, including 128 bioactive compounds from traditional Chinese medicine and 95 functional peptides. JEH exhibited superior anti-glycation and antioxidant activities, with inhibition rates of 66.

Biomechanical influence of residual lateral wall thickness and resin reinforcement on the performance of endocrowns in premolars.

Background: Restoring endodontically treated premolars (ETPMs) with mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities poses clinical challenges due to reduced coronal thickness and heightened fracture risk. Despite advances in adhesive dentistry, the biomechanical effects of residual lateral wall (RLW) thickness and composite resin reinforcement on the performance of ceramic endocrowns in ETPMs remain underdefined. This study aims to evaluate how RLW thickness and resin reinforcement influence fracture resistance, stress distribution, and failure modes in ETPMs restored with ceramic endocrowns.

MY-1 promotes angiogenesis in the ischemic hindlimbs by regulating the stability of CDC42 via PSMD14.

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a refractory peripheral artery disease characterized by tissue ischemia, presenting significant therapeutic challenges. Current surgical revascularization treatments are limited by indications, complications, and other constraints, making the identification of novel therapeutic strategies an important objective for CLI management. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel short peptide, named MY-1, and developed a GelMA/MY-1 hydrogel sustained-release system for local application in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model.

Clinical efficacy and safety of Cadonilimab in the treatment of advanced gynecological malignancies: a retrospective, real-world study.

Background: Cadonilimab, recognized as the most rapidly developed Chinese drug in the field of cervical cancer, received marketing approval in China in 2022. We conducted a study to investigate the safety and efficacy of Cadonilimab, combined with and without chemotherapy or bevacizumab treatment, in patients with recurrent / metastatic gynecological malignancies.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 60 patients with recurrent / metastatic gynecological malignant tumors, confirmed by pathology or cytology from July 2022 to December 2024.

Nanotherapies based on bacterial metabolism: Mechanisms, design and application.

Bacterial metabolism provides the essential materials and energy for growth and reproduction. Through complex transformations and electron transfer, bacteria convert external nutrients into useable forms and achieve pathogenicity in the human body. In recent years, with the global spread of antibiotic resistance, traditional antibiotic treatments have become increasingly ineffective and may even exacerbate the imbalance of the human microbiota.

Leveraging RNA-seq deconvolution to improve complex in vitro model characterization.

Accelerating development of complex in vitro models (CIVMs) drives a need for additional methods to characterize these systems for use in toxicology and drug development. Relative to traditional cell culture, CIVMs can use a lower number of cells, are cultured for longer periods of time, and typically involve engineered 3-D cell organization. Standard single-cell assessment tools are not conducive to these types of complex models due to cell isolation stress, cell loss, and high cost.

Assessing the effects of HMGCR and LDLR Inhibition on multiple stroke types: A trans-ancestry drug-target Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aims: While statins are established to reduce overall ischemic stroke risk, their effects on ischemic stroke subtypes (AS= any stroke, AIS= any ischemic stroke, CES= cardioembolic stroke, LAS= large artery stroke, SVS= small vessel stroke), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) remain poorly characterized. This study aims to disentangle the distinct causal effects of HMGCR inhibition on multiple stroke types, while concurrently evaluating LDLR as an alternative therapeutic target.

Methods And Results: Genetic variants were extracted from datasets by the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium and the UK Biobank Consortium.

Genome-wide association analysis identifies natural allelic variants associated with leaf rolling in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Background And Aims: Leaf rolling in rice affects plant architecture, light interception, and photosynthetic efficiency. This study aims to identify the genetic basis of adaxial leaf rolling using genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a diverse panel of rice accessions.

Methods: A GWAS was performed using 1.

Mapping patient safety competency in undergraduate nursing interns: Insights from a latent profile analysis.

Background: High patient safety competency promotes safe clinical practice during undergraduate nursing interns' transition to professional roles and lays a strong foundation for their future careers. Identifying potential subgroups of undergraduate nursing interns based on their patient safety competency, along with the associated factors, may offer targeted insights for developing effective educational interventions.

Aim: To investigate the level of patient safety competency among undergraduate nursing interns using latent profile analysis, identify potential subgroups and their key characteristics, and explore the factors influencing subgroup membership.

Global burden of uterine cancer in 204 countries and territories and its predicted level in 15 years, from 1990 to 2021.

Background: Uterine cancer (UC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women. This study assesses the global burden of UC from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study were used to analyze UC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries.

The application of liquid biopsy techniques in cervical cancer diagnosis, prediction and therapeutic surveillance.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in women and ranks as the fourth most common malignant tumor worldwide. Cervical histopathology is currently the primary diagnostic method for confirming the presence of CC. Tumor markers and imaging techniques play crucial roles in monitoring treatment effectiveness and prognostic follow-up.

Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of Brown Spot Resistance Genes in Rice ( L.).

Rice brown spot (BS) caused by affects both rain-fed and upland rice production, causing both yield and grain quality loss. Here, we used a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to analyze the resistance of 130 rice cultivars to BS disease. We identified two quantitative trait loci on chromosome 4.

Impact of Ischemic Preconditioning Preceding Transradial Access for Coronary Angiography on Preventing Postoperative Complications-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Transradial access (TRA) has been endorsed as a Class 1a recommendation for coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, some patients suffer from postoperative complications such as pain, swelling, bleeding and bruising.

Aims: To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning with the compression tourniquet preceding TRA for CAG or PCI on preventing postoperative complications.

