Broad learning system via adaptive maximum weighted correntropy.

Broad Learning System (BLS) is widely used in various regression problems due to its simple structure and strong generalization ability. The standard optimized method for BLS is sensitive to the noise and outliers since it uses the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion, which may decrease the model's accuracy. As a solution, an Adaptive Maximum Weighted Correntropy - based BLS (AMWC-BLS) is proposed in this paper.

Complement pathway: Risk molecular pattern of cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Among individuals with diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication. As renal dysfunction progresses in DN patients, the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly increases. The current effective treatment of DN and CVD demands identifying and managing their risk factors.

Association of product of platelet and neutrophil count with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES.

Background: Inflammation indices are emerging predictors of diseases. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a precancerous state and chronic inflammation may drive MGUS progression. This study aimed to evaluate the association between inflammatory markers and MGUS.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/β/γ agonist NCPC-626 from microbial metabolites alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in mice.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a progressive liver disease characterized by steatosis, inflammatory responses, and fibrosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), master regulators of glucolipid homeostasis and inflammatory pathways, have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for MASH. PPAR agonists have demonstrated therapeutic potential in MASH by ameliorating hepatic lipid deposition, normalizing dyslipidemia, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and suppressing proinflammatory signaling.

Room temperature CW operation of 1.3 μm quantum dot triple-lattice photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers with buried structure.

The first room-temperature continuous-wave operation of InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) photonic crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL) has been demonstrated based on the triple-lattice structure. The triple-lattice resonator allows the PCSEL to have sufficiently low optical loss to lase even with a compact photonic crystal (PC) size of 100 μm × 100 μm. The fabricated QD-PCSEL exhibits a threshold current of 139 mA and a side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of 37 dB.

Role of dynamic contrast-enhanced and dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging in evaluating the biological features of glioma.

Background: Given the limitations of conventional imaging in accurately grading gliomas, predicting molecular subtypes, and assessing tumor proliferation and angiogenesis, there is a growing need for advanced quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of histogram features of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) imaging in predicting glioma grade and genotyping, as well as to explore the association between DCE and DSC with Ki-67 and microvascular density (MVD).

Methods: Forty-six patients with gliomas were enrolled prospectively.

WFS1 Gene Mutation (c.2389G > A) Induces Immune Disorders by Promoting DC Maturation through Inhibition of TMEM176A.

Mutations in the WFS1 gene, encoding wolframin (WFS1), are known to cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and lead to Wolfram Syndrome (WS). However, the role of WFS1 in immune inflammation remains unexplored. In this study, we identified that the WFS1 gene mutation (c.

Integrating genomic and pathological characteristics to enhance prognostic precision in advanced NSCLC.

Although immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (ICT) is the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers remains challenging. In this multicenter study, we performed next-generation sequencing of tumor samples from 162 patients receiving first-line ICT at the Chinese PLA General Hospital and collected their pathological image information. First, we established a model to predict the risk of tumor progression based on genomic characteristics.

Nitrogen-Doped Carbon-Coated SnO/Sn Nanocomposites by Supercritical Hydrothermal Synthesis as Advanced Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

The SnO anode has a significant volume expansion and low conductivity for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which seriously hinder its commercial application in LIBs. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the design and preparation methods and synthesize high-performance SnO-based nanocomposite anode materials. For this purpose, we report the preparation of SnO/Sn and nitrogen-doped carbon (SnO/Sn@N-C) composite materials for LIB electrodes via supercritical hydrothermal synthesis and the hydrothermal method.

Exploring stroke risk factors in different genders using Bayesian networks: a cross-sectional study involving a population of 134,382.

Background: The exploration of stroke risk factors provides crucial information for healthcare planning and priority setting. This study aims to utilize Bayesian network modeling to explore stroke risk factors in different genders.

Methods: We collected data from 10 cities and 13 counties in Shanxi Province, China, through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests.

Hepatic stellate cell-specific miR-214 expression alleviates liver fibrosis without boosting steatosis and inflammation.

Background: Liver fibrosis is a progressive pathological process primarily driven by the transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblast-like cells which secrete excessive extracellular matrix (ECM). Although microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of fibrogenesis, the therapeutic potential and mechanistic specificity of miR-214-3p (miR-214) in liver fibrosis remain insufficiently defined.

Methods: An adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based system was used to achieve either whole-liver or HSC-specific overexpression of miR-214 (via GFAP promoter) in a mouse model of alcohol-associated liver fibrosis induced by Lieber-DeCarli ethanol diet combined with low-dose CCl₄ injection.

[Identification of tissue distribution components and mechanism of antipyretic effect of famous classical formula Dayuanyin].

Based on the ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) technology, combined with related literature, databases, and reference material information, this study qualitatively analyzed the components of Dayuanyin in the tissue of rats after gavage and employed molecular docking technology to predict the rationality of the mechanism behind the antipyretic effect of the in vivo components in Dayuanyin. A total of 21, 26, 20, 21, 14, and 31 prototype components and 3, 16, 3, 7, 5, and 24 metabolites were identified from the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and hypothalamus of the rats, respectively, and the binding ability of key components and targets was further verified by molecular docking. The results showed that all components had good binding ability with targets.

Milk-processed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice by regulating gut microbiota and immune response.

Background: Immune dysfunction is linked to the progression of various diseases. Milk-processed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (MPC) is a traditional medicine with nourishing effects in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region of China. However, the immune-enhancing effect of MPC and its underlying mechanism remain unclear.

Disturbance of gut microbiota in diabetes related macroangiopathy: Evidence from the gut bacteriome and mycobiome.