Loss of NUMB promotes hepatomegaly and hepatocellular carcinoma through the AKT/glycogen/hippo signaling.

Excessive glycogen deposition is a common feature of liver enlargement, liver adenoma, and liver cancer, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that NUMB, a well-known cell fate determinant, is downregulated in glycogen-rich adenomas and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NUMB-deficient livers developed excessive glycogen accumulation and adenoma formation particularly in aged mice.

The dominant negative mutation of PAX9 in nonsyndromic tooth agenesis.

Objectives: Paired box 9 (PAX9) is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the development of human dentition. Although various mutations in the PAX9 gene have been identified to date, the mechanisms by which these mutations cause non-syndromic tooth agenesis (NSTA) remain not fully understood. To study the pathogenesis of NSTA, we investigated a Chinese NSTA family.

Causal Associations of Epigenetic Age Acceleration With Stroke and Its Functional Outcome: A Two-Sample, Two-Step Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Emerging evidence from observational studies suggested that epigenetic age acceleration may result in an increased incidence of stroke and poorer functional outcomes after a stroke. However, the causality of these associations remains controversial and may be confounded by bias. We aimed to investigate the causal effects of epigenetic age on stroke and its functional outcomes.

Efficacy of disitamab vedotin (RC48) for previously treated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer with symptomatic brain metastases: a case report and review of the literature.

Local radiotherapy or surgery is the standard of care for treating brain metastases among patients with breast cancer. However, affected by tumor subtype, more than 50% of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer and brain metastases will still develop local recurrence or new brain lesions within 1 year after radiotherapy. As systemic therapies demonstrate higher and clinically relevant levels of intracranial activity and longer survival, there is limited evidence to guide how to weigh the options of radiotherapy versus systemic therapy (and deferral of radiation) in patients with progressive brain metastases, particularly those that are symptomatic.

c-Kit cells that intercalate with crypt Lgr5 cells are distinctively multipotent in colonic epithelium renewal and repair.

The colonic crypts are principally composed by Lgr5 stem cells and deep crypt secretory (DCS) cells. c-Kit-expressing cells mark DCS cells and supply Wnt3, EGF, and Notch signals to support their neighboring crypt bottom-intermingled Lgr5 cells. However, the role of c-Kit cells beyond supporting Lgr5 cells in colonic epithelium remains unexplored.

Air Pollution Associated With Mortality Among Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated With Nucleotide/Nucleoside Analogues.

Background And Aims: Air pollution is associated with advanced liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and mortality in patients with CHB treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues.

Methods: We enrolled 697 patients with CHB treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues and analysed the incidence and risk factors for mortality.

Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication through suppressing S1 protein mediated the MAPK/ERK pathway and reducing apoptosis.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes vomiting, dehydration, and diarrhea in piglets, seriously threatening their survival and development and causing huge economic losses to the global pig industry. Current PEDV control relies on vaccines, however, the high mutation rate of PEDV limits vaccine effectiveness, highlighting the need for new antiviral drugs. This study investigated the pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) on PEDV using network pharmacology, as well as GO and KEGG analyses, to predict its role in modulating the MAPK/ERK pathway.

Air pollution causes abnormal alanine aminotransferase levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Background: To investigate the association between air pollution and abnormal alanine aminotransferase levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogs (NAs).

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 1275 patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with nucleotide/NAs from 2019 to 2022 in Kaohsiung and analyzed the incidence and risk factors for abnormal alanine aminotransferase levels. Daily air pollutant concentrations were estimated for the year before enrollment.

Immunological Insights into the Causal Link Between Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Frailty: An Integrated Analytical Study.

Previous observational studies have observed associations between rheumatoid arthritis (RA), knee osteoarthritis (KOA), hip osteoarthritis (HOA), and frailty, but the causal relationships remain unestablished. This study aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between RA, KOA, HOA, KneeHipOA, and frailty using Mendelian randomization (MR) and bioinformatics analysis. We performed two-sample MR to test for causality between RA, KOA, HOA, KneeHipOA, and frailty.

Nanotherapies Based on ROS Regulation in Oral Diseases.

Oral diseases rank among the most prevalent clinical conditions globally, typically involving detrimental factors such as infection, inflammation, and injury in their occurrence, development, and outcomes. The concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells has been demonstrated as a pivotal player in modulating these intricate pathological processes, exerting significant roles in restoring oral functionality and maintaining tissue structural integrity. Due to their enzyme-like catalytic properties, unique composition, and intelligent design, ROS-based nanomaterials have garnered considerable attention in oral nanomedicine.

Polysaccharide extracted from Phellinus igniarius attenuated hyperuricemia by modulating bile acid metabolism and inhibiting uric acid synthesis in adenine/potassium oxonate-treated mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Phellinus igniarius (Linnearus: Fries) Quelet (Phellinus igniarius) is an edible and medicinal fungi and has been used in China for centuries. It is found to improve organs function and metabolic homeostasis including ameliorating hyperuricemia (HUA). Polysaccharide is a predominant component in P.

Your Blood is Out for Delivery: Considerations of Shipping Time and Temperature on Degradation of RNA from Stabilized Whole Blood.

Remote research studies are an invaluable tool for reaching populations with limited access to large medical centers or universities. To expand the remote study toolkit, we previously developed homeRNA, which allows for at-home self-collection and stabilization of blood and demonstrated the feasibility of using homeRNA in high temperature climates. Here, we expand upon this work through a systematic study exploring the effects of high temperature on RNA integrity (represented as RNA Integrity Number, RIN) through in-lab and field experiments.