Diabetes related macroangiopathy (DMA) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), impacting both morbidity and mortality. This study characterized the gut bacteriome and mycobiome in 179 adults, including 58 with DMA, 71 with T2D, and 50 healthy controls. The gut microbiome of DMA subjects exhibited reduced alpha diversity, and a distinct microbial composition compared with healthy control.

Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Model Based on Multi-Scale Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Network Integrated with Spatial Attention Mechanism.

In response to the challenges posed by complex and variable operating conditions of rolling bearings and the limited availability of labeled data, both of which hinder the effective extraction of key fault features and reduce diagnostic accuracy, this study introduces a model that combines a spatial attention (SA) mechanism with a multi-scale depthwise separable convolution module. The proposed approach first employs the Gramian angular difference field (GADF) to convert raw signals. This conversion maps the temporal characteristics of the signal into an image format that intrinsically preserves both temporal dynamics and phase relationships.

Machine Learning-Assisted Development of Injectable, Mechanically Robust, and Energy Metabolism-Modulating Brushite Cements.

In orthopedic minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) such as percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are an attractive alternative to bioinert polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) due to their superior biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. However, the mechanical strength and injectability of CPCs often remain insufficient for load-bearing applications, limiting their broader use in these critical procedures. To address this challenge, we introduce a machine learning-assisted approach to enhance both the mechanical strength and injectability of CPCs by identifying specific polymers as superplasticizers.

First-line treatment with HDACis plus tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC: a single-arm phase II study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy have been a common first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but they do not work for all patients. HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) may synergize with progressive disease (PD)-1 antibodies by inducing and activating cellular immunity. In this phase II study, we assessed the efficacy and tolerability of chidamide and tislelizumab in combination with chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.

Postnatal exposure to various benzophenones at environmentally relevant levels enhances the susceptibility of mammalian testes to cyclophosphamide-induced spermatogenic stress in adulthood.

Exploring the health damage caused by joint exposure in the real world is one of the hotspots in modern environmental toxicology. Recent studies indicate that environmental chemicals can heighten sensitivity to future stress or damage, potentially leading to various diseases. Benzophenone-type (BPs) chemicals, which are commonly used UV filters with estrogenic properties, have been shown to affect the development of male reproductive systems in aquatic animals, rodents, and humans.

Study on the effect of microbial agent M44 on straw decay promoting in cold soils.

Compound microbial agents are an important means to optimize soil quality and maintain soil microbial activity. When supplemented with microbial agents, straw returned to a field shows improved degradation efficiency and hence better nutrient release. However, due to the low temperature in the northern winter climate and the complex chemical composition of corn straw, the resultant low decomposition efficiency of straw returning to the field hinders the application of this process.

Transcriptional fingerprinting of regulatory T cells: ensuring quality in cell therapy applications.

Introduction: The success of regulatory T cell (Treg) therapies depends on the source of Treg and the quality of the Treg manufacturing product that maintains Treg identity. Commonly used methods to identify Treg, including assessment of FOXP3 expression and demethylation of the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR), may not be sufficient on their own to ensure that Treg cell therapy drug products have an optimal identity and phenotype prior to infusion into patients.

Methods: To address this critical need, we developed a robust framework to molecularly characterize Treg products using next-generation sequencing.

Mechanistic insights into endometriosis: roles of Streptococcus agalactiae and L-carnitine in lesion development and angiogenesis.

Retrograde menstruation is a widely recognized etiological factor for endometriosis (EMs); however, it is not the sole cause, as not all affected women develop EMs. Emerging evidence suggests a significant association between the vaginal microbiota and EMs. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms by which microbial communities influence the pathophysiology and progression of EMs remain unclear.

Disentangling Temperature-Induced Variations in Absorption and Refractive Index in Ultrafast Transient Reflection Spectroscopy.

Accurately interpreting ultrafast carrier dynamics in solid-state materials requires understanding the distinct contributions of absorption and refractive index variations to transient optical responses. In this study, we systematically disentangle temperature-induced changes in the absorption coefficient and refractive index of silicon crystals as a model system. Our approach utilizes transient reflection spectroscopy, complemented by in situ temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Dual-Strategy Pullulan-Soluble Microneedles Based on LL37@ZIF-8 and Artificial Nanozyme Antioxidation for Infected Wound Healing.

Infected skin wound healing involves a series of dynamic and complex physiological processes. In this study, we reported a dissolvable microneedle (MN) with pullulan as the matrix material. The antimicrobial peptide LL37 was immobilized within ZIF-8 to form hybrid nanoparticle LL37@ZIF-8 (LZ).

Cryogenically Flexible Phosphorescent Organic Crystals that Transmit Self-Sustained Persistent Luminescence with Spatiotemporal Control.

Concomitant long-lived phosphorescence and cryogenic elasticity in soft matter is an immensely challenging endeavor due to the contrasting effect of low temperatures on these properties. While the low temperature normally extends and enhances phosphorescence, it typically compromises mechanical elasticity by freezing the molecular motion, inevitably leading to brittleness and cracking of soft materials. In this work, we posit that the emerging class of organic crystals can overcome this intrinsic disparity and describe an organic crystalline material that meets both requirements─an exceptional elasticity of its crystals at 77 K and ultralong afterglow of up to about 30 s, the longest lifetime of a flexible organic crystal reported to date.

Chitosan sponge doped with high-yield microporous carbon nanospheres for rapid hemostasis.

Rapid and effective hemostasis can immediately control blood loss and prevent fatal complications. Chitosan sponge loaded with carbon nanospheres PC-800 for rapid hemostasis was first reported here. Preparation process is simple, green and low-cost.